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Molecular basis of COVID-19,ARDs and COVID-19-associated ARDs:Diagnosis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

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BIOCELL 2023年第11期47卷 2335-2350页

作者： PRIYADHARsHINI THANJAVUR sRIRAMAMOORTHI GAYATHRI GOPAL sHIBI MURALIDAR sAI RAMANAN EsWARAN DANUsH NARAYAN PANNEERsELVAM BHUVANEsWARAN MEIYANATHAN sRICHANDRAsEKAR THUTHIKKADU INDHUPRAKAsH sENTHIL VIsAGA ambi Biopharmaceutical Research Lab Anusandhan Kendra-1SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India school of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India

The novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)is spreading worldwide and threatening people *** routes by which sARs-CoV-2 causes lung injury have grown to be a major concern in the scientific community since patients with new Coronavirus,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(sARs-CoV-2)have a high likelihood of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDs)in severe *** mortality rate of COVID-19 has increased over the period due to rapid spread,and it becomes crucial to understand the disease epidemiology,pathogenic mechanisms,and suitable treatment *** is a respiratory disorder and is one of the clinical manifestations observed in patients with severe *** this scenario,it is important to address this problem to develop suitable treatment *** review attempts to present the prevalence of ARDs in COVID-19 patients and their predictive causes and risk factors,highlighting the contrasting features of COVID-19-induced ARDs with typical *** review also presents insights into the association between sARs-CoV-2 and lung damage while exploring the potential COVID-19 mechanisms in ARDs from the perspective of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein,cytokine storm,immune responses,and other signaling *** review also discusses the diagnosis strategies,pathogenesis,risk factors,and treatment options of COVID-19-related ARDs.

关键词： ARDs sARs-CoV-2 Variants Pathogenesis Risk factors Vaccines

solving sparse non-negative tensor equations： algorithms and applications

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Frontiers of Mathematics in China 2015年第3期10卷 649-680页

作者： Xutao LI Michael K. ng school of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Centre for Mathematical Imaging and Vision and Department of MathematicsHong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong China

We study iterative methods for solving a set of sparse non-negative tensor equations （multivariate polynomial systems） aris.ng from data mining applications such as information retrieval by query search and community discovery in multi-dimensional networks. By making use of sparse and non-negative tensor structure, we develop Jacobi and Gauss-seidel methods for solving tensor equations. The multiplication of tensors with vectors are required at each iteration of these iterative methods, the cost per iteration depends on the number of non-zeros in the sparse tensors. We show linear convergence of the Jacobi and Gauss-seidel methods under suitable conditions, and therefore, the set of sparse non-negative tensor equations can be solved very efficiently. Experimental results on information retrieval by query search and community discovery in multi-dimensional networks are presented to illustrate the application of tensor equations and the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

关键词： Nonnegative tensor multi-dimensional network information retrieval community iterative method multivariate polynomial equation

Magnetic properties and microstructures of snO_2 doped Mn-Zn ferrites

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Rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 445-449页

作者： ng Foong-Kee sALE Frank R. school of Technology Tunku Abdul Rahman College PO Box 10979 50932 Kuala Lumpur West Malaysia school of Materials The University of Manchester Grosvenor Street Manchester M17HS United Kingdom

The effects of additive snO2 (0.4wt.%), with and without siO2 (0.02wt.%) and/or CaO (0.04wt.%), on the microstructure and magnetic properties of Mn-Zn ferrites were reported. The results reveal that snO2 on its own increases the initial permeability (μi) slightly, but snO2 with siO2 and/or CaO decreases the values of μi. However, ferrites with snO2 additions have reduced power losses. The separate contributions of hysteresis loss and eddy current loss to the total power loss show that snO2 (with or without siO2 and/or CaO) doping increases the hysteresis loss slightly, but snO2 doping alone reduces the eddy current loss significantly (～14%). The additions of siO2 or CaO further decrease the eddy current loss, and by interaction of snO2-CaO-siO2, the eddy current loss is reduced by more than 20%. These magnetic and microstructural effects were discussed in terms of the additive-impurity interaction, the existence of grain boundary phases, and the effective bulk and grain boundary resistivities of the ferrites.

关键词： Mn-Zn ferrites snO2 doping magnetic properties microstructure

ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC DIsPERsION OF DEFORMABLE AEROsOLs IN THE PREsENCE OF AN ELECTRIC FIELD AND CHEMICAL REACTION Us.ng TAYLOR DIsPERsION MODEL

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2011年第2期23卷 247-257页

作者： RUDRAIAH N. DEVARAJU N. ng Chiu-On UGC-CAs in Fluid Mechanics Department of Mathematics Bangalore University Bangalore-560 001 India National Research Institute for Applied Mathematics (NRIAM) Bangalore-560 070 India Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong

Under the effects of electric field and chemical reaction, the problem of dispersion of aerosols in a poorly conducting fluid in a channel is solved analytically us.ng the mixture theory together with a regular perturbation technique. It is shown that the aerosols are dispersed relative to a plane moving with the mean speed of atmospheric fluid as well as the mean speed of agglomeration of aerosol with a relative diffusion coefficient, called the Taylor dispersion coefficient. This coefficient is numerically computed and the results reveal that it increases with an increase in the electric number, but decreases with increas.ng porous parameter. The physical explanations for the phenomena are given in this article.

