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Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

首届中国民族聚居区建筑文化遗产国际研讨会

作者： M.M.ADHIkARY s.k.acharya Department of Agricultural Extension Bidhan Chandra krishi Viswavidyalaya

The rate of urbanization in India is having a spate against each week *** rural areas in India are undergoing the process of agricultural modernization vis-à-vis urbanization and are displaying a unique case to study the rubranisation *** rate of urbanization in India is ranging from 20 per cent to 60 per cent to depict the scale and panorama of the very *** entry of hybrid seed,modern agricultural implements,television,and cable network,information technology（IT） inputs,and highway networking have transformed the pristine rural life into a complex rubranite life *** paper is examining the impact of this urbanization process in a typical rubranite township,kalyani,just 55 kilometers away from a huge city,*** tribal population of this township is now in the process of modernizing their traditional thatches in to a pucca building（concrete house structure）.And in doing this,they are accessing electricity,refrigeration system,motor bikes,television,fan,and modern toilet *** changes in the architecture followed in these modern houses are *** classical designs of earth work are now transcripted into cement work,while the erstwhile life patterns have been *** participatory rural appraisal（PRA） tools used in this study would certainly reveal the reasons and factors of these architectural changes that happening in a response to this urbanization *** of the PRA tools used here are Matrix Ranking,Venn diagram,Time Trend and Time Line Analysis,Causal Diagram to elaborately describe the pattern,direction,and dimension of changes.

关键词： Urbanization process urbanization process rubranite process Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) Architectural change vernacular dwelling Matrix Ranking Venn diagram Time Line Analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Revisiting cerebral endothelial cells in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2911-2912页

作者： Amira s.Hanafy Department of Neurosurgery University Hospital BonnBonnGermany

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by slow and progressive decline of cognitive and memory *** only approximately 5%of the cases,AD is familial,as often predisposed by genetic mutations(Hoogmartens et al.,2021),while sporadic AD accounts for approximately 95%of the *** amyloid cascade hypothesis is one of the fundamental hypotheses put out to explain AD pathogenesis as dysregulated homeostasis of amyloid-β(Aβ)peptides that leads to the accumulation of Aβplaques in the parenchyma,an anatomical hallmark of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer Aβ cerebral

Emerging structures and dynamic mechanisms ofγ-secretase for Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 174-180页

作者： Yinglong Miao Michael s.Wolfe Computational Medicine Program and Department of Pharmacology University of North Carolina–Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA

γ-secretase,called“the proteasome of the membrane,”is a membrane-embedded protease complex that cleaves 150+peptide substrates with central roles in biology and medicine,including amyloid precursor protein and the Notch family of cell-surface *** inγ-secretase and amyloid precursor protein lead to early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease.γ-secretase has thus served as a critical drug target for treating familial Alzheimer’s disease and the more common late-onset Alzheimer’s disease as ***,critical gaps remain in understanding the mechanisms of processive proteolysis of substrates,the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,and allosteric modulation of substrate cleavage byγ-*** this review,we focus on recent studies of structural dynamic mechanisms ofγ-*** mechanisms,including the“Fit-stay-Trim,”“sliding-Unwinding,”and“Tilting-Unwinding,”have been proposed for substrate proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein byγ-secretase based on all-atom molecular dynamics *** an incorrect registry of the Notch1 substrate was identified in the cryo-electron microscopy structure of Notch1-boundγ-secretase,molecular dynamics simulations on a resolved model of Notch1-boundγ-secretase that was reconstructed using the amyloid precursor protein-boundγ-secretase as a template successfully capturedγ-secretase activation for proper cleavages of both wildtype and mutant Notch,being consistent with biochemical experimental *** approach could be potentially applied to decipher the processing mechanisms of various substrates byγ-*** addition,controversy over the effects of familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations,particularly the issue of whether they stabilize or destabilizeγ-secretase-substrate complexes,is ***,an outlook is provided for future studies ofγ-secretase,including pathways of substrate binding and product release,effects of modulators on familial Alzheimer’s disease mutations

