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Virus-Induced Gene silencing Offers a Functional Genomics.p.atform for studying plant Cell Wall Formation

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Molecular plant 2010年第5期3卷 818-833页

作者： Xiaohong Zhu sivakumar pattathil Koushik Mazumder Amanda Brehm Michael G. Hahn s.p. dinesh-kumar Chandrashekhar p. Joshi Biotechnology Research Center School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science Michigan Technological University Houghton MI 49931 USA BioEnergy science Center Complex Carbohydrate Research Center University of Georgia 315 Riverbend Road Athens GA 30602 USA Department of plant Biology University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA section of plant Biology and Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Department of Bioenergy science and Technology Chonnam National University Gwangju 500-757 Korea

Virus-induced gene silencing （VIGs） is a powerful genetic tool for rapid assessment of plant gene functions in the post-genomic era. Here, we successfully implemented a Tobacco Rattle Virus （TRV）-based VlGs system to study functions of genes involved in either primary or secondary cell wall formation in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. A 3-week post- VIGs time frame is sufficient to observe phenotypic alterations in the anatomical structure of stems and chemical composition of the primary and secondary cell walls. We used cell wall glycan-directed monoclonal antibodies to demonstrate that alteration of cell wall polymer synthesis during the secondary growth phase of VIGs.p.ants has.p.ofound effects on the extractability of components from woody stem cell walls. Therefore, TRV-based VlGs together with cell wall component profiling methods.p.ovide a high-throughput gene discovery platform for studying plant cell wall formation from a bioenergy perspective.

关键词： plant cell wall VIGs cellulose xylan lignin Nicotiana.

Comparison of rare earths doping(neodymium and samarium) on structural and magnetic properties of Ni-Zn-Bi nanoferrites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 534-542,I0004页

作者： shilpa Taneja preeti Thakur dinesh kumar Yassine slimani Atul Thakur NanoLatticeX Amity University HaryanaGururam122413HaryanaIndia Nanotechnology Wing Innovative Science Research SocietyShimla177002India Centre for Nanotechnology Amity University HaryanaGururam122413HaryanaIndia Department of Biophysics Institute for Research and Medical Consultations(IRMC)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia school of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China

Excellent magnetic properties in ferrites are required for high-frequency applications and for wastewater treatment. Thus, the present study shows the comparison of magnetic and structural properties of Nd and sm substituted Ni-Zn-Bi ferrites with the series Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Bi_(0.04)Nd_(x)Fe_(1.96-x)O_4(with step size 0.002)and Ni_(0.5)Zn_(0.5)Bi_(0.04)sm_(x)Fe_(1.96-x)O_4(with step size 0.02) prepared using citrate precursor method. The impact of the substitution of rare earth ions(Nd and sm) on magnetic properties of the synthesized samples is observed using a vibrating sample magnetometer(VsM). The saturation magnetization values enhance considerably from 52 to 58 emu/g for Nd^(3+)ions and 39 to 57 emu/g for sm^(3+) ions, thus, making these materials magnetically hard. Further, the higher value of coercivity is also observed ranging from133 to 167 Oe for Nd^(3+)ions and 81 to 155 Oe for sm^(3+) ions. The shape of hysteresis loops indicates a s.p.r paramagnetic and ferromagnetic behavior in the obtained samples. The squareness ratio value issuggesting the uniaxial anisotropy of particles and hence, these ferrites are suitable for microwaveabsorbing and in permanent magnetic materials. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern shows the formation of pure cubic crystallites, where, lattice parameters range from 0.840 to 0.839 nm and from 0.838to 0.839 nm for Nd^(3+)and sm^(3+) ions substitution, respectively. The crystallite size ranges between 28.63to 29.89 nm and 18.33 to 26.23 nm, for substitution of Nd^(3+)and sm^(3+) ions, respectively. Field emission scanning electron microscopy(FEsEM) shows the formation of homogeneous grains, whereas, energy dispersive spectrometer(EDs) counts describe the purity of the samples. The sm concentration x = 0.10has the maximum surface area with value of 42.6 m^(2)/g which proves to be having good data storage application due to high surface area. The zero-field cooled(ZFC) and field cooled(FC) data show that Nddoped Ni-Zn-Bi nano

关键词： Citrate precursor X-ray diffraction Vibrating sample magnetometer Coercivity Field emission scanning electron microscopy Rare earths

Evaluation of Dielectric properties of CCTO-BT/Epoxy Composites for Electronic Applications

