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Chemical and mechanical properties of stainless, environment-friendly, and nonflammable Mg alloys (sEN alloys): A review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 841-872页

作者： Jong Un Lee Hyun Ji kim sang-Cheol Jin Ye Jin kim Young Min kim Bong sun You Jun Ho Bae sung Hyuk Park Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Materials science and Metallurgical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Missile Research Institute Agency for Defense DevelopmentDaejeon 34060Republic of Korea

This review article provides overall understanding of stainless,environment-friendly,and nonflammable Mg alloys(sEN alloys)recently developed at the Korea Institute of Materials *** alloys are produced by adding small amounts of Ca and Y(eachg–Al based alloys,resulting in exceptional ignition and corrosion resistances and impressive mechanical *** main advantages of sEN alloys are as follows.(1)A dense multi-oxide layer of sEN alloys comprising MgO,CaO,and Y_(2)O_(3) impedes the outward dispersion of Mg vapor and the inward penetration of O_(2) during oxidation,thereby enhancing the oxidation and ignition resistances.(2)The presence of Ca-and Y-based second-phase particles in sEN alloys can enhance their corrosion resistance because Ca-containing particles prevent the spread of corrosion,and the replacement of Al-containing particles with less noble ones containing Y(e.g.,Al–Mn–Y or Al–Y particles)retards corrosion.(3)The addition of minor amounts of Ca and Y renders excellent mechanical properties due to improved strengthening *** enhanced properties are attributed to more pronounced dynamic recrystallization and grain refining behaviors caused by the second-phase particles during extrusion.(4)Despite the presence of various types of second-phase particles,the fatigue properties of sEN9 alloys are similar to those of commercial AZ91 alloys.(5)simultaneous introduction of Ca and Y suppresses the formation of Mg17Al12 discontinuous precipitates during aging,leading to the enhanced elongation of aged sEN alloys.(6)Adding mischmetal into the sEN9 alloy leads to a six-fold enhancement in ***,the studies conducted on sEN alloys demonstrate their excellent ignition and corrosion resistances and mechanical properties,which broaden the industrial applications of Mg alloys by addressing their inherent weaknesses.

关键词： sEN magnesium alloy Corrosion resistance Ignition resistance Mechanical properties Extrudability.

Increasing concentrations of dietary threonine,tryptophan,and glycine improve growth performance and intestinal health with decreasing stress responses in broiler chickens raised under multiple stress conditions

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第3期18卷 145-153页

作者： Hyun Woo kim Jong Hyuk kim gi Ppeum Han Dong Yong Kil Department of Animal science and Technology Chung-Ang UniversityAnseong-siGyeonggi-do 17546Republic of Korea Department of Animal science Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644Republic of Korea

The current study aimed to compare the effects of increasing concentrations of dietary threonine(Thr),tryptophan(Trp),and glycine(gly)on growth performance,stress biomarkers,and intestinal function in broiler chickens under multiple stress *** hundred sixty broiler chickens at 21 d old were randomly allotted to 5 treatments with 8 *** in a positive control(PC)treatment were raised under low stock density(16.9 birds/m2 per cage)with recommended environmental conditions,whereas birds in 4 treatments were subjected to multiple stress conditions:a cyclic heat stress of 30±0.3°C for 10 h and 23±0.2°C for 14 h per day with high stock density(25.3 birds/m2 per cage).A basal diet was assigned to both PC and negative control(NC)*** additional diets were individually formulated to contain double concentrations of digestible Thr,Trp,or gly+ser compared with their concentrations in the basal *** experiment lasted for 14 *** showed that NC treatment had less growth performance(Pgoblet cell counts(P=0.018),and trans-epithelial electrical resistance(TEER;Pgreater(P=0.026)feather corticosterone(CORT)concentrations than PC *** treatment showed the least(Psion ratio(FCR)among treatments under multiple stress ***,Trp,and gly treatments had less(P=0.026)feather CORT concentrations,but had greater(Psion,increasing concentrations of dietary Thr,Trp,or gly improve the growth performance and intestinal health in broiler chickens with decreasing stress response under multiple stress conditions.

