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P2Y1 receptor in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 440-453页

作者： shan Luo Yifei Wang Tatsuhiro Hisatsune Department of Integrated Biosciences The University of TokyoKashiwaJapan

Alzheimer’s disease is the most frequent form of dementia characterized by the deposition of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles consisting of hyperphosphorylated *** amyloid-beta plaques has been a primary direction for developing Alzheimer’s disease treatments in the last ***,existing drugs targeting amyloid-beta plaques have not fully yielded the expected results in the clinic,necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic *** evidence unravels that astrocyte morphology and function alter in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease patients,with dysregulated astrocytic purinergic receptors,particularly the P2Y1 receptor,all of which constitute the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s *** receptors are not only crucial for maintaining normal astrocyte function but are also highly implicated in neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s *** review delves into recent insights into the association between P2Y1 receptor and Alzheimer’s disease to underscore the potential neuroprotective role of P2Y1 receptor in Alzheimer’s disease by mitigating neuroinflammation,thus offering promising avenues for developing drugs for Alzheimer’s disease and potentially contributing to the development of more effective treatments.

关键词： astrocytes neuroinflammation P2Y1 receptor purinergic receptor

Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1981-1988页

作者： shan Ping Yu Emily Choi Michael QJiang Ling Wei Department of Anesthesiology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterDecaturGAUSA

stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same *** comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older *** review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical *** activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca^(2+)influx is critical for neuronal *** ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca^(2+)mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors,particularly of those at the extrasynaptic *** Ca^(2+)-evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute ***,mild but sustained Ca^(2+)increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic,but gradually set off deteriorating Ca^(2+)-dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death *** on the Ca^(2+)hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances,this Ca^(2+)-activated“silent”degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A,primarily at the extrasynaptic site,serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic *** stroke and Alzheimer's disease,therefore,share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-and Ca^(2+)-mediated mechanism,although with much different time *** is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca^(2+)homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related

关键词： Ca^(2+)hypothesis cognitive deficits hyperactivity late-onset Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits pathogenesis preventive treatment

Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/Ps1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-and Cygb-associated signaling pathways

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2706-2726页

作者： Biao Xiao Chaoyang Chu Zhicheng Lin Tianyuan Fang Yuyu Zhou Chuxia Zhang Jianghui shan shiyu Chen Liping Li Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingboZhejiang ProvinceChina Key Laboratory of Addiction Research of Zhejiang Province NingboZhejiang ProvinceChina

A reduction in adult neurogenesis is associated with behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's ***,enhancing adult neurogenesis represents a promising therapeutic approach for mitigating disease symptoms and ***,nonpharmacological interventions aimed at inducing adult neurogenesis are currently *** individual non-pharmacological interventions,such as aerobic exercise,acousto-optic stimulation,and olfactory stimulation,have shown limited capacity to improve neurogenesis and cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease,the therapeutic effect of a strategy that combines these interventions has not been fully *** this study,we observed an age-dependent decrease in adult neurogenesis and a concurrent increase in amyloid-beta accumulation in the hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice aged 2-8 *** deposition became evident at 4 months,while neurogenesis declined by 6 months,further deteriorating as the disease ***,following a 4-week multifactor stimulation protocol,which encompassed treadmill running(46 min/d,10 m/min,6 days per week),40 Hz acousto-optic stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),and olfactory stimulation(1 hour/day,6 days/week),we found a significant increase in the number of newborn cells(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive cells),immature neurons(doublecortin-positive cells),newborn immature neurons(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/doublecortin-positive cells),and newborn astrocytes(5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine-positive/glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells).Additionally,the amyloid-beta load in the hippocampus *** findings suggest that multifactor stimulation can enhance adult hippocampal neurogenesis and mitigate amyloid-beta neuropathology in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 ***,cognitive abilities were improved,and depressive symptoms were alleviated in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice

关键词： acousto-optic stimulation adult neurogenesis Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 mice amyloid-beta deposition brain cell apoptosis cognitive impairment depression-like behavior involuntary treadmill exercise olfactory stimulation serum metabolites

