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Increasing concentrations.of dietary threonine, tryptophan, and glycine improve growth performance and intestinal health with decreasing stress res.onses in broiler chickens raised under multiple stress conditions

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ANIMAL NUTRITIoN 2024年第3期18卷 145-153页

作者： kim, hyun Woo kim, Jong hyuk han, Gi Ppeum Kil, Dong Yong Ch.ng Ang Univ Dept Anim Sci & Technol Anseong 17546 South Korea Ch.ngbuk Natl Univ Dept Anim Sci Cheongju 28644 South Korea

The current study aimed to compare the effects.of increasing concentrations.of dietary threonine (Thr), tryptophan (Trp), and glycine (Gly) on growth performance, stress biomarkers, and intestinal function in broiler chickens under multiple stress conditions. Five hundred sixty broiler chickens at 21 d old were randomly allotted to 5 treatments with 8 replicates. Birds in a positive control (PC) treatment were raised under low s.ock density (16.9 birds/m(2) per cage) with recommended environmental conditions, whereas birds in 4 treatments were subjected to multiple stress conditions: a cyclic heat stress.of 30 +/- 0.3 degrees C for 10 h and 23 +/- 0.2 degrees C for 14 h per day with high s.ock density (25.3 birds/m(2) per cage). A basal diet was assigned to both PC and negative control (NC) treatments. Three additional diets were individually formulated to contain double concentrations.of digestible Thr, Trp, or Gly + ser compared with their concentrations in the basal diet. The experiment lasted for 14 d. Results s.owed that NC treatment had less growth performance (P oblet cell counts (P = 0.018), and trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER; P her corticosterone (CoRT) concentrations than PC treatment. Thr treatment s.owed the least (P onvers.on ratio (FCR) among treatments under multiple stress conditions. Thr, Trp, and Gly treatments had less (P = 0.026) feather CoRT concentrations, but had greater (P han NC treatment. In conclus.on, increasing concentrations.of dietary Thr, Trp, or Gly improve the growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens with decreasing stress res.onse under multiple stress conditions.

关键词： Broiler chicken Glycine Multiple stress Threonine Tryptophan MEAT QUALITY hEAT-sTREss BEhAVIoRAL-REs.oNsEs oXIDATIVE sTATUs sUPPLEMENTATIoN MICRoFLoRA INTEGRITY PRoTEIN METABoLIsM EXPREss.oN

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Model dependent analysis.of ■→■ decays in beyond standard model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 86-99页

作者： s.Mahata M.Mandal h.Mahapatra s.Biswas s.sahoo Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Durgapur

Motivated by the recent experimental results.of branch.ng fractions for ■→■ decays,which deviate from their sM predictions,we hve investigated these decays in W' model and scalar leptoquark model to determine potential signatures.of new physics(NP) in semileptonic charm decays induced by c→■ *** recent experimental results.of branch.ng fractions for semileptonic D meson decays,new coupling parameters are predicted for the aforementioned NP *** fraction,forward-backward asymmetry,and lepton polarization asymmetry are examined by considering the predicted NP coupling *** results.of branch.ng fractions in scalar leptoquark model are found very close to the experimental results and exist around the range of 1σ *** presented a comparative study of the NP models to check their sensitivity on these *** anticipate that further research on these decays will significantly support our findings.

关键词： $ W' $ boson charm decay flavour ch.nging charged current new physics scalar leptoquark

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Model dependent analysis.of D^(+)_(s)→η^(′)l+v_(l) decays in beyond standard model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第9期48卷 82-95页

作者： s.Mahata M.Mandal h.Mahapatra s.Biswas s.sahoo Department of Physics National Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur 713209West BengalIndia

Motivated by the recent experimental results.of branch.ng fractions for D^(+)_(s)→η^(′)l+v_(l) decays,which deviate from their sM predictions,we hve investigated these decays in W' model and scalar leptoquark model to determine potential signatures.of new physics(NP) in semileptonic charm decays induced by c→(s,d)l+v_(l) *** recent experimental results.of branch.ng fractions for semileptonic D meson decays,new coupling parameters are predicted for the aforementioned NP *** fraction,forward-backward asymmetry,and lepton polarization asymmetry are examined by considering the predicted NP coupling *** results.of branch.ng fractions in scalar leptoquark model are found very close to the experimental results and exist around the range of 1σ *** presented a comparative study of the NP models to check their sensitivity on these *** anticipate that further research on these decays will significantly support our findings.