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid precursor protein cryo-EM structures drug design intramembrane proteolysis molecular dynamics Notch

Complementary roles of glial cells in generating region-specific neuroinflammatory responses and phagocytosis in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2917-2918页

作者： Leyre Ayerra Maria s.Aymerich Universidad de Navarra Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Bioquímica y GenéticaPamplonaSpain CIMA-Universidad de Navarra PamplonaSpain IdisNA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplonaSpain

Neuroinflammation is associated with Parkinson’s disease:Reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation are hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease(PD),a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic *** has long been considered a mere consequence of neuronal loss,but whether it promotes PD or is a key player in disease progression remains to be *** leukocyte antigen.

关键词： inflammation leukocyte generating

Unveiling the impact:COVID-19's influence on bacterial resistance in the kingdom of Bahrain

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 83-98页

作者： Nermin k saeed safiya k Almusawi Noor A Albalooshi Mohammed Al-Beltagi Medical Microbiology section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexGovernmental HospitalsManama 12Bahrain Medical Microbiology section Department of PathologyRoyal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of BahrainBusaiteen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Paediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatric University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671AlgharbiaBahrain

BACkGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat,and understanding local trends in bacterial isolates and their susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective infection control and antimicrobial *** coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has introduced additional complexities,potentially influencing these *** To analyze trends in bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns at salmaniya Medical Complex from 2018 to 2023,with a specific focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these *** A retrospective analysis of microbiological data was conducted,covering the period from 2018 to *** study included key bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli(***),klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and staphylococcus aureus,among *** antibiotic susceptibility profiles of these isolates were assessed using standard laboratory *** contextualize the findings,the findings were compared with similar studies from other regions,including China,India,Romania,saudi Arabia,the United Arab Emirates,Malaysia,and United *** The study revealed fluctuating trends in the prevalence of bacterial isolates,with notable changes during the COVID-19 *** example,a significant increase in the prevalence of staphylococcus aureus was observed during the pandemic years,while the prevalence of *** showed a more variable *** resistance rates varied among the different pathogens,with a concerning rise in resistance to commonly used antibiotics,particularly among klebsiella pneumoniae and ***,the study identified an alarming increase in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant(MDR)strains,especially within klebsiella pneumoniae and *** *** impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these trends was evident,with shifts in the frequency,resistance patterns,and the emergence of MDR bacteria among several key ***

关键词： Multidrug-resistant organisms Antibiotic susceptibility COVID-19 pandemic Antimicrobial stewardship Bacterial isolates salmaniya Medical Complex Bahrain

Non-coding RNAs and stem cells:the dream team for neural regeneration in Parkinson’s disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 2017-2018页

作者： shubhra acharya Andrew I.Lumley Yvan Devaux Cardiovascular Research Unit Department of Population HealthLuxembourg Institute of HealthL-1445 StrassenLuxembourg Faculty of science Technology and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgL-4365 Esch-sur-AlzetteLuxembourg

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a widely spread neurodegenerative movement disorder,affecting approximately 10 million people *** is primarily caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra,which causes decreased secretion of dopamine leading to tremors,bradykinesia and rigid muscle *** development of PD is complex and needs to be better *** treatment strategies primarily involve targeting disease symptoms,however,since there is a continuous loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain,PD appears to be ***,treatment strategies often carry severe side effects related to dopamine production,where too little or too much can cause debilitating issues such as *** pool of neural stem/progenitor cells(NsCs)located in sub-ventricular zone and hippocampal dentate gyrus,proliferate and are responsible to give rise to neurons and glia in response to any cellular *** this activation of NsCs is highly regulated,it is insufficient to overcome the loss of dopaminergic neurons in *** this line,non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are involved in the underlying mechanisms of PD and are known to have important functional roles in neural regeneration(acharya et al.,2020).Thus,the study of ncRNAs in NsC activation and adult neurogenesis post PD development is an extremely attractive area of research with significant clinical application potential.

关键词： neural primarily overcome

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may not be a severe disease at presentation among Asian Indians

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第21期12卷 3400-3405页

作者： kaushal Madan Yogesh Batra s Datta Gupta Bal Chander k D Anand Rajan M s Tewatia s k Panda s.k.acharya Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical sciences New DelhiIndia Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical sciences New DelhiIndia Department of PathologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical sciences New DelhiIndia

AIM： To evaluate the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） and to assess their histological severity at ***： Consecutive patients presenting to the liver clinic of All India Institute of Medical sciences （AIIMs） with raised transaminases to at least 1.5 times upper limit of normal, and histologically confirmed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were included. Patients who had significant alcohol intake or positive markers of other liver diseases or who were taking drugs known to produce fatty liver were excluded. The clinical, biochemical and histological profile of this group was studied. REsULTs： Fifty-one patients with NAFLD formed the study population. Their median age and BMI were 34（17-58） years and 26.7（21.3-32.5） kg/m^2 respectively and 46 （90.1%） were males. The majority of the patients had mild inflammation, either grade 1 [32 （63%）] or grade 2 [16 （31%）] and only 3 （6%） patients had severe （grade 3） inflammation. Twenty-three （45%）, 19 （37%）, 8（16%） and 1（2%） patient had stage 0, 1, 2 and 3 fibrosis respectively on index biopsy and none had cirrhosis. On univariate analysis, triglyceride levels more than 150 mg % （OR = 7.1; 95% CI： 1.6-31.5, P = 0.002） and AsT ALT ratio 〉 1 （OR = 14.3; 95% CI： 1.4-678.5, P = 0.008） were associated with high grades of inflammation and none was associated with advanced fibrosis. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, hypertriglyceridemia 〉150 mg% was the only factor independently associated with presence of high grade of inflammation （OR = 1.6; 95% CI： 1.3-22.7, P =0.02）, while none was associated with advanced fibrosis. Triglyceride levels correlated positively with inflammatory grade （r = 0.412; P = 0.003）. CONCLUsION： NAFLD in North Indian patients is a disease of young over-weight males, most of whom are insulin resistant and they tend to have a mild histological disease at presentation.

关键词： Inflammation Fibrosis Triglycerides Non alcoholic steatohepatitis

High affinity mouse-human chimeric Fab against Hepatitis B surface antigen

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第48期11卷 7569-7578页

作者： Biplab Bose Navin khanna subrat k acharya subrata sinha Department of Biochemistry International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Department of Gastroenterology

AIM： Passive immunotherapy using antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） has been advocated in certain cases of Hepatitis B infection. We had earlier reported on the cloning and expression of a high affinity scFv derived from a mouse monoclonal （5s） against HBsAg. However this mouse antibody cannot be used for therapeutic purposes as it may elicit anti-mouse immune responses. Chimerization by replacing mouse constant domains with human ones can reduce the immunogenicity of this antibody.METHODs： We cloned the VH and V, genes of this mouse antibody, and fused them with CH1 domain of human IgG1 and C, domain of human kappa chain respectively. These chimeric genes were cloned into a phagemid vector. After initial screening using the phage display system, the chimeric Fab was expressed in soluble form in E. coli.REsULTs： The chimeric Fab was purified from the bacterial periplasmic extract. We characterized the chimeric Fab using several in vitro techniques and it was observed that the chimeric molecule retained the high affinity and specificity of the original mouse monoclonal. This chimeric antibody fragment was further expressed in different strains of E. coli to increase the yield.CONCLUsION： We have generated a mouse-human chimeric Fab against HBsAg without any significant loss in binding and epitope specificity. This chimeric Fab fragment can be further modified to generate a fulllength chimeric antibody for therapeutic uses.

关键词： Chimeric Fab Hepatitis B surface antigen Phage display