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s.ngle-pilot operations in commercial flight:Effects on neural activity and visual behaviour under abnormalities and emergencies

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第8期37卷 277-292页

作者： Qinbiao LI Chun-hsien ChEN Kam K.h.ng Xin YUAN Cho Yin YIU human Factors and Ergonomics Laboratory Department of Aeronautical and Aviation EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong Special Administrative Region 100872China school of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore

With cutting-edge technologies and considering airline human-resource-saving,a s.ngle pilot in commercial jets could be technically *** changes in captains’natural behaviours are initially required to comprehend the specific safe human performance envelope for safeguarding s.ngle-pilot flight,particularly in high-risk *** paper investigates how captains’performance transforms for fixing emergencies when operating from Dual-Pilot Operations(DPO)to s.ngle-Pilot Operations(sPO)through a physiological-based *** pilots flew an emergency-included flight with/without first officers’*** neural activities and scanning behaviours were recorded us.ng a 32-channel Electroencephalogram(EEG)and glasses-based eye tracker,with the observation and post-experiment questionnaires to evaluate the flight operations and pilots’*** alone,there was a significantly increased cortical activity in h and b waves over the frontal,parietal,and temporal lobes during the more complicated emergencies,and pilots focused less on the primary flight display while spending significantly more time scanning the other *** physiological fluctuating patterns associated with risky operations in sPO were highlighted by cross-correlating multimodal *** experimental-based noteworthy insights may wish to inform commercial sPO measures to lessen the persistent physiological fluctuation,assisting airlines in creating sPO-oriented intelligent flight systems to give captains adequate support for assuring safer air transportation.

关键词： Aviation engineering s.ngle pilot operations Behaviour changes Eye tracker Electroencephalogram

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Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： haowen Guo Charles Wang Wai ng Qi Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)

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Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： sourav Dutta seungmin noh Roger sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen salvador Pané Bradley J.Nelson hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIsT‑ETh Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

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Optimizing Average Electric Power During the Charging of Lithium-Ion Batteries Through the Taguchi Method

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 152-166页

作者： Mohd h.s.Alrashdan Department of Electrical Engineering Al-Hussein Bin Talal UniversityMaan 71110Jordan

In recent times, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used owing to their high energy density, extended cycle lifespan, and minimal self-discharge rate. The design of high-speed rechargeable lithium-ion batteries faces a significant challenge owing to the need to increase average electric power during charging. This challenge results from the direct influence of the power level on the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the battery electrodes. In this study, the Taguchi optimization method was used to enhance the average electric power during the charging process of lithium-ion batteries. The Taguchi technique is a statistical strategy that facilitates the systematic and efficient evaluation of numerous experimental variables. The proposed method involved varying seven input factors, including positive electrode thickness, positive electrode material, positive electrode active material volume fraction, negative electrode active material volume fraction, separator thickness, positive current collector thickness, and negative current collector thickness. Three levels were assigned to each control factor to identify the optimal conditions and maximize the average electric power during charging. Moreover, a variance assessment analysis was conducted to validate the results obtained from the Taguchi analysis. The results revealed that the Taguchi method was an eff ective approach for optimizing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries. This indicates that the positive electrode material, followed by the separator thickness and the negative electrode active material volume fraction, was key factors significantly infl uencing the average electric power during the charging of lithium-ion batteries response. The identification of optimal conditions resulted in the improved performance of lithium-ion batteries, extending their potential in various applications. Particularly, lithium-ion batteries with average electric power of 16 W and 17

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries Average electric power during charging Taguchi method COMsOL Multiphysics software C rate L27 orthogonal array

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Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary Arnold Jenifer Murphy-smith Chee h.ng David Mischoulon Gerard J.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con stough Michael Berk Jerome sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined us.ng linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPh1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

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A pan-cancer fingerprint:common molecular denominators of the human tumor microenvironment

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第12期6卷 3371-3372页

作者： susanna s.ng sonia Leonardelli Michael hölzel Institute of Experimental Oncology University Hospital BonnUniversity of Bonn53127 BonnGermany

In a recent study published in Cancer Cell,Bagaev et *** a pan-cancer tumor microenvironment(TME)classification that can be predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI)therapy.1 The authors presented a detailed visualization that can be generated for each tumor,which combines the 29 functional gene expression signatures(Fges)used to subtype the TME with targetable genomic *** the compartments and pathways within the TME could aid decision-making in patient-specific treatment of cancer,especially in the context of immunotherapies.2 The increas.ng use of ICIs have shown promis.ng clinical outcomes in several cancer ***,response to treatment is heterogenous and often results in immune-related adverse events.3 Therefore,efforts are focused on the development of prognostic tools to predict response to *** analysis of 468 melanoma patients resulted in grouping of the TME into four major subsets based on manually curated Fges.

关键词： cancer alterations

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A Comprehensive Review on Charging Topologies and Power Electronic Converter solutions for Electric Vehicles

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： Abdelfatah Ali hossam h.h.Mousa Mostafa F.shaaban Maher A.Azzouz Ahmed s.A.Awad the Department of Electrical Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates the Department of Electrical Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrical Engineering Department Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric vehicles(EVs)are becoming more popular worldwide due to environmental concerns,fuel security,and price *** performance of EVs relies on the energy stored in their batteries,which can be charged us.ng either AC(slow)or DC(fast)***,EVs can also be used as mobile power storage devices us.ng vehicle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters(PECs)have a constructive role in EV applications,both in charging EVs and in ***,this paper comprehensively investigates the state of the art of EV charging topologies and PEC solutions for EV *** examines PECs from the point of view of their classifications,configurations,control approaches,and future research prospects and their impacts on power *** can be classified into various topologies:DC-DC converters,AC-DC converters,DC-AC converters,and AC-AC *** address the limitations of traditional DC-DC converters such as switching losses,size,and high-electromagnetic interference(EMI),resonant converters and multiport converters are being used in high-voltage EV ***,power-train converters have been modified for high-efficiency and reliability in EV *** paper offers an overview of charging topologies,PECs,challenges with solutions,and future trends in the field of the EV charging station applications.