关键词： Broiler chicken glycine Multiple stress Threonine Tryptophan

stable immobilization of lithium polysulfides using three-dimensional ordered mesoporous Mn_(2)O_(3) as the host material in lithium-sulfur batteries

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Carbon Energy 2024年第6期6卷 99-112页

作者： sung Joon Park Yun Jeong Choi Hyun-seung kim Min Joo Hong Hongjun Chang Janghyuk Moon Young-Jun kim Junyoung Mun Ki Jae kim Department of Energy science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea Department of Energy Engineering Konkuk UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Advanced Batteries Research Center Korea Electronic Technology InstituteSeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Future Energy Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Energy systems Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea sKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-doRepublic of Korea sKKU Institute of Energy science and Technology(sIEsT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea school of Advanced Materials science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LsBs)have drawn significant attention owing to their high theoretical discharge capacity and energy ***,the dissolution of long-chain polysulfides into the electrolyte during the charge and discharge process(“shuttle effect”)results in fast capacity fading and inferior electrochemical *** this study,Mn_(2)O_(3)with an ordered mesoporous structure(OM-Mn_(2)O_(3))was designed as a cathode host for LsBs via KIT-6 hard templating,to effectively inhibit the polysulfide shuttle ***-Mn_(2)O_(3)offers numerous pores to confine sulfur and tightly anchor the dissolved polysulfides through the combined effects of strong polar-polar interactions,polysulfides,and sulfur chain *** OM-Mn_(2)O_(3)/s composite electrode delivered a discharge capacity of 561 mAh g^(-1) after 250 cycles at 0.5 C owing to the excellent performance of OM-Mn_(2)O_(3).Furthermore,it retained a discharge capacity of 628mA h g^(-1) even at a rate of 2 C,which was significantly higher than that of a pristine sulfur electrode(206mA h g^(-1)).These findings provide a prospective strategy for designing cathode materials for high-performance LsBs.

关键词： host material lithium-sulfur battery ordered mesoporous structure shuttle effect transition-metal oxides

Weighted Forwarding in graph Convolution Networks for Recommendation Information systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1897-1914页

作者： sang-min Lee Namgi kim Department of Computer science Kyonggi UniversitySuwonKorea

Recommendation Information systems(RIs)are pivotal in helping users in swiftly locating desired content from the vast amount of information available on the *** Convolution Network(gCN)algorithms have been employed to implement the RIs ***,the gCN algorithm faces limitations in terms of performance enhancement owing to the due to the embedding value-vanishing problem that occurs during the learning *** address this issue,we propose a Weighted Forwarding method using the gCN(WF-gCN)*** proposed method involves multiplying the embedding results with different weights for each hop layer during graph *** applying the WF-gCN algorithm,which adjusts weights for each hop layer before forwarding to the next,nodes with many neighbors achieve higher embedding *** approach facilitates the learning of more hop layers within the gCN *** efficacy of the WF-gCN was demonstrated through its application to various *** the MovieLens dataset,the implementation of WF-gCN in LightgCN resulted in significant performance improvements,with recall and NDCg increasing by up to+163.64%and+132.04%,***,in the *** dataset,LightgCN using WF-gCN enhanced with WF-gCN showed substantial improvements,with the recall and NDCg metrics rising by up to+174.40%and+169.95%,***,the application of WF-gCN to self-supervised graph Learning(sgL)and simple graph Contrastive Learning(simgCL)also demonstrated notable enhancements in both recall and NDCg across these datasets.