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年第1期31卷 69-77页

作者： swagatika Mishra punyapriya Mishra punyatoya Mishra dinesh kumar Mishra Krushna prasad shadangi Deepak kumar Mohapatra Department of Mechanical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyBurlaOdisha 768018India Department of physics Parala Maharaja Engineering CollegeBerhampurOdisha 761003India Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyBurlaOdisha768018India Department of Chemical Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of TechnologyBurlaOdisha 768018India

In the current study,the calcium copper titanate(CCTO)/epoxy,barium titanate(BT)/epoxy and CCTO-BT/epoxy composite samples with variable volume fractions of CCTO and BT are fabricated using hand lay-up and compression moulding process. The composite samples are characterized for the frequency dependence on dielectric properties,conductivity,impedance spectroscopy and electrical modulus.X-ray diffraction(XRD)representation of CCTO-BT/epoxy composite samples confirmed the presence of both CCTO and BT ceramic samples s.p.rately. The dielectric characteristics of hybrid CCTO-BT/epoxy composite samples with CCTO∶BT ratio of 40∶60, 60∶40,and 50∶50 was found relatively better than those of single ceramic filler reinforced epoxy composites. AC conductivity analysis shows improvement in the results of hybrid filler-filled CCTO-BT/epoxy composites in comparison with single filler-filled epoxy composite.50∶50 CCTO-BT/epoxy composite shows the best AC conductivity value of~ 2.2 ×10^(-5) ohm^(-1)·m^(-1) at a higher frequency of 1MHz. The impedance analysis confirms the higher insulating properties for hybrid 40∶60 and 60∶40 CCTO-BT/epoxy composites with respect to the single and other hybrid ceramic epoxy composites. The analysis suggests the hybrid CCTO-BT/epoxy composites to be adopted as a potential dielectric material for energy storage devices and other electronic applications.

关键词： ceramic filler dielectric characterization hybrid Composite AC conductivity impedance analysis

Enhancing fatigue performance of AZ31 magnesium alloy components fabricated by cold metal transfer-based wire arc directed energy deposition through LpB

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1638-1662页

作者： shambhu kumar Manjhi srikanth Bontha A.s.s.Balan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology KarnatakaSurathkalSrinivasanagarMangaloreKarnataka 575025India

Cold Metal Transfer-Based Wire Arc Directed Energy Deposition(CMT-WA-DED)presents a promising avenue for the rapid fabrication of components crucial to automotive,shipbuilding,and aerospace ***,the susceptibility to fatigue of CMT-WA-DED-produced AZ31 Mg alloy components has impeded their widespread adoption for critical load-bearing *** this study,a comprehensive investigation into the fatigue behaviour of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy has been carried out and compared to commercially available wrought AZ31 *** findings indicate that the as-deposited parts exhibit a lower fatigue life than wrought Mg alloy,primarily due to poor surface finish,tensile residual stress.p.rosity,and coarse grain microstructure inherent in the WA-DED *** plasticity Burnishing(LpB)treatment is applied to mitigate these issues,which induce significant plastic deformation on the *** treatment resulted in a remarkable improvement of fatigue life by 42%,accompanied by a reduction in surface roughness,grain refinement and enhancement of compressive residual stress ***,during cyclic deformation,WA-DED specimens exhibited higher plasticity and dislocation density compared to both wrought and WA-DED+LpB specimens.A higher fraction of Low Angle Grain Boundaries(LAGBs)in WA-DED specimens contributed to multiple crack initiation sites and convoluted crack paths,ultimately leading to premature *** contrast,wrought and WA-DED+LpB specimens displayed a higher percentage of High Angle Grain Boundaries(HAGBs),which hindered dislocation movement and resulted in fewer crack initiation sites and less complex crack paths,thereby extending fatigue *** findings underscore the effectiveness of LpB as a post-processing technique to enhance the fatigue performance of WA-DED-fabricated AZ31 Mg alloy *** study highlights the importance of LpB surface treatment on AZ31 Mg components.p.oduced by CMT-WA-DED to remove surface d

关键词： Wire arc additive manufacturing AZ31 Mg alloy Low plasticity burnishing Low cycle fatigue test strain amplitude

Comparison of the Anatomy and Adaptability of Reconstructed Teeth with Natural Teeth:An Innovative Approach in Forensic Dentistry

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Journal of Forensic science and Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 47-54页

作者： s.p.aja s.p.M Tejaswi Ravikanth Manyam Mohan kumar pas.p.leti swetha p Ramesh kumar Budumuru Department of Oral and Maxillofacial pathology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Vishnu Dental College BhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Department of periodontics and Implantology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Vishnu Dental CollegeBhimavaramAndhra PradeshIndia

