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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and s.napse elimination

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs Víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleks.ndra Polishchuk Laura nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.s.ntafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i neurobiologia(UHneurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and s.napses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyos.n-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and s.napse elimination process versus the s.napse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental s.napse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the pres.naptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and s.napses converge across a posts.naptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the pres.naptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75nTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at posts.naptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are pres.nt,together with the n-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenos.ne receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors pos.natal s.napse elimination serine kinases tropomyos.n-related kinase receptorB

Olfactory receptors in neural regeneration in the central nervous system

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2480-2494页

作者： Rafael Franco Claudia Garrigós Toni Capó Joan serrano-Marín Rafael Rivas-s.ntisteban Jaume Lillo Molecular neurobiology Laboratory Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiomedicineFacultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Ciberned network Center for Biomedical Research in neurodegenerative Diseases Spanish National Health Institute Carlos ⅢMadridSpain school of Chemistry Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Biochemistry and Physiology School of Pharmacy and Food SciencesUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Laboratory of Computational Medicine Biostatistics UnitFaculty of MedicineAutonomous University of BarcelonaCampus BellaterraBarcelonaSpain

Olfactory receptors are crucial for detecting odors and play a vital role in our s.nse of smell,influencing behaviors from food choices to emotional *** receptors also contribute to our perception of flavor and have potential applications in medical diagnostics and environmental *** ability of the olfactory system to regenerate its s.nsory neurons provides a unique model to study neural regeneration,a phenomenon largely abs.nt in the central nervous *** gained from how olfactory neurons continuously replace themselves and reestablish functional connections can provide strategies to promote similar regenerative processes in the central nervous system,where damage often results in permanent *** the molecular and cellular mechanisms underpinning olfactory neuron regeneration could pave the way for developing therapeutic approaches to treat spinal co rd injuries and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's *** ctory receptors are found in almost any cell of eve ry orga n/tissue of the mammalian *** ectopic expression provides insights into the chemical structures that can activate olfactory *** addition to odors,olfactory receptors in ectopic expression may respond to endogenous compounds and molecules produced by mucosal colonizing *** analysis of the function of olfactory receptors in ectopic expression provides valuable information on the signaling pathway engaged upon receptor activation and the receptor's role in proliferation and cell differentiation *** review explo res the ectopic expression of olfa ctory receptors and the role they may play in neural regeneration within the central nervous system,with particular attention to compounds that can activate these receptors to initiate regenerative *** suggests that olfactory receptors could serve as potential therapeutic targets for enhancing neural repair and recovery following central nervous syste

关键词： adenos.ne receptors adrenergic receptors ectopic expression G proteincoupled receptors glia neurons

Data-driven drug repositioning us.ng olfactory omics profiles:challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1997-1998页

作者： Paz Cartas-Cejudo Adriana Cortés Mercedes Lachén-Montes Elena Anaya-Cubero Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen Enrique s.ntamaría Clinical neuroproteomics Unit Proteomics PlatformNavarrabiomedHospitalario Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Universidad Pública de Navarra(UPNA)IdiSNANavarra Institute for Health ResearchPamplonaSpain

Data-driven drug repositioning us.ng olfactory omics profiles-challenges and perspectives in neurodegeneration:neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive degeneration and loss of neuronal function in the central nervous *** diseases are often characterized as proteinopathies,which are disorders primarily driven by the aggregation or misfolding of specific amyloid proteins within cells,leading to their dysfunction and eventual *** the gain-of-function hypothesis related to the aggregation of these proteins,recently,an alternative hypothesis regarding the loss-of-function of the soluble monomeric proteins during the process of aggregation into amyloids is gaining *** last event is called proteinopenia and refers to conditions characterized by a deficiency or decrease in the levels of specific soluble proteins in the body(Ezzat et al.,2023).It has been demonstrated that levels of soluble proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases are decreased.

