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Experimental investigation on combustion and emission characteristics of reactivity controlled compression ignition engine powered with iso-propanol/biodiesel blends

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Propulsion and Power Research 2022年第2期11卷 224-239页

作者： Müjdat Fırat s¸ehmus Altun Mutlu Okcu Yasin Varola Department of Automotive Engineering Fırat UniversityElazıg23119Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Batman UniversityBatman72100Turkey Department of Electrical-Electronic Engineering Ardahan UniversityArdahan75002Turkey

Recently, reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) has been proposed inorder to achieve a higher thermal efficiency with lower emissions than conventional combustion. In RCCI mode, as the fuel types and their combinations affects the reactivity stratificationinside cylinder, thus combustion control, in present study, iso-propanol was evaluated as lowreactivity fuel (LRF) when petroleum diesel, commercial biodiesel and their blends were highreactivity fuels. It is of great importance that iso-propanol and biodiesel be used together inRCCI mode, as they significantly affect the in-cylinder stratification due to their high octane/cetane number. Therefore, the reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustioncharacteristics was investigated in a diesel research engine using iso-propanol, petroleumdiesel, biodiesel and their blends as fuels. Tests were conducted on varying loadings (from20% to 60% of max torque) and premixed ratios of LRF (Rp Z 0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, and0.60) at a constant engine speed of 2400 rpm. Results, which were compared with conventionaldiesel combustion (CDC), showed that, as the premixed ratio (Rp) of low-reactivity fuel (isopropanol) increased, ignition delay (ID) period prolonged while combustion duration (CD) and rate of pressure rise (RoPR) reduced assisted to reduce nO emissions and smoke opacity in theexhaust. nO and smoke opacity reduced simultaneously for biodiesel-propanol combinationsup to 40% under 20% load and 0.60 premixed ratio of LRF compared to CDC. Propanol premixed ratio of 0.30 at 60% load was found to be optimum concerning lowest emissions. In conventional mode, HC emissions reduced by up to 52% when biodiesel and its blends with dieselfuel are used, whereas they increased significantly in RCCI mode. According to overall results,it is concluded that RCCI performed better than CDC at entire load.

关键词： Reactivity controlled compression ignition(RCCI) Propanol Biodiesel Combustion Emissions

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Exercised blood plasma promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in the Alzheimer's disease rat brain

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Journal of sport and Health science 2024年第2期13卷 245-255页

作者： Cecilie skarstad norevik Aleksi M.Huuha Ragnhild n.RФsbjФrgen Linda Hildegard Bergersen Kamilla Jacobsen Rodrigo Miguel-dos-santos Liv Ryan Belma skender Jose Bianco n.Moreira Asgeir Kobro-Flatmoen Menno P.Witter nathan scrimgeour Atefe R.Tari Cardiac Exercise Research Group(CERG) Department of Circulation and Medical ImagingNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Department of neurology and Clinical neurophysiology St.Olavs University Hospital7030TrondheimNorway Institute of Oral Biology University of Oslo0372OsloNorway Department of Physiology Federal University of SergipeS~ao Cristov~ao49100-000SergipeBrazil Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Kavli Institute for systems neuroscience Centre for Neural Computationand Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical MicrocircuitsNorwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway K.G.Jebsen Centre for Alzheimer’s Disease Norwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway

Background:Exercise training promotes brain plasticity and is associated with protection against cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease(AD).These beneficial effects may be partly mediated by blood-borne *** we used an in vitro model of AD to investigate effects of blood plasma from exercise-trained donors on neuronal viability,and an in vivo rat model of AD to test whether such plasma impacts cognitive function,amyloid pathology,and ***:Mouse hippocampal neuronal cells were exposed to AD-like stress using amyloid-βand treated with plasma collected from human male donors 3 h after a single bout of high-intensity *** in vivo studies,blood was collected from exercise-trained young male Wistar rats(high-intensity intervals 5 days/week for 6 weeks).Transgenic AD rats(McGill-R-Thyl-APP)were inj ected 5 times/fortnight for 6 weeks at2 months or 5 months of age with either(a)plasma from the exercise-trained rats,(b)plasma from sedentary rats,or(c)*** function,amyloid plaque pathology,and neurogenesis were *** plasma used for the treatment was analyzed for 23 ***:Plasma from exercised donors enhanced cell viability by 44.1%(p=0.032)and reduced atrophy by 50.0%(pn amyloid-β-treated *** vivo exercised plasma treatment did not alter cognitive function or amyloid plaque pathology but did increase hippocampal neurogenesis by~3 fold,regardless of pathological stage,when compared to saline-treated *** of 7 cytokines were significantly reduced in exercised plasma compared to sedentary ***:Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that plasma from exercise-trained donors can protect neuronal cells in culture and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the AD rat *** effect may be partly due to reduced pro-inflammatory signaling molecules in exercised plasma.

