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Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2750-2759页

作者： Fahaid h.A.L-hashem salah O.Bashir Amal F.Dawood Moutasem s.Aboonq ismaeel Bin-Jaliah Abdulaiziz M.Al-Garni Mohamed D.Morsy Department of Physiology College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of Basic Medical sciences College of MedicinePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Physiology College of MedicineTaibah UniversityAl-Madinah Al-MunawwarahSaudi Arabia Department of Medicine College of MedicineKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia

Memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic *** stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory *** investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and *** healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) *** effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the Morris Water Maze ***,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal *** the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor ***,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

关键词： hippocampus neuroprotective Nrf2 gene oxidative stress vanillylacetone

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soil resilience assessment using soil profile descriptions and Analytic hierarchy Process in Mediterranean mountains considering diverse fire occurrences

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第8期21卷 2517-2532页

作者： Jesús RODRiGO-COMiNO Departamento de Análisis Geográfico Regional y Geografía Física Facultad de Filosofía y LetrasCampus Universitario de CartujaUniversidad de GranadaGranada 18071Spain

Wildfires are complex natural phenomena that exert significant impacts on landscapes,societies,and *** the concept of resilience is crucial in mitigating its possible negative impacts,as it involves preparing for,responding to,and recovering from *** research aims to demonstrate the utility of in situ soil profile description in assessing land use resilience using an Analytic hierarchy Process(AhP)through an expert panel *** study examines a catchment located in the Balearic islands,considering two fire occurrences(once and twice),comparing abandoned agricultural terraces and natural *** results demonstrated that the priority ranking of variables to assess soil profile resilience against wildfires,determined by a panel of 10 experts,identified horizon depth(25.1%),slope inclination(21.5%),and hydrological connectivity(16.6%)as the most crucial *** variables,such as number and size of roots,structure of pedal soil material,size class structure,and rock fragments,also contributed to resilience but to a lesser extent,with scores ranging from 5.7%to 9.6%.Analyzing the priorities established by the experts using AhP,the results showed that the least resilient soil horizon was h1 of the control hillslope,especially under high and low connectivity processes,which aligned with the loss of superficial soil horizons after one and two *** showed greater changes in resilience after occurring wildfires compared to terraces,with the most significant alterations occurring after the second wildfire *** study addresses a significant knowledge gap in the field by highlighting the interconnectedness of wildfires,resilience,and land use,providing insights into land management strategies for wildfire-prone regions.

关键词： soil profiles soil geography Wildfires AhP Land management Expert panel survey

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An improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorithm to select Effective Feature subset from Medical Data:A COViD-19 Case study

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 426-446页

作者： Ali Fatahi Mohammad h.Nadimi-shahraki hoda Zamani Faculty of Computer Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Big Data Research Center Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran

Feature subset selection(Fss)is an NP-hard problem to remove redundant and irrelevant features particularly from medical data,and it can be effectively addressed by metaheuristic ***,existing binary versions of metaheuristic algorithms have issues with convergence and lack an effective binarization method,resulting in suboptimal solutions that hinder diagnosis and prediction *** paper aims to propose an improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorithm(iBQANA)for Fss in medical data preprocessing to address the suboptimal solutions arising from binary versions of metaheuristic *** proposed iBQANA’s contributions include the hybrid Binary Operator(hBO)and the Distance-based Binary search strategy(DBss).hBO is designed to convert continuous values into binary solutions,even for values outside the[0,1]range,ensuring accurate binary *** the other hand,DBss is a two-phase search strategy that enhances the performance of inferior search agents and accelerates *** combining exploration and exploitation phases based on an adaptive probability function,DBss effectively avoids local *** effectiveness of applying hBO is compared with five transfer function families and thresholding on 12 medical datasets,with feature numbers ranging from 8 to 10,***'s effectiveness is evaluated regarding the accuracy,fitness,and selected features and compared with seven binary metaheuristic ***,iBQANA is utilized to detect *** results reveal that the proposed iBQANA outperforms all comparative algorithms on COViD-19 and 11 other medical *** proposed method presents a promising solution to the Fss problem in medical data preprocessing.

关键词： Feature subset selection Optimization Binary metaheuristic algorithms Bioinspired Machine learning Medical datasets

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Electron kinetic effects in back-stimulated Raman scattering bursts driven by broadband laser pulses

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 54-67页

作者： Q.K.Liu L.Deng Q.Wang X.Zhang F.Q.Meng Y.P.Wang Y.Q.Gao h.B.Cai s.P.Zhu Graduate school China Academy of Engineering PhysicsBeijing 100088China institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China school of Nuclear science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China shanghai institute of Laser Plasma Shanghai 201800China hEDPs Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China school of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

We examine electron kinetic effects in broadband-laser-driven back-stimulated Raman scattering(BsRs)bursts using particle-in-cell *** bursts occur during the nonlinear stage,causing reflectivity spikes and generating large numbers of hot ***-duration simulations are performed to observe burst events,and a simplified model is developed to eliminate the interference of the broadband laser’s random intensity *** the simplified model,we isolate and characterize the spectrum of electron plasma *** spectrum changes from a sideband structure to a turbulence-like structure during the burst.A significant asymmetry in the spectrum is *** asymmetry is amplified and transferred to electron phase space by high-intensity broadband laser pulses,leading to violent vortex-merging and generation of hot *** proportion of hot electrons increases from 6.76%to 14.7%during a single violent burst *** demonstrate that kinetic effects profoundly influence the BsRs evolution driven by broadband lasers.

关键词： scattering kinetic simplified

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Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du imad El haddad Jay G.slowik Andre s.h.Prevot Environment Research institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(sOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the sOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(iVOCs) are efficient sOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to sOA formation has not been directly observed. here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study sOA formation from wood burning, we find that iVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed sOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing sOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of iVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that sOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the iVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

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Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.i.ikim G.N.Gerasimov V.F.Gromov O.J.ilegbusi L.i.Trakhtenberg N.N.semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAs MoscowRussia University of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow institute of Physics and Technology(state University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov Moscow state University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–in_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of in_(2)O_(3),intermediate products in(Oh)_(3)and inOOh are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-in_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-in_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-in_(2)O_(3)to rh-in_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-in_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-in_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPs results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-in_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-in_(2)O_(3).Compared to in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–in_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to h_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between in_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide indium oxide Nanocomposite hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase sensor response Conductivity hydrogen Response/recovery time

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RARREs2's impact on lipid metabolism in triplenegative breast cancer:a pathway to brain metastasis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 311-312页

作者： Quazi T.h.shubhra institute of Chemistry University of Silesia in Katowice41‑500 ChorzowPoland Department of Neurosurgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM)is a crucial and hard area of research which guarantees an urgent need to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.A recent study by Li et al.[1]published in Military Medical Research investigated the role of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARREs2)in regulating lipid metabolism in BCBrM,highlighting the clinical relevance of alterations in lipid metabolites,such as phosphatidylcholine(PC)and triacylglycerols(TAGs),by RARREs2 through the modulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(sREBP1)signaling *** commentary aims to elaborate on the key findings and their relevance to the field.

关键词： Retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARREs2) Lipid metabolism Cancer PTEN-mTOR-sREBP1 signaling Metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis

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innovations in endoscopic ultrasound for portal hypertension and its role in managing complications in clinical practice:Lessons learned from a tertiary referral public hospital

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Portal hypertension & Cirrhosis 2024年第1期3卷 31-35页

作者： Cosmas R.A.Lesmana Kemal F.Kalista saut h.h.Nababan Juferdy Kurniawan Chyntia O.M.Jasirwan Andri s.sulaiman irsan hasan Rino A.Gani Department of internal Medicine Hepatobiliary DivisionDr.Cipto Mangunkusumo National General HospitalMedical Faculty Universitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Digestive Disease&Gi Oncology Center Medistra HospitalJakartaIndonesia Gastrointestinal Cancer Center MRCCC Siloam Semanggi HospitalJakartaIndonesia