关键词： diseases drug amyloid

Vagus.nerve stimulation in intracerebral hemorrhage:the need for further research

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3213-3214页

作者： sheharyar s.Baig Ali n.Ali Arshad Majid sheffield Institute for Translational neuroscience Division of NeuroscienceThe University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

Vagus.nerve stimulation(Vns)and stroke:stroke is the second leading cause of death and the third leading cause of disability worldwide(Baig et al.,2023).There have been significant paradigm shifts in the management of acute ischemic stroke through mechanical *** chronic ischemic stroke,invasive Vns paired with rehabilitation is associated with a significant increase in upper limb motor recovery and is FDA-approved(Baig et al.,2023).There are no treatments of similar efficacy in acute intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)where several promis.ng trials,e.g.,TICH-2,sTOP-AUsT,and TRAIGE did not show improvements in functional outcomes(Puy et al.,2023).

关键词： stimulation acute

Complementary roles of glial cells in generating region-specific neuroinflammatory responses and phagocytosis in Parkins.n’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2917-2918页

作者： Leyre Ayerra Maria s.Aymerich Universidad de navarra Facultad de CienciasDepartamento de Bioquímica y GenéticaPamplonaSpain CIMA-Universidad de navarra PamplonaSpain IdisnA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de NavarraPamplonaSpain

neuroinflammation is associated with Parkins.n’s disease:Reactive gliosis and neuroinflammation are hallmarks of Parkins.n’s disease(PD),a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic *** has long been considered a mere consequence of neuronal loss,but whether it promotes PD or is a key player in disease progression remains to be *** leukocyte antigen.

关键词： inflammation leukocyte generating

Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates exercise-induced recovery of hippocampal neurogenesis,learning,and memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第10期20卷 2969-2981页

作者： Mackenzie M.spicer Jianqi Yang Daniel Fu Alis.n n.DeVore Marisol Lauffer nilufer s.Atasoy Deniz Atasoy Rory A.Fisher Department of neuroscience and Pharmacology University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Iowa neuroscience Institute University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA neural Circuits and Behavior Core University of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIAUSA

Hippocampal neuronal loss causes cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s *** hippocampal neurogenesis is reduced in patients with Alzheimer’s *** stimulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in rodents and improves memory and slows cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s ***,the molecular pathways for exercise-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improved cognition in Alzheimer’s disease are poorly ***,regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)was identified as the mediator of voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis in ***,we generated novel RGs6fl/fl;APP_(sWE) mice and used retroviral approaches to examine the impact of RGs6 deletion from dentate gyrus.neuronal progenitor cells on voluntary running-induced adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in an amyloid-based Alzheimer’s disease mouse *** found that voluntary running in APP_(sWE) mice restored their hippocampal cognitive impairments to that of control *** cognitive rescue was abolished by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus.neuronal progenitor cells,which also abolished running-mediated increases in adult hippocampal *** hippocampal neurogenesis was reduced in sedentary APP_(sWE) mice versus control mice,with basal adult hippocampal neurogenesis reduced by RGs6 deletion in dentate gyrus.neural precursor ***6 was expressed in neurons within the dentate gyrus of patients with Alzheimer’s disease with significant loss of these RGs6-express.ng ***,RGs6 mediated voluntary running-induced rescue of impaired cognition and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in APP_(sWE) mice,identifying RGs6 in dentate gyrus.neural precursor cells as a possible therapeutic target in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： adult hippocampal neurogenesis Alzheimer’s disease dentate gyrus exercise learning/memory neural precursor cells regulator of G protein signaling 6(RGs6)

Effect of pyrite content on chalcopyrite flotation under different regrinding conditions

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 49-57页

作者： Zejun Wang qing shi Guofan Zhang Yuxuan Zhu Binbin Li school of Minerals Process.ng and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Clean and Efficient Utilization of strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