关键词： Deep learning graph neural network graph convolution network graph convolution network model learning method recommender information systems

Trends in colorectal cancer incidence according to an increase in the number of colonoscopy cases in Korea

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第1期16卷 51-60页

作者： ga Hee kim Yeong Chan Lee Tae Jun kim sung Noh Hong Dong Kyung Chang Young-Ho kim Dong-Hoon Yang Chang Mo Moon Kyunga kim Hyun gun kim Eun-Ran kim Division of gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Department of Digital Health Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science and TechnologySungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Division of gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineEwha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea Biomedical statistics Center Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea Division of gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoul 04401South Korea

BACKgROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)and preinvasive CRC(e.g.,early colon cancer and advanced adenoma)is gradually increasing in several *** To evaluate the trend in incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC according to the increase in the number of colonoscopies performed in *** This retrospective cohort study enrolled Korean patients from 2002 to 2020 to evaluate the incidence of CRC and preinvasive CRC,and assess the numbers of diagnostic colonoscopies and colonoscopic ***-related complications by age group were also *** The incidence of CRC showed a rapid increase,then decreased after 2012 in the 50-75 year-age *** the study period,the rate of incidence of preinvasive CRC increased at a similar level in patients under 50 and 50-75 years of *** 2009,the increase has been rapid,showing a pattern similar to the increase in *** rate of colonoscopic polypectomy in patients aged under 50 was similar to the rate in patients over 75 years of age after *** rate of complications after colonoscopy and related deaths within 3 mo was high for those over 75 years of *** The diagnosis of preinvasive CRC increased with the increase in the number of colonoscopies *** the risk of colonoscopy-related hospitalization and death is high in the elderly,if early lesions at risk of developing CRC are diagnosed and treated under or at the age of 75,colonoscopy-related complications can be reduced for those aged 76 years or over.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Preinvasive colorectal cancer Colorectal polypectomy Colonoscopy

On-chip physiological mimicry of neurovascular unit: challenges and perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 499-500页

作者： song Ih Ahn YongTae kim school of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusanSouth Korea george W.Woodruff school of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGAUSA

Neurological disorders including neurodegenerative diseases,brain tumors,and stroke are the second leading cause of death and the greatest cause of disability ***,it remains challenging to achieve effective drug delivery to the central nervous system for treatments of neurological diseases due to the blood-brain barrier(BBB).The function of the BBB is regulated by the physiological interactions between various types of cells in the neurovascular unit(NVU).In the NVU,the brain vasculature of the BBB is surrounded by brain pericytes,brain astrocytes,neurons,and microglia(Figure 1).Moreover,the NVU at the levels of arteries and veins includes contractile smooth muscle cells(schaeffer and Iadecola,2021).

关键词： diseases death arteries

YOLO-Based Damage Detection with stylegAN3 Data Augmentation for Parcel Information-Recognition system

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 195-215页

作者： seolhee kim sang-Duck Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Logistics system Research Division Korea Railroad Research InstituteUiwang16105Republic of Korea

Damage to parcels reduces customer satisfactionwith delivery services and increases return-logistics *** can be prevented by detecting and addressing the damage before the parcels reach the ***,various studies have been conducted on deep learning techniques related to the detection of parcel *** study proposes a deep learning-based damage detectionmethod for various types of *** is intended to be part of a parcel information-recognition systemthat identifies the volume and shipping information of parcels,and determines whether they are damaged;this method is intended for use in the actual parcel-transportation *** this purpose,1)the study acquired image data in an environment simulating the actual parcel-transportation process,and 2)the training dataset was expanded based on stylegAN3 with adaptive discriminator ***,3)a preliminary distinction was made between the appearance of parcels and their damage status to enhance the performance of the parcel damage detection model and analyze the causes of parcel ***,using the dataset constructed based on the proposed method,a damage type detection model was trained,and its mean average precision was *** model can improve customer satisfaction and reduce return costs for parcel delivery companies.