Portal hypertension(Ph)poses significant *** paper presents an innovative study on the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound(EUs)for both the diagnosis and management of *** at *** Mangunkusumo National General hospital in Jakarta,this retrospective case series included patients diagnosed with Ph through clinical examination,imaging evaluation,and *** criteria comprised a history of reduced blood consumption within the last 5 days,hepatocellular carcinoma,massive ascites,or elevated international normalized ratio(>1.4).EUs-guided portal pressure gradient(PPG)measurements were performed using an innovative standard *** study involved 15 patients,with 14 having liver cirrhosis and 1 diagnosed with Budd–Chiari *** them,nine patients experienced bleeding due to gastroesophageal *** and large esophageal varices were identified in four and eight patients,*** varices type 1 were observed in two patients,and type 2 in four *** gastric fundal varices type 1 were present in one *** on EUs-PPG measurements,14 patients exhibited clinically significant portal *** patients underwent endoscopic band ligation and three underwent EUs-guided cyanoacrylate injection during the same session as the EUs-PPG measurement ***,no adverse events,such as abdominal pain,perforation,or bleeding were observed during or after the *** emerges as a promising and accurate tool for both diagnosis and management.

关键词： cyanoacrylate injection endoscopic ultrasound liver cirrhosis portal hypertension portal pressure gradient

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Discrete Boltzmann model with split collision for nonequilibrium reactive flows

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 166-188页

作者： Chuandong Lin Kai h Luo huilin Lai sino-French institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Key Laboratory for Thermal science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Department of Mechanical Engineering University College London school of Mathematics and statistics Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications (Ministry of Education) Fujian Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications (FJKLAMA) Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province (FJNU) Fujian Normal University

A multi-relaxation-time discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) with split collision is proposed for both subsonic and supersonic compressible reacting flows, where chemical reactions take place among various components. The physical model is based on a unified set of discrete Boltzmann equations that describes the evolution of each chemical species with adjustable acceleration, specific heat ratio, and Prandtl number. On the right-hand side of discrete Boltzmann equations, the collision,force, and reaction terms denote the change rates of distribution functions due to self-and crosscollisions, external forces, and chemical reactions, respectively. The source terms can be calculated in three ways, among which the matrix inversion method possesses the highest physical accuracy and computational efficiency. Through Chapman–Enskog analysis, it is proved that the DBM is consistent with the reactive Navier–stokes equations, Fick's law and the stefan–Maxwell diffusion equation in the hydrodynamic limit. Compared with the one-step-relaxation model, the split collision model offers a detailed and precise description of hydrodynamic, thermodynamic, and chemical nonequilibrium effects. Finally, the model is validated by six benchmarks, including multicomponent diffusion, mixture in the force field, Kelvin–helmholtz instability, flame at constant pressure, opposing chemical reaction, and steady detonation.

关键词： detonation discrete Boltzmann method nonequilibrium effect reactive flow

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highly Defective Dark TiO_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor Nature and Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 198-209页

作者： E.D.Fakhrutdinova O.A.Reutova T.A.Bugrova i.Yu.Ovsyuk L.s.Kibis O.A.stonkus D.B.Vasilchenko O.V.Vodyankina V.A.svetlychnyi National Research Tomsk state University TomskRussia 634050 Novosibirsk state University NovosibirskRussia 630090 Boreskov institute of Catalysis NovosibirskRussia 630090 Nikolaev institute of inorganic Chemistry NovosibirskRussia 630090

The study focused on the modification with platinum of dark defective titania obtained via pulsed laser ablation. Both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were varied. All samples exhibited similar phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. high-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with pulsed CO adsorption revealed increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate complex (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (Oh) _(2) (NO _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sample featured a high content of single-atom species and subnano-sized Pt clusters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the photoreduction method facilitated the appearance of a larger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal-support interaction (sMsi) eff ect of the transfer of electron density from the electron-saturated defects on the TiO _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . in the hydrogen evolution reaction, samples with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capable of generating short-lived Pt^(0) single-atom sites under irradiation due to the sMsi eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The 0.5Pt(C)/TiO_(2) -Ph sample exhibited the highest hydrogen yield with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activity even after 8 h of operation.

关键词： Dark(black)TiO_(2) Pulsed laser ablation Platinum reduction method Precursor type Photocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction

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