Background:Forensic tooth reconstruction is the technique of reconstructing the morphology of a missing tooth from the intra-alveolar morphology of dental sockets from skeletal *** and Objectives:The aim and objective of the study are to compare and investigate whether the anatomy and adaptability of reconstructed teeth simulate with the natural tooth and to investigate whether the dental materials have potential in reconstruction of *** and Methods:An in vitro experimental study was undertaken on a human *** to the Fédération Dentaire Internationale,charting will be done based on the number of teeth *** entire study will be conducted in three phases using dental *** 1 comprised preparation for negative replica,where an impression will be taken,phase 2 comprised preparation of a positive replica or cast,and phase 3 comprised tooth reconstruction using the flowable ***:The specimen tooth(which had been taken from its socket)and the newly constructed tooth were compared,and when the length of the newly constructed root was measured using digital vernier calipers,there was a disparity of 0.5-1 *** cone-beam computed tomography radiographs demonstrated the necessary ***:The present study demonstrated that dental information can be obtained even when teeth are absent postmortem by making an attempt to recreate the teeth using dental materials while documenting the intra-alveolar anatomy of the dental root socket.

关键词： Adaptability anatomy reconstruction teeth

High-quality assembled and annotated genomes of Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana reveal chromosome evolution and changes in defense arsenals

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Molecular plant 2024年第3期17卷 423-437页

作者： Jubin Wang Qingling Zhang Jeffrey Tung Xi Zhang Dan Liu Yingtian Deng Zhendong Tian Huilan Chen Taotao Wang Weixiao Yin Bo Lij Zhibing Lai savithramma p.dinesh-kumar Barbara Baker Feng Li National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China plant Gene Expression Center Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94706USA College of plant science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China College of Life science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Department of plant Biology and The Genome Center College of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA The Key Laboratory of Horticultural plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi province Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330299China institute of Vegetables and Flowers Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200Chin Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana are widely used models in plant biology ***,genomic studies of these species have *** we report the chromosome-level reference genome assemblies for *** and *** with an estimated 99.5%and 99.8%completeness,*** transcription start and termination site sequencing methods were developed and used for accurate gene annotation in *** analyses revealed evidence for the parental origins and chromosome structural changes,leading to hybrid genome formation of each ***,theantiviral silencinggenesRDR1,RDR6,DCL2,DCL3,andAGO2were lost from one or both subgenomes in ***,while both homeologs were kept in ***,the *** genome encodes fewer immune receptors and signaling components than that of *** find-ings uncover possible reasons underlying the hypersusceptible nature of *** developed the user-friendly Nicomics(http:/***/Nicomics/)web server to facilitate better use of Nicotiana genomic resources as well as gene structure and expression analyses.

关键词： Nicotiana tabacum Nicotiana benthamiana genomics evolution disease resistance NLR

Bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and disease:molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2014-2064页

作者： Joshua s.Fleishman sunil kumar Department of pharmaceutical sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNYUSA

Bile acids,once considered mere dietary surfactants,now emerge as critical modulators of macronutrient(lipid,carbohydrate,protein)metabolism and the systemic pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory *** acid metabolism and signaling pathways.p.ay a crucial role in protecting against,or if aberrant,inducing cardiometabolic,inflammatory,and neoplastic conditions,strongly influencing health and *** curative treatment exists for any bile acid influenced disease,while the most promising and well-developed bile acid therapeutic was recently rejected by the ***,we provide a bottom-up approach on bile acids,mechanistically explaining their biochemistry,physiology,and pharmacology at canonical and non-canonical *** this mechanistic model of bile acids,we explain how abnormal bile acid physiology drives disease pathogenesis,emphasizing how ceramide synthesis may serve as a unifying pathogenic feature for cardiometabolic *** provide an in-depth summary on pre-existing bile acid receptor modulators,explain their shortcomings,and propose solutions for how they may be ***,we rationalize novel targets for further translational drug discovery and provide future *** than dismissing bile acid therapeutics due to recent setbacks,we believe that there is immense clinical potential and a high likelihood for the future success of bile acid therapeutics.

关键词： metabolism rejected shortcomings

protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

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Chinese physics B 2024年第2期33卷 169-177页

作者： Mandal Manoj kumar Choudhury Binayak s. samanta soumen Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and TechnologyShibpur B.GardenHowrah 711103West BengalIndia

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping(AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is.p.ssible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.

关键词： multi-qubit entangled channel quantum remote state preparation noisy environments weak and reversal measurements

Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra priyanka Gola Jiten singh pooja Gond swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit Dey Danish Iqbal Mehnaz Kamal punya sachdeva saurabh kumar Jha shreesh Ojha dinesh kumar Niraj kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra shing Cheng Tan Department of pharmaceutical sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia Department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Life sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates school of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential drugs/s.p.lements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various.p.ssible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine