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The landscape of epigenetic regulation and therapeutic application of N^(6)-methyladenosine modifications in non-coding RNAs

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第5期11卷 236-251页

作者： Gui-e Xu Xuan Zhao Guoping Li Priyanka Gokulnath Lijun Wang Junjie Xiao Institute of Geriatrics(shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)and School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityNantongJiangsu 226011China Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesShanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ RepairSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical school BostonMA 02114USA

RNA N^(6)-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)methylation is the most abundant and conserved RNA modification in *** participates in the regulation of RNA metabolism and various pathophysiological ***-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)are defined as small or long transcripts which do not encode proteins and display numerous biological regulatory *** to mRNAs,m^(6)A deposition is observed in *** RNA m^(6)A modifications on ncRNAs is of great importance specifically to deepen our understanding of their biological roles and clinical *** this review,we summarized the recent research findings regarding the mutual regulation between RNA m^(6)A modification and ncRNAs(with a specific focus on microRNAs,long non-coding RNAs,and circular RNAs)and their *** also discussed the challenges of m^(6)A-containing ncRNAs and RNA m^(6)A as therapeutic targets in human diseases and their future perspective in translational roles.

关键词： Circular RNA epigenetic regulation Long non-coding RNA MicroRNA Non-coding RNA RNA m^(6)A modification

storylines of family medicine Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 79-88页

作者： William B Ventres Leslie A stone emad R Abou-Arab Julio Meza David s Buck Jerome W Crowder Jennifer Y C edgoose Alexander Brown ellen J Plumb Amber K Norris Jay J Allen Lauren e Giammar John e Wood scott M Dickson G Austin Brown Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Family Medicine University of California Los AngelesDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Community Medicine University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA social and Behavioral sciences University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA NH Dartmouth Family Medicine Residency ConcordNew HampshireUSA san Francisco VA Medical Center San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Duluth Family Medicine Residency Program University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth CampusDuluthMinnesotaUSA UAMs Northeast Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program JonesboroArkansasUSA Cascades east Family Medicine Residency Program Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicineKlamath FallsOregonUSA

storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the UsA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care’,authors address the following themes:‘LGBTQIA+health in family medicine’,‘A family medicine approach to substance use disorders’,‘shameless medicine for people experiencing homelessness’,“Difficult”encounters—finding the person behind the patient’,‘Attending to patients with medically unexplained symptoms’,‘Making house calls and home visits’,‘Family physicians in the procedure room’,‘Robust rural family medicine’and‘Full-spectrum family medicine’.May readers appreciate the breadth of family medicine in these essays.

关键词： illustration family dimensions

slope stability of reclaimed coal mines through a new water filling index

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical engineering 2024年第3期16卷 828-839页

作者： Antonios Mikroutsikos Alexandros I.Theocharis Nikolaos C.Koukouzas Ioannis e.Zevgolis Chemical Process&energy Resources Institute Centre for Research&Technology HellasAthensGreece school of Mining and Metallurgical engineering National Technical University of AthensAthensGreece

A common reclamation practice for closed coal surface mines is filling them with water to form pit *** creation and sustainability of these lakes are significantly affected by the stability of the corresponding *** present study provides a general framework for analyzing the water filling’s effect on slope stability based on a new water filling index,which can indirectly consider the factors affecting the process and efficiently quantify the filling speed’s *** assumptions of the proposed approach are thoroughly discussed,and the range of the water filling index is ***,the safety factor is calculated using the finite element method with the shear strength reduction technique during the filling process for various conditions(soil properties,slope geometry,hydraulic conditions,and water filling speed).Results are presented as normalized stability charts for practical *** the water filling,the stability gradually decreases until the reservoir reaches a critical level of 10%e40%of the total height;it then increases to even more stable conditions than the initial ***,the present analysis allows for the preliminary stability evaluation of a coal mine during the formation of a pit lake and the appropriate quantification of the water filling’s effect.

关键词： Post-coal era Open-pit flooding stability charts Critical level

Current considerations for the surgical management of gallbladder adenomas

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1507-1512页

作者： efstathios T Pavlidis Ioannis N Galanis Theodoros e Pavlidis The second Department of Propaedeutic surgery Hippokration General HospitalSchool of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

Gallbladder adenomas are rare lesions(0.5%)associated with potential malignant transformation,particularly with gallbladder adenomas that are≥1 cm in *** detection and management are crucial for preventing lethal carcinoma *** polyps can often be distinguished from the more often nonneo-plastic cholesterol pseudopolyps(5%-10%),which are *** is the first-line tool for initial diagnosis and follow-up when *** question is whether cholecystectomy is always necessary for all *** manage-ment of gallbladder adenomas is determined according to the size of the tumor,the growth rate of the tumor,the patient’s symptoms and whether risk factors for malignancy are ***≥1 cm in size,an age>50 years and a familial history of gallbladder carcinoma are indications for immediate laparoscopic ***,ultrasound follow-up is *** adenomas 6-9 mm in size,the absence of≥2 mm growth at 6 months,one year,and two years,as well as an adenoma sizedexisting risk factors indicates that no further surveillance is ***,it would be preferable to individualize the management in doubtful *** interventional modalities for preserving the gallbladder need further evaluation,especially to determine the long-term outcomes.