关键词： Cytokines High-intensity interval training Inflammation neurons Plasma transfusion

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Role of oxidative stress on growth responses of spring barley exposed to different environmental stressors

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第6期8卷 605-616页

作者： Giedrė Kacienė Jūratė Žaltauskaitė Eglė Milčė Romualdas Juknys Department of Environmental sciences Vytautas Magnus UniversityVileikos Street 8-223LT-44404 KaunasLithuania

Aims oxidative stress is one of the most important mechanisms in a plant’s reaction to the effects of different stressors;however,its role in plants’resistance is still poorly *** objective of this study is to evaluate an influence of oxidative stress induced by stress factors of different origin-ozone,ultraviolet(uV)-b radia-tion,drought,cadmium(Cd)and copper(Cu),to growth of spring barley and to check the hypothesis,that intensification of oxidative stress is the main factor of growth depression induced by strong treatments of different stressors;meanwhile,mitigation of oxidative stress determines eustress-induced growth *** a pot experiment was carried out in phytotron chambers with a controlled *** barley(Hordeum vulgare l.)plants were exposed to different doses of investigated environmental stress factors(O_(3),uV-b radiation,drought,Cd and Cu),and their effects on shoots growth,accumulation of superoxide(O_(2)^(˙−)),intensification of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative protection(superoxide dismutase,glutathione reductase and catalase activi-ties and concentration of carotenoids)were *** of variance(anoVa)with classical eta-squared(η2)values was used to evaluate and to compare the contribution of non-specific oxi-dative stress and stressor-specific mechanisms on plants *** Findingslow doses of most stressors stimulated antioxidative protection and growth of barley shoots,reduced the concentration of o2˙−and/or intensity of lipid *** an impair-ment of growth and intensification of oxidative stress as well as a reduction in concentration of carotenoids and further increase in activity of antioxidative enzymes were noticed when the intensity of the stressors was *** the cases of ozone and uV-b stress,the effects of oxidative stress on plant growth was mitigated by strong antioxidative protection-highly increased catalase(CaT)and superoxide dismutase(sOD)activities,res

关键词： plant stress environmental stress factors superoxide lipid peroxidation eustress distress

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novel electrospun poly-hydroxybutyrate scaffolds as carriers for the wound healing agents alkannins and shikonins

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第3期8卷 94-109页

作者： Athanasios s.Arampatzis Konstantina Giannakoula Konstantinos n.Kontogiannopoulos Konstantinos Theodoridis Eleni Aggelidou Angelique rat Elli Kampasakali Anne Willems Dimitrios Christofilos Aristeidis Kritis Vassilios P.Papageorgiou Ioannis Tsivintzelis Andreana n.Assimopoulou Laboratory of Organic Chemistry School of Chemical EngineeringAristotle University of Thessaloniki(AUTh)Thessaloniki 54124Greece natural Products Research Centre of Excellence(natPro-AUTh) Center of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki(CIRI-AUTh)Thessaloniki 57001Greece Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of MedicineFaculty of Health SciencesAristotle University of Thessaloniki(AUTh)ThessalonikiGreece Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of SciencesGhent UniversityGhent 9000Belgium Faculty of Engineering School of Chemical Engineering and Physics LaboratoryAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece Physical Chemistry Laboratory School of Chemical EngineeringAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of novel electrospun fiber mats loaded with alkannin and shikonin(A/s)derivatives,using as carrier a highly biocompatible,bio-derived,ecofriendly polymer such as poly[(R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid](PHB).PHB fibers containing a mixture of A/s derivatives at different ratios were successfully fabricated via *** evidenced by scanning electron microscopy,the fibers formed a bead-free mesh with average diameters from 1.25 to 1.47 *** measurements suggest that electrospinning marginally increases the amorphous content of the predominantly crystalline PHB in the fibers,while a significant drug amount lies near the fiber surface for samples of high total A/s *** scaffolds displayed satisfactory characteristics,with the lower concentrations of A/s mixture-loaded PHB fiber mats achieving higher porosity,water uptake ratios,and entrapment *** in vitro dissolution studies revealed that all samples released more than 70%of the encapsulated drug after 72 *** PHB scaffolds tested by cell viability assay were proven non-toxic for Hs27 fibroblasts,with the 0.15 wt.%sample favoring cell attachment,spreading onto the scaffold surface,as well as cell ***,the antimicrobial activity of PHB meshes loaded with A/s mixture was documented for staphylococcus epidermidis and ***.