Wave effect of gravitational waves intersected with a microlens field Ⅱ:An adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm and population study

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 241-254页

作者： Xikai shan Guoliang Li Xuechun Chen Wen Zhao Bin Hu shude Mao Department of Astronomy Tsinghua University Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute for Frontier in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University school of Physics and Astronomy Beijing Normal University school of Astronomy and space science University of Science and Technology of China CAs Key Laboratory for Researches in Galaxies and Cosmology Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences

The gravitational lensing wave effect generated by a microlensing field embedded in a lens galaxy is an inevitable phenomenon in strong lensed gravitational waves （sLGWs）.This effect presents both challenges and opportunities for the detection and application of ***,investigating this wave effect requires computing a complete diffraction integral over each microlens in the *** is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of microlenses （10～3-10～6）.Therefore,simply adding all the microlenses is ***,the complexity of the time delay surface makes the lens plane resolution a crucial factor in controlling numerical *** this paper,we propose a trapezoid approximation-based adaptive hierarchical tree algorithm to meet the challenges of calculation speed and *** find that this algorithm accelerates the calculation by four orders of magnitude compared to the simple adding method and is one order of magnitude faster than the fixed hierarchical tree algorithm proposed for electromagnetic *** importantly,our algorithm ensures controllable numerical errors,increasing confidence in the *** with our previous work （***.66,239511,2023）,this paper addresses all numerical issues,including integral convergence,precision,and computational time1).Finally,we conducted a population study on the microlensing wave effect of sLGWs using this algorithm and found that the microlensing wave effect cannot be ignored,especially for Type II sLGWs （from saddle position of the time delay surface） due to their intrinsic geometric structures and their typical intersection with a denser microlensing ***,more than 33%（11%） of sLGWs have a mismatch larger than 1%（3%） compared to the unlensed ***,we found that the mismatch between signal pairs in a doubly imaged GW is generally larger than 10-3,and 61%（25%） of signal pairs have a mismatch larger than 1%（3%）.Therefo

关键词： gravitational lensing diffractional integral algorithm gravitational wave

Graphene Aerogel Composites with self‑Organized Nanowires‑Packed Honeycomb structure for Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 533-547页

作者： Xiao You Huiying Ouyang Ruixiang Deng Qiuqi Zhang Zhenzhong Xing Xiaowu Chen Qingliang shan Jinshan Yang shaoming Dong state Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and superfine Microstructure Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials CAs Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China structural Ceramics and Composites Engineering Research Center Shanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200050People’s Republic of China Center of Materials science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049People’s Republic of China school of Physical science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210People’s Republic of China school of Materials science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100039People’s Republic of China

With vigorous developments in nanotechnology,the elaborate regulation of microstructure shows attractive potential in the design of electromagnetic wave ***,a hierarchical porous structure and composite heterogeneous interface are constructed successfully to optimize the electromagnetic loss *** macro–micro-synergistic graphene aerogel formed by the ice template‑assisted 3D printing strategy is cut by silicon carbide nanowires(siC_(nws))grown in situ,while boron nitride(BN)interfacial structure is introduced on graphene *** unique composite structure forces multiple scattering of incident EMWs,ensuring the combined effects of interfacial polarization,conduction networks,and magnetic-dielectric ***,the as-prepared composites present a minimum reflection loss value of−37.8 dB and a wide effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 9.2 GHz(from 8.8 to 18.0 GHz)at 2.5 ***,relying on the intrinsic high-temperature resistance of siC_(nws) and BN,the EAB also remains above 5.0 GHz after annealing in air environment at 600℃ for 10 h.