关键词： Biliary diseases True neoplastic polyps Gallbladder adenomas Benign bi-liary tumors Gallbladder polyps extrahepatic biliary neoplasms

evaluation of a Wireless solar Powered Personal Weather station

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Agricultural sciences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： Robert J. Lascano Timothy s. Goebel Dennis C. Gitz III John e. stout Cropping systems Research Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin County, Texas, measuring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon selection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cost of using, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expensive and thus searched for an alternative method. We selected an all-in-one commercially available weather station;hereafter, referred to as a Personal Weather station (PWs) that is both wireless and solar powered. Our objective was to evaluate average measurements of rainfall obtained with the PWs and to compare these to measurements obtained with an automatic weather station (AWs). For this purpose, we installed four PWs deployed within 20 m of the Plant stress and Water Conservation Meteorological Tower that was used as our AWs, located at UsDA-ARs Cropping systems Research Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we measured and compared hourly average values of short-wave irradiance (Rsub>gsub>), air temperature (Tsub>airsub>) and relative humidity (RH), and wind speed (Ws), and calculated values of dewpoint temperature (Tsub>dewsub>). This comparison was done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and results indicated that there was no statistical difference in measurements of rainfall between the PWs and AWs. Hourly average values of Rsub>gsub> measured with the PWs and AWs agreed on clear days, but PWs measurements were higher on cloudy days. There was no statistical difference between PWs and AWs hourly average measurements of Tsub>airsub>, RH, and calculated Tsub>dewsub>. Hourly average measurements of Rsub>gsub> and Ws were more variable. We concluded that the PWs we selected will provide adequate values of rainfall and other weather variables to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation sensors Citizen Weather station Mesonet Rainfall Weather Variables

Modulation of oxidative damage and genotoxicity of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles via supplementation with modified cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles in mice

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Food science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Mosaad A.Abdel-Wahhab Aziza A.el-Nekeety Asmaa s.salman Zeinab K.Hamza engy M.Akl soher e.Aly Wenyi Kang Department of Food Toxicology & Contaminants， National Research Centre Dokki， Cairo， Egypt Genetic and Cytology Department， National Research Centre Dokki， Cairo， Egypt Department of Fats and Oils， National Research Centre Dokki， Cairo， Egypt National R & D Center for edible Fungus Processing Technology， Henan University Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function Functional Food engineering Technology Research Center Henan

synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (Zn-NPs) via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods; however， the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored. This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (Cin@CsNPs) against oxidative damage and genotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in mice. ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized using the extract of fresh leaves of Mentha pulegium L. Cin was extracted from cinnamon essential oil， and was loaded into chitosan nanoparticle (Cin@CsNPs). Both ZnO-NPs， Cin@CsNPs and CsNPs were characterized. The in vitro release of Cin@CsNPs was determined. In the biological study， 6 groups of male Balb/c mice were treated by gavage for 3 weeks as follows， control group， the group received ZnO-NPs (25 mg/kg b.w)， the groups received Cin@CsNPs at low dose (50 mg/kg b.w) or high dose (100 mg/kg b.w)， and the groups received ZnO-NPs plus Cin@CsNPs at the two tested doses. Blood and tissue samples were collected for different biochemical， genetical and histological studies. The particle size of ZnO-NPs， CsNPs， and Cin@CsNPs were (20.78 ± 2.6)， (170.0 ± 3.7)， and (218.23 ± 2.9) nm， and ξ-potential were (32.7 ± 4.6)， (8.32 ± 0.27) and (4.8 ± 0.21)， respectively. ZnO-NPs disturbed the biochemical and oxidative stress indices， AFP， CeA， TNF-α， chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells， and sperm abnormality along with severe pathological changes in the hepatic， renal， and testicular tissues. Cin@CsNPs improved significantly all the parameters tested and the histological picture in a dose-dependent. Therefore， the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibit oxidative damage and genotoxicity， and Cin@CsNPs have potential protective effects against the risks of ZnO-NPs and may be a promising tool to overcome the challenges of using Cin in food and pharmaceuticals applications.