关键词： electrospinning polyhydroxyalkanoates alkannin shikonin wound healing

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Agmatine ameliorates diabetes type 2-induced nephropathy in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第1期14卷 8-16页

作者： Fatemah O.Kamel Ohoud shagroud Mai AAlim A.sattar Ahmad Gamal s Abd El-Aziz Abdulhadi s.Burzangi Duaa Bakhshwin Maha Jamal shahid Karim Department of Clinical Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Objective:To assess the nephroprotective potential of agmatine in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic ***:A single dose of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg)coupled with a fructose diet induced diabetes in Wistar ***(40 and 80 mg/kg)was administered to rats for 12 *** body weight and fasting blood glucose were measured *** level,urine output,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C were also determined at the end of the ***,superoxide dismutase,glutathione,interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were evaluated in kidney *** study was also performed using hematoxylin and eosin ***:Agmatine at both doses significantly increased final body weight,and lowered fasting blood glucose,urine output,insulin,total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,creatinine,and cystatin-C levels compared with the diabetic group(Pnflammatory markers and antioxidant effect were significantly improved in agmatine-treated ***,the histopathological changes in renal structure were ameliorated by agmatine ***:Agmatine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by improving renal functions and reducing inflammation and oxidative *** molecular mechanisms of its nephroprotective actions need to be investigated in future study.

关键词： Agmatine Type 2 diabetes nephropathy Oxidative stress nephroprotection

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MicroRnA-630:A promising avenue for alleviating inflammation in diabetic kidney disease

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1398-1403页

作者： Javier Donate-Correa Ainhoa González-Luis Jésica Díaz-Vera Juan Ramón Hernandez-Fernaud Research Unit University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria(UHNSC)Santa Cruz de Tenerife 38010Spain Department of Biochemistry MicrobiologyCell Biology and GeneticsInstituto de Tecnologías BiomédicasUniversidad de La LagunaSanta Cruz de Tenerife 38000Spain

Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is one of the complications of diabetes,affecting millions of people *** relentless progression of this condition can lead to kidney failure,requiring life-altering interventions such as dialysis or *** evidence suggests that immunologic and inflammatory elements play an important role in initiating and perpetuating the damage inflicted on renal tissues,exacerbating the decline in organ ***-like receptors(TLRs)are a family of receptors that play a role in the activation of the innate immune system by the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular *** data from in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the critical role of TLRs,mainly TLR2 and TLR4,in the pathogenesis of *** the diabetic milieu,these TLRs recognize diabetic-associated molecular signals,triggering a proinflammatory cascade that initiates and perpetuates inflammation and fibrogenesis in the diabetic *** non-traditional strategies targeting TLR signaling with potential therapeutic implications in DKD have been *** of these approaches is the use of microRnAs,small non-coding RnAs that can regulate gene *** editorial comments on the results of this approach carried out in a rat model of diabetes by Wu et al,published in this issue of the World Journal of *** results of the experimental study by Wu et al shows that microRnA-630 decreased levels compared to non-diabetic ***,microRnA-630 exerted anti-inflammatory effects in the kidneys of diabetic rats through the modulation of *** findings indicate that the microRnA-630/TLR4 axis might represent a pathological mechanism of DKD and a potential therapeutic target capable of curbing the destructive inflammation characteristic of DKD.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic kidney disease Inflammation Toll-like receptor 4 microRnA-630