关键词： dispersion aerosols electrohydrodynamics mixture theory

Merging bound states in the continuum in an open acoustic resonator

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science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 124-131页

作者： Lujun Huang Bin Jia Artem s.Pilipchuk sibo Huang Chen shen Almas F.sadreev Yong Li Andrey E.Miroshnichenko school of Physics and Electronic sciences East China Normal University Institute of Acoustics Tongji University L.V.Kirensky Institute of Physics Department of Mechanical Engineering Rowan University school of Engineering and Technology University of New South Wales at Canberra

Bound states in the continuum （BICs） are perfectly localized resonances despite embedding in the continuum ***,an isolated BIC is very sensitive to the structure ***,we report merging acoustic BICs in a s.ngle open resonator,robust against the structure *** find that both symmetry-protected BIC and Friedrich-Wintgen BIC are sustained in a s.ngle coupled waveguide-resonator *** varying the height and length of the resonator,these two BICs move toward each other and merge into a s.ngle one at a critical *** to an individual BIC,the merged BIC is robust against fabrication error because its Q-factor is proportional to ΔL-4,whereΔL embodies the structure *** essence of this extraordinary phenomenon is perfectly explained by the two-and three-level approximations of the effective nonHermitian ***,we present direct experimental demonstrations of the moving and merging of BICs in a coupled 3D waveguide-resonator,which are evidenced by the vanishing of the linewidth of Fano resonance in the transmission *** results may find exciting applications in designing high-quality acoustic sources,sensors and filters.

关键词： acoustic resonances bound state in the continuum high-Q resonances

Evaluation of solubility of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ethyl lactate/water versus ethanol/water mixtures for contaminated soil remediation applications

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1064-1075页

作者： Chiew Lin Yap suyin Gan Hoon Kiat ng Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Mechanical Materials and Manufacturing Engineering The University of Nottingham l~lalaysia Campus Jalan Broga 43500 Semenyih Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

solubility data of recalcitrant contaminants in cosolvents is essential to determine their potential applications in enhanced soil *** solubilities of phenanthrene,anthracene,fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene in ethyl lactate/water and ethanol/water mixtures were measured us.ng equilibrium *** cosolvency powers derived from solubility data were then applied to the model developed from the solvophobic approach to predict the capability of ethyl lactate and ethanol in enhancing the desorption of contaminants from *** ethyl lactate and ethanol cosolvents were shown to be able to enhance the solubilisation of the tested four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by 〉 4 orders of magnitude above the levels obtained with water ***,ethyl lactate demonstrated a greater capacity to enhance PAH solubility than *** cosolvency powers of ethyl lactate/water system obtained from the end-to-end slope （σ） and the end-to-half slope （σ 0.5） of the solubilisation curve were 1.0-1.5 and 2.0-2.9 higher than ethanol/water system *** line with this,ethyl lactate/water was demonstrated to enhance the desorption of contaminants from soil by 20%-37% and 18%-61% higher compared to ethanol/water system in low organic content and high organic content soils respectively,with a 2：1 （V/W） ratio of solution：soil and with cosolvent fraction as low as *** the exception of benzo[a]pyrene,the experimental desorption results agreed fairly with the predicted values,under an applied solution：soil ratio that was enough to hold the capacity of released contaminants.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon solubility desorption ethyl lactate ethanol

Targeting harmful effects of non-excitatory amino acids as an alternative therapeutic strategy to reduce ischemic damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2454-2463页

作者： Victoria Jiménez Carretero IrisÁlvarez-Merz Jorge Hernández-Campano sergei A.Kirov Jesús M.Hernández-Guijo Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic School of MedicineUniv.Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research(IRYCIs) Neurobiology-Research ServiceHospital Ramón y CajalMadridSpain Institute of Neurobiology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine&Department of Neurosurgery Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

The involvement of the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate in ce rebral ischemia and excitotoxicity is ***,the role of non-excitatory amino acids in brain damage following a stroke or brain trauma remains largely *** release of amino acids by necrotic cells in the ischemic core may contribute to the expansion of the *** findings indicated that the reversible loss of field excitato ry postsynaptic potentials caused by transient hypoxia became irreversible when exposed to a mixture of just four non-excitatory amino acids(L-alanine,glycine,L-glutamine,and L-serine)at their plasma *** amino acids induce swelling in the somas of neurons and astrocytes during hypoxia,along with permanent dendritic damage mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate *** N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors prevented neuronal damage in the presence of these amino acids during *** is likely that astroglial swelling caused by the accumulation of these amino acids via the alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 2 exchanger and system N transporters activates volume-regulated anion channels,leading to the release of excitotoxins and subsequent neuronal damage through N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor ***,previously unrecognized mechanisms involving non-excitatory amino acids may contribute to the progression and expansion of brain injury in neurological emergencies such as stroke and traumatic brain *** these pathways co uld highlight new therapeutic targets to mitigate brain injury.