关键词： charm decay new physics W′boson scalar leptoquark flavour ch.nging charged current

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on-chip phys.ological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： song Ih Ahn YongTae kim school of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea George W.Woodruff school of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker h.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace h.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability ***,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments.of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the phys.ological interactions between various types.of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels.of arteries and veins includes contractile s.ooth muscle cells(schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

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Electric-field-controlled highly regioselective thiocyanation of N-containing heterocycles

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science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1263-1269页

作者： Ming Gong Qian Wu Jung Keun kim Mengmeng huang Yabo Li Yangjie Wu Jong seung kim henan Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Henan UniversitiesCollege of ChemistryZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Chemistry Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea

Achieving highly regioselective synthesis in organic chemistry is challenging due to the uncontrollable orientation between reacting *** electric fields(EEFs)can influence the reactivity and selectivity of the substrate by causing directional ***,scalable and efficient techniques for using EEFs as“smart catalysts”have been lacking,hindering their *** this study,we present a novel method for modifying the regioselectivity of quinoxaline-2(1h)-ones by functionalizing their C7-position using the electric double layer(EDL)*** approach led to moderate to good yields.of the corres.onding C7-thiocyanation *** calculations and control experiments demonstrated that EEFs could reverse the regioselectivity of quinoxaline-2(1h)-ones,allowing the C7-thiocyanation to proceed via a radical reaction ***,the resulting 7-thiocyano-1-methylquinoxaline-2(1h)-ones exhibited promising AIE *** work s.owcases a promising strategy for achieving highly regioselective functionalization by aligning the electric field with the desired reaction/bond axis.

关键词： electric fields reaction-axis rule electric double layer C7-thiocyanation C-s bond formation

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organic X-Ray Image sensors Using a Medium Bandgap Polymer Donor with Low Dark Current

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ENERGY & ENVIRoNMENTAL MATERIALs 2024年第6期7卷 230-237页

作者： ha, Jong-Woon Eom, seung hun Cha, Bo Kyung song, seyeong Eun, hyeong Ju kim, Jong h. Park, Jong Mok kim, Bongs.o Park, Byoungwook Ko, s.o-Jin Yoon, sung Cheol Lee, Ch.ngjin Jung, In hwan hwang, Do-hoon Pusan Natl Univ Chem Inst Funct Mat Dept Chem Busan 46241 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol KRICT Div Adv Energy Mat Res Ctr Daejeon 34114 South Korea Korea Electrotechnol Res Inst KERI Electromed Device Res Ctr Ansan 15588 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst sci & Technol UNIsT Grad Sch Carbon Neutral Sch Energy & Chem Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Ajou Univ Dept Mol Sci & Technol Suwon 16449 South Korea Korea Res Inst Chem Technol Res Ctr Adv Specialty Chem Ulsan 44412 South Korea Ulsan Natl Inst sci & Technol UNIsT Dept Chem Ulsan 44919 South Korea hanyang Univ Dept Organ & Nano Engn Human Tech Convergence Program 222 Wangsimni Ro Seoul 04763 South Korea

The development of portable X-ray detectors is necessary for diagnosing fractures in unconscious patients in emergency situations. however, this is quite challenging because of the heavy weight of the scintillator and silicon photodetectors. The weight and thickness.of X-ray detectors can be reduced by replacing the silicon layer with an organic photodetectors. This study presents a novel bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor that exhibits excellent photodetection properties even in a thick photoactive layer (similar to 700 nm), owing to the symmetric backbone and highly soluble molecular structure of bithienopyrroledione. The ability of bithienopyrroledione-based polymer donor to strongly suppress the dark current density (J(d) similar to 10(-10) A cm(-2)) at a negative bias (-2.0 V) while maintaining high res.onsivity (R = 0.29 A W-1) even at a thickness.of 700 nm results in a maximum s.ot-noise-limited specific detectivity of D-sh* = 2.18 x 10(13) Jones in the organic photodetectors. Printed organic photodetectors are developed by s.ot-die coating for use in X-ray detectors, which exhibit D-sh* = 2.73 x 10(12) Jones with clear rising (0.26 s) and falling (0.29 s) res.onse times upon X-ray irradiation. Detection reliability is also proven by linear res.onse of the X-ray detector, and the X-ray detection limit is 3 mA.