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Prediction of Geopolymer Concrete Compressive strength Using Convolutional neural networks

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第5期139卷 1455-1486页

作者： Kolli Ramujee Pooja sadula Golla Madhu sandeep Kautish Abdulaziz s.Almazyad Guojiang Xiong Ali Wagdy Mohamed Department of Civil Engineering VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabadTelangana500090India Department of Information Technology VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and TechnologyHyderabadTelangana500090India Department of Computer science LBEF Campus(Asia Pacific University of Technology&InnovationMalaysia)Kathmandu44600Nepal Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 51178Riyadh11543Saudi Arabia Guizhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology in Power system College of Electrical EngineeringGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Operations Research Department Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical ResearchCairo UniversityGiza12613Egypt Applied science Research Center Applied Science Private UniversityAmmanJordan

Geopolymer concrete emerges as a promising avenue for sustainable development and offers an effective solution to environmental *** attributes as a non-toxic,low-carbon,and economical substitute for conventional cement concrete,coupled with its elevated compressive strength and reduced shrinkage properties,position it as a pivotal material for diverse applications spanning from architectural structures to transportation *** this context,this study sets out the task of using machine learning(ML)algorithms to increase the accuracy and interpretability of predicting the compressive strength of geopolymer concrete in the civil engineering *** achieve this goal,a new approach using convolutional neural networks(Cnns)has been *** study focuses on creating a comprehensive dataset consisting of compositional and strength parameters of 162 geopolymer concrete mixes,all containing Class F fly *** selection of optimal input parameters is guided by two distinct *** first criterion leverages insights garnered from previous research on the influence of individual features on compressive *** second criterion scrutinizes the impact of these features within the model’s predictive *** to enhancing the Cnn model’s performance is the meticulous determination of the optimal *** a systematic trial-and-error process,the study ascertains the ideal number of epochs for data division and the optimal value of k for k-fold cross-validation—a technique vital to the model’s *** model’s predictive prowess is rigorously assessed via a suite of performance metrics and comprehensive score ***,the model’s adaptability is gauged by integrating a secondary dataset into its predictive framework,facilitating a comparative evaluation against conventional prediction *** unravel the intricacies of the Cnn model’s learning trajectory,a loss plot is deployed to elucidate its learning rat

关键词： Class F fly ash compressive strength geopolymer concrete prediction deep learning convolutional neural network

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Wireless sequential dual light delivery for programmed PDT in vivo

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1047-1061页

作者： Jiayi Liu Bowen sun Wenkai Li Han-Joon Kim shu Uin Gan John s.Ho Juwita norasmara Bte Rahmat Yong Zhang Department of Oncology The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011China Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117585Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117576Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Design and EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore117583Singapore Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering Kumoh National Institute of TechnologyGumi39253Republic of Korea Department of surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore119228Singapore The n.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore117456Singapore Institute for Health Innovation and Technology National University of SingaporeSingapore119276Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringCity University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong SARChina

Using photodynamic therapy(PDT)to treat deep-seated cancers is limited due to inefficient delivery of photosensitizers and low tissue penetration of *** nanocarriers are widely used for photosensitizer delivery,while the self-quenching of the encapsulated photosensitizers would impair the PDT ***,the generated short-lived reactive oxygen spieces(ROs)can hardly diffuse out of nanocarriers,resulting in low PDT ***,a smart nanocarrier system which can be degraded by light,followed by photosensitizer activation can potentially overcome these limitations and enhance the PDT efficacy.A light-sensitive polymer nanocarrier encapsulating photosensitizer(RB-M)was *** implantable wireless dual wavelength microLED device which delivers the two light wavelengths sequentially was developed to programmatically control the release and activation of the loaded *** transmitter coils with matching resonant frequencies allow activation of the connected LEDs to emit different wavelengths *** irradiation time,dose,and RB-M concentration were determined using an agent-based digital simulation *** vitro and in vivo validation experiments in an orthotopic rat liver hepatocellular carcinoma disease model confirmed that the nanocarrier rupture and sequential low dose light irradiation strategy resulted in successful PDT at reduced photosensitizer and irradiation dose,which is a clinically significant event that enhances treatment safety.