关键词： Charging station charging topology electric vehicle power electronic converter vehicle-to-grid

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MgO-attached graphene nanosheet(MgO@GNs)reinforced magnesium matrix nanocomposite with superior mechanical,corrosion and biological performance

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第9期31卷 2062-2076页

作者： s.Abazari A.shamsipur h.R.Bakhsheshi-Rad M.s.soheilirad F.Khorashadizade s.s.Mirhosseini Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Amirkabir University of TechnologyTehran ***Iran Iranian National standards Organization of hormozgan HormozganIran Advanced Materials Research Center Department of Materials EngineeringNajafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabadIran Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Magnesium(Mg)alloys are gaining great consideration as body implant materials due to their high biodegradability and ***,they suffer from low corrosion resistance and antibacterial *** this research,semi-powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion was utilized to produce the magnesium oxide@graphene nanosheets/magnesium(MgO@GNs/Mg)composite to improve mechanical,corrosion and cytocompatibility *** have revealed that the incorporation of MgO@GNs nanohybrids into Mg-based composite enhanced microhardness and compressive *** vitro,osteoblast cell culture tests show that us.ng MgO@GNs nanohybrid fillers enhances osteoblast adhesion and apatite *** presence of MgO@GNs nanoparticles in the composites decreased the opening defects,micro-cracks and micro-pores of the composites thus preventing the penetration of the corrosive solution into the *** demonstrated that the MgO@GNs/Mg composite possesses excellent antibacterial properties because of the combination of the release of MgO and physical damage to bacterium membranes caused by the sharp edges of graphene nanosheets that can effectively damage the cell wall thereby facilitating penetration into the bacterial lipid ***,the MgO@GNs/Mg composite with high mechanical strength,antibacterial activity and corrosion resistance is considered to be a promis.ng material for load-bearing implant applications.

关键词： metal matrix composites MgO@GNs nanohybrid strengthening mechanisms antibacterial activity biocompatibility

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Azimuthal rotation-controlled nanoinscribing for continuous patterning of period-and shapetunable asymmetric nanogratings

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 207-218页

作者： Useung Lee hyein Kim Dong Kyo Oh Nayeong Lee Jonggab Park Jaewon Park hyunji son hyunchan noh Junsuk Rho Jong G.Ok Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea POsCO-POsTECh-RIsT Convergence Research Center for Flat Optics and Metaphotonics Pohang 37673Republic of Korea National Institute of Nanomaterials Technology(NINT) Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Present address:Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea University145 Anam-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02841Republic of Korea Research Team Hyundai Motor Group150 Hyundaiyeonguso-roHwaseong-siGyeonggi 18280Republic of Korea

We present an azimuthal-rotation-controlled dynamic nanoinscribing(ARC-DNI)process for continuous and scalable fabrication of asymmetric nanograting structures with tunable periods and shape profiles.A sliced edge of a nanograting mold,which typically has a rectangular grating profile,slides over a polymeric substrate to induce its burrfree plastic deformation into a linear *** this continuous nanoinscribing process,the“azimuthal angle,”that is,the angle between the moving direction of the polymeric substrate and the mold’s grating line orientation,can be controlled to tailor the period,geometrical shape,and profile of the inscribed *** modulating the azimuthal angle,along with other important ARC-DNI parameters such as temperature,force,and inscribing speed,we demonstrate that the mold-opening profile and temperature-and time-dependent viscoelastic polymer reflow can be controlled to fabricate asymmetric,blazed,and slanted nanogratings that have diverse geometrical profiles such as trapezoidal,triangular,and ***,period-and profile-tunable ARC-DNI can be utilized for the practical fabrication of diverse optical devices,as is exemplified by asymmetric diffractive optical elements in this study.

关键词： tunable asymmetric rotation

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An update on hormonal regulation of early embryo-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology outcomes

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2024年第1期8卷 39-49页

作者： suranga P.Kodithuwakku Ernest h.Y.ng William s.B.Yeung Kai-Fai Lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Animal science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation.The University of hong Kong-shenzhen hospital Shenzhen 518053China

human fallopian tubes(FTs)play important roles in the whole reproductive *** are the site for the final maturation of gametes,fertilization,transport of preimplantation embryos,and early embryonic development before entering the *** these functions are critical in the establishment of a successful *** the embryo is in transit through the FT,the FT microenvironment changes through endocrine,paracrine,autocrine,and juxtacrine mechanisms which involve various hormones and bioactive substances mainly from the neighboring ***,the interactions between the embryo and the FT may be the earliest embryo-maternal communications that are essential for the establishment of *** review critically discusses the evidence of various hormonal and bioactive mediated control of the microenvironment in the FTs during the earliest embryo-maternal ***,we highlight existing gaps in the knowledge and the importance of exploring more of the physiology of FTs which will hold the key to producing high-quality embryos for patients seekingin vitro fertilization(IVF)treatments.

关键词： Fallopian tube Embryo Maternal-embryo communication hormonal control

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