关键词： low dark current low detection limit organic photodetector printable X-ray DETECToRs PhoToCoNDUCToRs sENsITIVITY

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A tribo-chemical view on astringency of plant-based food substances

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Friction 2024年第7期12卷 1392-1407页

作者： samuel s.GAMANIEL Paloma s.DUEÑAs RoBLEs hans TRoMP Els h.A.de hooG sissi de BEER Emile van der hEIDE Laboratory for surface Technology and Tribology Faculty of Engineering TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschede 7522 LWthe Netherlands NIZo Food Research B.V. Ede6710 BAthe Netherlands Department of Molecules and Materials MEsA+Institute for Nanotechnology University of TwenteEnschede 7500 AEthe Netherlands

Consumption of plant-based food products having high composition of polyphenols leads to the sensation of *** sliding oral surfaces,friction is an essential property during the oral perception of roughness and dryness which are attributes as.ociated with *** factors including the chemical composition of interacting layers,structure and operation of interfaces have an effect on the astringency development *** manner of interactions.occurring at oral interfaces suggest there is a system dependence of astringency and highlights the importance of adopting a tribosystems *** measurement techniques have s.own an existing relationship between salivary protein-polyphenol interaction and an astringent ***,the tribo-chemistry involved in this multifaceted sensation remains largely unexplored in a comprehensive *** this review the underlying tribo-chemical processes useful in understanding the mechanism of astringency are highlighted and discussed considering current techniques employed to investigate astringency *** of lubrication on oral surfaces.owing to the tribo-chemical interactions involving saliva and astringent plant proteins requires subsequent deformations.of oral tissues which are significant enough to induce strains at mechanoreceptor locations,leading to the sensation of *** is proposed that micro-scale contact modelling on the interaction of food particles/aggregates,boundary layers and oral surfaces s.ows potential in addressing the knowledge gap between tribo-chemical measurement techniques and panel tests,making it possible to attain a predictor for astringency.

关键词： oral lubrication astringency tribo-chemistry tribology

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Photo-induced crosslinked and anti-PD-L1 peptide incorporated liposomes to promote PD-L1 multivalent binding for effective immune checkpoint blockade therapy

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Acta Pharmaceutica sinica B 2024年第3期14卷 1428-1440页

作者： Youngjoo Lee sukyung song suah Yang Jins.ong kim Yujeong Moon Nayeon shim h.ng Yeol Yoon sehoon kim Man Kyu shim Kwangmeyung kim KU-KIsT Graduate school of Converging science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Medicinal Materials Research Center Biomedical Research DivisionKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea College of Pharmacy Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760Republic of Korea Department of Bioengineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea

Immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)therapy targeting PD-L1 via monoclonal antibody(m Ab)has s.own extensive clinical benefits in the diverse types.of advanced ***,most patients are completely refractory to ICB therapy owing to the PD-L1 recycling ***,we propose photo-induced crosslinked and anti-PD-L1 peptide incorporated liposomes(immune checkpoint blockade liposomes;ICB-LPs)to promote PD-L1 multivalent binding for inducing lysosomal degradation of PD-L1 in tumor *** ICB-LPs are prepared by formulation of DC_(8,9)PC with photo-polymerized diacetylenic moiety,1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine(DPPC)and anti-PD-L1peptide(D-form NYsKPTDRQYhF)-conjugated DsPE-PEG_(2k)(anti-PD-L1-DsPE-PEG_(2k))in a molar ratio of 45:45:10,followed by cross-linking of liposomal bilayer upon UV *** 10 mol% antiPD-L1-DsPE-PEG_(2k)incorporated ICB-LPs have a nano-sized lipid bilayer structure with an average diameter of 137.7±1.04 nm,s.owing a high stability in serum ***,the ICB-LPs efficiently promote the multivalent binding with PD-L1 on the tumor cell membrane,which are endocytosed with aim to deliver PD-L1 to the lysosomes,wherein the durable PD-L1 degradation is.observed for72 h,in contrast to anti PD-L1 m Abs s.owing the rapid PD-L1 recycling within 9 *** in vitro coculture experiments with CD8^(+)T cells s.ow that ICB-LPs effectively enhance the T cell-mediated antitumor immune res.onses against tumor cells by blocking the PD-L1/PD-1 *** ICB-LPs are intravenously injected into colon tumor-bearing mice,they efficiently accumulate within the targeted tumor tissues via both passive and active tumor targeting,inducing a potent T cell-mediated antitumor immune res.onse by effective and durable PD-L1 ***,this study demonstrates the superior antitumor efficacy of crosslinked and anti-PD-L1 peptide incorporated liposome formulation that promotes PD-L1 multivalent binding for trafficking of PD-L1 toward

关键词： Cancer immunotherapy Immune checkpoint blockade PEGylated liposome Crosslinked lipid nanoparticles Anti-PD-L1 peptide Tumor-targeting PD-L1 multivalent binding Lysosomal PD-L1 degradation

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Electrolyte Effect on Photoetch.ng of Gallium Nitride

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 61-74页

作者： huiqiang Liang Zh.nghao Wei Jiongch.ng Fang Yanming Li Ch.ngli Li Zhirun Xie Yun hau ng Guosong Zeng shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics and Flexible Manufacturing systems Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China school of Materials Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275People’s Republic of China school of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongKowloon 999077Hong Kong SARPeople’s Republic of China City University of h.ng Kong shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen Hi-Tech Industrial ParkNanshan DistrictShenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China sUsTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China

The limited material removal rate of conventional chemical mechanical polish.ng(CMP)significantly hinders the fabrica-tion efficiency and surface quality,thereby preventing the development of gallium nitride(GaN)-based ***,the incorporation of photoelectrochemistry in CMP has garnered increasing attention because of its potential to enhance the quality and efficiency of the GaN ***,a considerable gap still exists in the comprehensive understanding of the specific photoelectrochemical(PEC)behavior of ***,we report the influence of the electrolyte on the PEC etch.ng of *** acids and bases were tested,with their ph being carefully *** concentrations.of the cations and anions were also *** results s.owed that photocorros.on/photoetch.ng was more pronounced in sulfuric acid,phosphoric acid,and nitric acid environments than in alkaline environments,but it was less pronounced in hydrochloric ***,the effects.of ph and anion concentration on photoetch.ng were investigated,and the results revealed that pho-toetch.ng in acidic environments weakened with increasing ph levels and diminished with increasing sulfate *** underlying reasons contributing to this.observation were *** findings provide ideas for improving the pho-toetch.ng efficiency of GaN,thereby enrich.ng the photoelectrochemical mechanical polish.ng(PECMP)technology of GaN.

关键词： GaN Photoelectrochemistry Photoetch.ng ph

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Tilted global solar irradiance in Bahrain: an experimental study

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CLEAN ENERGY 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： Vasilikos, N. Georgantopoulou, C. Alajaimi, h. Almajed, s. h. Ahmed, M. Mathioulakis, D. Bahrain Polytech Sch Mech Engn POB 33349 Isa Town Bahrain Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Mech Engn Heroon Polytech 7 St Athens 15773 Greece

In the present work, tilted global solar irradiance data are presented and analysed, measured for a period of 1 year on the campus.of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. The fixed panel faces south with an angle of 26 degrees with respect to the horizontal, coinciding with the local geographical latitude. The second panel is moved by two motors, controlled by a global positioning system and suitable software so that the sun's rays are perpendicular to the panel surface. A pyranometer is installed on each panel, recording the tilted global solar irradiance, s.ored by using a data logger. The analysis.of the data obtained s.ows a 33% solar energy gain on an annual basis for the moving panel (2780 versus 2088 kWh/m2 on the fixed panel). More importantly, in June, when the energy demand in Bahrain is elevated due to the increased residential cooling loads, the solar energy received by the moving panel is 54.7% higher compared with that of the fixed panel. on a percentage basis, the increase in solar energy from the moving panel is profound in the early morning and late evening hours. Moreover, the reduction in the solar energy received by the fixed panel from May to June does not appear in the moving panel because of the adjustable orientation of the latter. Throughout the year, the mean daily solar power varies between 0.37 and 0.56 kW/m2 for the fixed panel, and 0.45 and 0.70 kW/m2 for the moving panel. In winter, solar energy fluctuations are elevated due to erratic weather conditions that present a peak standard deviation of 28% of the corres.onding mean. The data presented are useful for potential solar investments in Gulf countries. Tilted global solar irradiance data are measured and analysed for a period of 1 year on the campus.of Bahrain Polytechnic, Kingdom of Bahrain, from both a fixed photovoltaic panel and a moving one via a two-axis solar tracker. Graphical Abstract

关键词： tilted solar irradiance renewable energy solar tracking photovoltaic Gulf Cooperation Council Countries sUN TRACKIng ENERGY sYsTEMs PANELs WoRLD

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