关键词： PDT overcome hardly

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Rocahepevirus ratti: An underrecognised cause of acute hepatitis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1084-1090页

作者： George s Gherlan Department of Infectious Diseases “Carol Davila”University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharest 050474Romania

Zoonoses are responsible for many of all emerging infectious diseases as well as for those already *** ratti is a rat-originated virus related to the hepatitis E virus(Paslahepevirus balayani)but highly divergent genetically from this,with a high cross-species infection potential and zoonotic *** can infect humans,leading to acute hepatitis,and is primarily transmitted through the consumption of contaminated *** ratti was first discovered in Germany in *** first human case was described in 2017 in Hong Kong in an immune-compromised *** first case of chronic infection with Rocahep-evirus ratti was described in 2023.A meta-analysis based on 38 studies published between 2000 and 2023 identified 21 cases in humans described up to this date and 489 infections in different *** awareness regarding this virus is essential,as there are probably many cases that remain undiagnosed,and the virus even has the ability to produce chronic infections in selected patients.

关键词： Hepatitis Rocahepevirus ratti rats Zoonoses Hepeviridae Liver

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silk-based nerve guidance conduits with macroscopic holes modulate the vascularization of regenerating rat sciatic nerve

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1789-1800页

作者： Carina Hromada Patrick Heimel Markus Kerbl LászlóGál sylvia nürnberger Barbara schaedl James Ferguson nicole swiadek Xavier Monforte Johannes C.Heinzel Antal nógrádi Andreas H.Teuschl-Woller David Hercher Department Life science Engineering University of Applied Sciences Technikum WienViennaAustria Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration ViennaAustria Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVAViennaAustria University Clinic of Dentistry Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic SurgeryLandesklinikum Wiener Neustadt2700 Wiener NeustadtAustria Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Medical University of Vienna Department of Orthopedics and Trauma SurgeryDevision of Trauma SurgeryViennaAustria Department of Hand- PlasticReconstructive and Burn SurgeryBG Unfallklinik TuebingenUniversity of TuebingenTuebingenGermany

Peripheral nerve injuries induce a severe motor and sensory deficit. since the availability of autologous nerve transplants for nerve repair is very limited, alternative treatment strategies are sought, including the use of tubular nerve guidance conduits(tnGCs). However, the use of tnGCs results in poor functional recovery and central necrosis of the regenerating tissue, which limits their application to short nerve lesion defects(typically shorter than 3 cm). Given the importance of vascularization in nerve regeneration, we hypothesized that enabling the growth of blood vessels from the surrounding tissue into the regenerating nerve within the tnGC would help eliminate necrotic processes and lead to improved regeneration. In this study, we reported the application of macroscopic holes into the tubular walls of silk-based tnGCs and compared the various features of these improved silk^(+) tnGCs with the tubes without holes(silk^(–) tnGCs) and autologous nerve transplants in an 8-mm sciatic nerve defect in rats. Using a combination of micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, we were able to prove that the use of silk^(+) tnGCs induced the growth of blood vessels from the adjacent tissue to the intraluminal neovascular formation. A significantly higher number of blood vessels in the silk^(+) group was found compared with autologous nerve transplants and silk^(–), accompanied by improved axon regeneration at the distal coaptation point compared with the silk^(–) tnGCs at 7 weeks postoperatively. In the 15-mm(critical size) sciatic nerve defect model, we again observed a distinct ingrowth of blood vessels through the tubular walls of silk^(+) tnGCs, but without improved functional recovery at 12 weeks postoperatively. Our data proves that macroporous tnGCs increase the vascular supply of regenerating nerves and facilitate improved axonal regeneration in a short-defect model but not in a critical-size defect model. This study suggests that further optimizatio

关键词： axon regeneration blood vessel functional recovery macroporous nerve lesion peripheral nerve repair sciatic nerve silk-based nerve guidance conduit vascularization

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