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Implementation and evaluation of exercise is Medicine in primary care clinics within a large academic health system

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 16-27页

作者： John Kevin Ong Dayao Caroline e L Duffy Amalia M Cristiano Gene'Rusty'Kallenberg sarah e Linke University of California san Diego school of Medicine La JollaCaliforniaUSA Milken Institute of Public Health The George Washington UniversityWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston school of Medicine GalvestonTexasUSA scripps Family Medicine Residency Scripps Mercy Hospital Chula VistaChula VistaCaliforniaUSA Herbert Wertheim school of Public Health&Human Longevity science University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Family Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Omada Health San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA

Objective exercise is Medicine(eIM)is a global initiative encouraging healthcare providers to routinely assess and promote physical activity(PA)among *** objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility,adoption,implementation and effectiveness of eIM from patient,clinician and healthcare staff perspectives using a combination of electronic health record(eHR),survey and interview *** This study used a combination of the Practical Robust Implementation and sustainability Model(PRIsM)and the Learning evaluation model to implement *** captured from the eHR,including Physical Activity Vital sign(PAVs)scores,and data collected from qualitative surveys and interviews were used to evaluate the programme’s Reach,effectiveness,Adoption,Implementation,Maintenance(Re-AIM,which is embedded within PRIsM)from provider,staff and patient *** Five primary care clinics within a large academic health *** A total of 24443 patients from all participating clinics had at least one PAVs score during the study period.A total of 17 clinicians completed surveys,and 4 clinicians,8 medical assistants and 9 patients completed *** Implementation fidelity metrics varied widely between components and across clinics but were generally consistent over time,indicating a high degree of programme *** was highest during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic when most visits were *** PAVs scores increased from 57.7(95%CI:56 to 59.4)to 95.2(95%CI:91.6 to 98.8)min per week at 6 months for patients not meeting PA guidelines at baseline and decreased from 253.84(95%CI:252 to 255.7)to 208.3(95%CI:204.2 to 212.4)min per week at 6 months for patients meeting PA guidelines at *** eIM implementation,clinician-estimated time spent discussing PA with patients increased for 35%of providers and stayed the same for 53%.Conclusion Overall,this study established eIM’s feasibility,adoption,implementation

关键词： routine qualitative completed

In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine:next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 103-118页

作者： s.Cankat M.U.Demael L.swadling Division of Infection and Immunity Institute of Immunity and TransplantationUniversity College LondonPears BuildingLondon NW32PPUK

Members of the coronaviridae family are endemic to human populations and have caused several epidemics and pandemics in recent *** this review,we will discuss the feasibility of and progress toward the ultimate goal of creating a pan-coronavirus vaccine that can protect against infection and disease by all members of the coronavirus *** will detail the unmet clinical need associated with the continued transmission of sARs-CoV-2,MeRs-CoV and the four seasonal coronaviruses(HCoV-OC43,NL63,HKU1 and 229e)in humans and the potential for future zoonotic *** will highlight how first-generation sARs-CoV-2 vaccines and natural history studies have greatly increased our understanding of effective antiviral immunity to coronaviruses and have informed next-generation vaccine *** will then consider the ideal properties of a pan-coronavirus vaccine and propose a blueprint for the type of immunity that may offer ***,we will describe a subset of the diverse technologies and novel approaches being pursued with the goal of developing broadly or universally protective vaccines for coronaviruses.

关键词： Vaccine Coronavirus Cross-reactive immunity Cross-protection Universal

A global analysis of the introduction pathways and characteristics associated with non-native fish species introduction, establishment, and impacts

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ecological Processes 2024年第2期13卷 16-31页

作者： Camille Bernery Céline Bellard Franck Courchamp sébastien Brosse Boris Leroy CNRs Agro Paris Tech Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris-Saclay Unité Biologie des Organismes et ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOReA UMR 8067) Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle Sorbonne Universités Université de Caen Normandie Université des Antilles CNRS IRD Laboratoire évolution & Diversité Biologique (eDB UMR5174) Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse 3 CNRS IRD UPS

Background The invasion success of introduced freshwater fishes is influenced by many factors, including ecological, species, and socioeconomic characteristics. Most studies that document the importance of these characteristics are conducted at local scales and/or focus on a single step of the invasion process. In this study, we aim to determine the species characteristics, ecological characteristics, and socioeconomic characteristics of non-native freshwater fish invasions. Our assessment was done at the global scale and considers all three steps of the invasion(i.e., introduction, establishment, and impact). For this purpose, we applied generalized linear models to 20 variables collected for 307 non-native species and modeled them as a function of ecological characteristics(i.e., environmental features), species traits(i.e., functional and morphological), and socioeconomic characteristics(i.e., human use and introduction pathways). We considered the number of countries in which each species was introduced, established, or had ecological impacts as a proxy of invasion step success. We also explored the specifics of species introduced through the aquaculture and the ornamental fish trade *** We found that non-native freshwater fishes with broad diets, high parental care, and multiple introduction pathways are the most widely introduced and established worldwide. The number of countries with impacts reported was best explained by the type of introduction pathway(i.e., aquaculture or fisheries). Moreover, among non-native species introduced through aquaculture, those belonging to Cypriniformes and having broad diets were the most widely introduced and established species. In contrast, the species introduced through the ornamental fish trade pathway belonged to various taxonomic orders but were mainly native to tropical *** Considering several types of factors is important when analyzing the invasion success of freshwater fish and disentang

关键词： Aquaculture ecology exotic Freshwater fish Introduction pathway Invasion step Morphology Ornamental fish trade socioeconomic Trait