This study aimed to investigate the effect of varying pyrite(Py)content on copper(Cu)in the pres.nce of different regrinding conditions,which were altered us.ng different types of grinding media:iron,ceramic balls,and their mixture,followed by flotation in the cleaner *** flotation performance of rough Cu concentrate can be improved by changing the regrinding conditions based on the Py *** electron microscopy,X-ray spectrometry,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt extraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies illustrated that when the Py content was high,the use of iron media in regrinding promoted the generation of hydrophilic Fe OOH on the surface of Py and improved the Cu *** ceramic medium with a low Py content prevented excessive Fe OOH from covering the surface of chalcopyrite(Cpy).Electrochemical studies further showed that the galvanic corrosion current of Cpy-Py increased with the addition of Py and became stronger with the participation of iron media.

关键词： chalcopyrite regrinding media pyrite galvanic corrosion flotation

Preparation of FeConi medium entropy alloy from Fe^(3+)-Co^(2+)-ni^(2+)solution system

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 92-101页

作者： Zongyou Cheng qing Zhao Mengjie Tao Jijun Du Xingxi Huang Chengjun Liu Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China school of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Center of Frontier Technologies for Low-carbon steelmaking(Ministry of Education) Shenyang 110819China

In recent years,medium entropy alloys have become a research hotspot due to their excellent physical and chemical *** controlling reas.nable elemental composition and process.ng parameters,the medium entropy alloys can exhibit similar properties to high entropy alloys and have lower *** this paper,a FeConi medium entropy alloy precursor was prepared via sol-gel and coprecipitation methods,respectively,and FeConi medium entropy alloys were prepared by carbothermal and hydrogen *** phases and magnetic properties of FeConi medium entropy alloy were *** showed that FeConi medium entropy alloy was produced by carbothermal and hydrogen reduction at 1500℃.some carbon was detected in the FeConi medium entropy alloy prepared by carbothermal *** alloy prepared by hydrogen reduction was uniform and showed a relatively high ***,the hydrogen reduction product exhibited better saturation magnetization and lower coercivity.

关键词： medium entropy alloy sol-gel co-precipitation carbothermal hydrogen reduction

Potassium and calcium channels in different nerve cells act as therapeutic targets in neurological disorders

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neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1258-1276页

作者： qing Qiu Mengting Yang Danfeng Gong Haiying Liang Tingting Chen Department of Pharmacology School of PharmacyNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target NantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pharmacy Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityLongyanFujian ProvinceChina

The central nervous system, information integration center of the body, is mainly composed of neurons and glial cells. The neuron is one of the most basic and important structural and functional units of the central nervous system, with s.nsory stimulation and excitation conduction functions. Astrocytes and microglia belong to the glial cell family, which is the main source of cytokines and repres.nts the main defense system of the central nervous system. nerve cells undergo neurotransmission or gliotransmission, which regulates.neuronal activity via the ion channels, receptors, or transporters expressed on nerve cell membranes. Ion channels, composed of large transmembrane proteins, play crucial roles in maintaining nerve cell homeostasis. These channels are also important for control of the membrane potential and in the secretion of neurotransmitters. A variety of cellular functions and life activities, including functional regulation of the central nervous system, the generation and conduction of nerve excitation, the occurrence of receptor potential, heart pulsation, smooth muscle peristalsis, skeletal muscle contraction, and hormone secretion, are closely related to ion channels associated with passive transmembrane transport. Two types of ion channels in the central nervous system, potassium channels and calcium channels, are closely related to various.neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkins.n's disease, and epilepsy. Accordingly, various drugs that can affect these ion channels have been explored deeply to provide new directions for the treatment of these neurological disorders. In this review, we focus on the functions of potassium and calcium ion channels in different nerve cells and their involvement in neurological disorders such as Parkins.n's disease, Alzheimer's disease, depression, epilepsy, autism, and rare disorders. We also describe several clinical drugs that target potassium or calcium channels in nerve cells and could be u

关键词： astrocytes calcium channels central nervous system extracellular ion concentration microglia neurological disorders neurons potassium channels