关键词： cell swelling N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor non-excitatory amino acids stroke synaptic transmission

Risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in Chinese undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention treated with potent P2Y12 inhibitor versus clopidogrel

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stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第4期7卷 310-318,I0015-I0019页

作者： Andrew Kei-Yan ng Pauline Yeung ng April Ip Kui Kai Lau Chung-Wah siu Cardiac Medical Unit Grantham HospitalHong KongHong Kong Department of Adult Intensive Care Queen Mary HospitalHong KongHong Kong Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong The state Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive sciences The University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong

Background stroke after acute coronary syndrome(ACs)can be *** is uncertain whether the risks of ischaemic stroke or intracranial haemorrhage(ICH)are associated with different choices of P2Y12 inhibitors(potent P2Y12 inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel vs clopidogrel).Even though East Asians are known to have different thrombotic and haemorrhagic profiles from Caucasians,data on Chinese patients are *** This was a retrospective cohort study conducting in Chinese patients with ACs who underwent first-ever percutaneous coronary intervention from 14 hospitals in Hong Kong between 2010 and *** primary efficacy endpoint was ischaemic *** secondary efficacy endpoint was a composite outcome of thrombotic events including all-cause mortality,non-fatal myocardial infarction and ischaemic *** primary safety endpoint was *** secondary safety endpoint was a composite of major bleeding *** After adjustment of baseline characteristics by 1:1 propensity score matching,a total of 6220 patients(3110 on each group)were *** with clopidogrel,potent P2Y12 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of ischaemic stroke(HR 0.57;95%CI 0.37 to 0.87;p=0.008)and a lower risk of thrombotic events(HR 0.77;95%CI 0.66 to 0.90;p=0.001).Potent P2Y12 inhibitor was associated with similar risk of ICH(HR 0.65;95%CI 0.34 to 1.25,p=0.20)and major bleeding(HR 0.83;95%CI 0.68 to 1.01,p=0.069).Conclusions Potent P2Y12 inhibitors were associated with a lower adjusted risk of ischaemic stroke and thrombotic events,compared with *** risks of ICH and major bleeding were similar.

关键词： P2Y12 coronary haemorrhagic

Experimental investigation of the effect of flow turbulence and sediment transport patterns on the adsorption of cadmium ions onto sediment particles

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2007年第6期19卷 696-703页

作者： HUAng sui-liang ng Chiu-on GUO Qi-zhong Numerical simulation Group for Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Deptartment of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rutgers State University of New Jersey 623 Bowser Road Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

The mechanism of flow turbulence, sediment supply conditions, and sediment transport patterns that affect the adsorption of cadmium ions onto sediment particles in natural waters are experimentally simulated and studied both in batch reactors and in a turbulence simulation tank. By changing the agitation conditions, the sediment transport in batch reactors can be categorized into bottom sediment-dominated sediment and suspended sediment-dominated sediment. It is found that the adsorption rate of bottom sediment is much less than that of suspended sediment, but the sediment transport pattern does not affect the final （equilibrium） concentration of dissolved cadmium. This result indicates that the parameters of an adsorption isotherm are the same regardless of the sediment transport pattern. In the turbulence simulation tank, the turbulence is generated by harmonic grid-stirred motions, and the turbulence intensity is quantified in terms of eddy diffusivity, which is equal to 9.84F （F is the harmonic vibration frequency） and is comparable to natural surface water conditions. When the turbulence intensity of flow is low and sediment particles stay as bottom sediment, the adsorption rate is significantly low, and the adsorption quantity compared with that of suspended sediment is negligible in the 6 h duration of the experiment. This result greatly favors the simplification of the numerical modeling of heavy metal pollutant transformation in natural rivers. When the turbulence intensity is high but bottom sediment persists, the rate and extent of descent of the dissolved cadmium concentration in the tank noticeably increase, and the time that is required to reach adsorption equilibrium also increases considerably due to the continuous exchange that occurs between the suspended sediment and the bottom sediment. A comparison of the results of the experiments in the batch reactor and those in the turbulence simulation tank reveals that the adsorption ability of the sedimen

关键词： water flow sediment transport pollutant interactions turbulence, adsorption