关键词： Parcel delivery service damage detection damage classification data augmentation generative adversarial network

A Transfer Function Design for Medical Volume Data Using a Knowledge Database Based on Deep Image and Primitive Intensity Profile Features Retrieval

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Journal of Computer science & Technology 2024年第2期39卷 320-335页

作者： Younhyun Jung Jim Kong 盛斌 Jinman kim school of Computing Gachon UniversitySeongnam 13120Korea school of Computer science The University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Department of Computer science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Direct volume rendering(DVR)is a technique that emphasizes structures of interest(sOIs)within a volume visually,while simultaneously depicting adjacent regional information,e.g.,the spatial location of a structure concerning its *** DVR,transfer function(TF)plays a key role by enabling accurate identification of sOIs interactively as well as ensuring appropriate visibility of *** generation typically involves non-intuitive trial-and-error optimization of rendering parameters,which is time-consuming and *** at mitigating this manual process have led to approaches that make use of a knowledge database consisting of pre-designed TFs by domain *** these approaches,a user navigates the knowledge database to find the most suitable pre-designed TF for their input volume to visualize the *** these approaches potentially reduce the workload to generate the TFs,they,however,require manual TF navigation of the knowledge database,as well as the likely fine tuning of the selected TF to suit the *** this work,we propose a TF design approach,CBR-TF,where we introduce a new content-based retrieval(CBR)method to automatically navigate the knowledge *** of pre-designed TFs,our knowledge database contains volumes with sOI *** an input volume,our CBR-TF approach retrieves relevant volumes(with sOI labels)from the knowledge database;the retrieved labels are then used to generate and optimize TFs of the *** approach largely reduces manual TF navigation and fine *** our CBR-TF approach,we introduce a novel volumetric image feature which includes both a local primitive intensity profile along the sOIs and regional spatial semantics available from the co-planar images to the *** the regional spatial semantics,we adopt a convolutional neural network to obtain high-level image feature *** the intensity profile,we extend the dynamic time warping technique to address subtle alignment

关键词： data retrieval direct volume rendering ray analysis transfer function

Discovering peptides and computational investigations of a multiepitope vaccine target Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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synthetic and systems Biotechnology 2024年第3期9卷 391-405页

作者： Truc Ly Nguyen Heebal kim Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea egnome Inc.Seoul05836Republic of Korea

Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)is the causative agent of tuberculosis(TB),a prevalent airborne infectious *** the availability of the Bacille Calmette-guerin vaccine,its global efficacy remains modest,and tuberculosis persists as a significant global public health *** this challenge and advancing towards the End MTB strategy,we developed a multiepitope vaccine(MEV)based on immunoinformatics and compu-tational *** screening of MBT protein identified immune-dominant epitopes based on Major Histocompatibility Complex(MHC)allele binding,immunogenicity,antigenicity,allergenicity,toxicity,and cytokine *** epitopes were integrated into an MEV construct with adjuvant and linkers,forming a fully immunogenic vaccine *** analyses encompassed the evaluation of immunological and physicochemical properties,determination of tertiary structure,molecular docking with Toll-Like Receptors(TLR),molecular dynamics(MD)simulations for all atoms,and immune *** MEV comprises 534 amino acids,featuring 6 cytotoxic T lymphocyte,8 helper T lymphocyte,and 7 linear B lymphocyte epitopes,demonstrating high antigenicity and ***,molecular docking studies and triplicate MD simulations revealed enhanced interactions and stability of MEV with the TLR4 complex compared to *** addition,the immune simulation indicated the capacity to effectively induce elevated levels of an-tibodies and cytokines,emphasizing the vaccine’s robust immunogenic *** study presents a promising MEV against TB,exhibiting favorable immunological and physicochemical *** findings provide theoretical support for TB vaccine *** study aligns with the global initiative of the End MTB strategy,emphasizing its potential impact on addressing persistent challenges in TB control.

关键词： Mycobacterium tuberculosis Tuberculosis Multiepitope vaccine Docking molecular Molecular dynamics simulation Immune simulation