关键词： Hierarchical porous structure Interface High-temperature resistance Graphene aerogel composites Electromagnetic wave absorption

CORROsION BEHAVIOR OF A ZIRCONIUM-TITANIUM BAsED PHOsPHONIC ACID CONVERsION COATING ON AA6061 ALUMINIUM ALLOY

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2008年第4期21卷 269-274页

作者： s.H. Wang C.s. Liu F.J. shan Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Material ＆ Chemical Engineering College Liaoning University of Technology Jinzhou 121001 China

The conversion coating was formed by dipping AA6061 in a fluorotitanate/zirconate acid and amino trimethylene phosphonic acid （ATMP） solution at room temperature. The formation process and the anti-corrosion performance of the conversion coating were investigated using electrochemical test and salt spray test （ssT）, respectively. The electrochemical test shows that the Zr/Ti and ATMP coating improves the corrosion resistance of AA6061 as good as the chromate （VI） coating. But the results of ssT show that the corrosion resistance of Zr/Ti and ATMP coating is not as good as the chromate （VI） coating. The corrosion area is less than 2% after 72 h.

关键词： Corrosion resistance Fluorotitanate/zireonate acid Phosphonic acid Aluminium alloy Conversion coating

First-principles studies on carbon diffusion in tungsten

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Chinese Physics B 2019年第11期28卷 268-273页

作者： Chi song Xiang-shan Kong C s Liu College of science Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing 211169China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

The carbon diffusivity in tungsten is one fundamental and essential factor in the application of tungsten as plasmafacing materials for fusion reactors and substrates for diamond growth. However, data on this are quite scarce and largely scattered. We perform a series of first-principles calculations to predict the diffusion parameters of carbon in tungsten,and evaluate the effect of temperature on them by introducing lattice expansion and phonon vibration. The carbon atom prefers to occupy octahedral interstitial site rather than tetrahedral interstitial site, and the minimum energy path for its diffusion goes through a tetrahedral site. The temperature has little effect on the pre-exponential factor but a marked effect on the activation energy, which linearly increases with the temperature. Our predicted results are well consistent with the experimental data obtained at high temperature(>1800 K) but significantly larger than the experimental results at low temperature(<1800 K).

关键词： metals and alloys diffusion computer simulations

CORROsION REsIsTANCE OF HOT DIP GALVANIZED sTEEL PRETREATED WITH BIs-FUNCTIONAL sILANEs MODIFIED WITH NANOALUMINA

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2008年第4期21卷 245-252页

作者： F.J. shan C.s. Liu s.H. Wang G.C. Qi Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Material ＆ Chemical Engineering College Liaoning University of Technology Jinzhou 121001 China

The corrosion behavior of hot dip galvanized steel pretrvated with bis-[triethoxysilylpropyl] tetrasulfide （BTEsPT） modified with alumina particles was studied. The corrosion resistance of the passiving films was evaluated by Tafel polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The films formed on the galvanized steel substrate were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The surface morphology of the treated hot dip galvanized steel samples was observed by Field Emission scanning Electron Microscope. The results show that the pretrvatments on the basis of silane films modified with nanoalumina particles have reduced both anodic and cathodic current densities, and increased total impedance in the measured frequency, consequently, improving corrosion protection for hot dip galvanized steel during immersion in NaCl solutions compared to chromate films and silane films.

关键词： Bis-sulfur silane Nanoalumina Corrosion protection Characterization Hot dip galvanised steel

AMINO-TRIs-(METHYLENEPHOsPHONIC ACID)LAYERs ADsORPTION ON AA6061 ALUMINUM ALLOY

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 2008年第5期21卷 355-361页

作者： s.H. Wang C.s. Liu F.J. shan G.C. Qi Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of Education Northeastern University Shenyang 110004 China Material＆ Chemical Engineering College Liaoning University of Technology Jinzhou 121001 China

The amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were adsorbed on the surface of AA6061 aluminum alloy for improving the lacquer adhesion and corrosion inhibition as a substitute for chromate coatings. The surface structure and characteristic of the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers on AA6061 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of XPs and ATR-FTIR analysis. The analyzed results showed that the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） adsorption layers adsorb on the surface of aluminium alloy via acid-base interaction in a bi-dentate conformation. After the amino-tri-（methylenephosphonic acid） layers were coated with epoxy resin, the layers showed good adhesive strength and favorable corrosion resistance in contrast to chromate coatings.

关键词： Amino-tri-(methylenephosphonic acid) layer Organophosphonate Aluminum alloy Corrosion resistance