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Two-stream Approximation to the Radiative Transfer Equation:A New Improvement and Comparative Accuracy with Existing Methods

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2024年第2期41卷 278-292页

作者： f.Momo TEMGOUA L.Akana NGUIMDO DNJOMO Environmental Energy Technologies Laboratory(EETL) Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundéPO Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyUniversity of BueaPO Box 63 BueaCameroon

Mathematical modeling of the interaction between solar radiation and the Earth's atmosphere is formalized by the radiative transfer equation(RTE), whose resolution calls for two-stream approximations among other methods. This paper proposes a new two-stream approximation of the RTE with the development of the phase function and the intensity into a third-order series of Legendre polynomials. This new approach, which adds one more term in the expression of the intensity and the phase function, allows in the conditions of a plane parallel atmosphere a new mathematical formulation of γparameters. It is then compared to the Eddington, Hemispheric Constant, Quadrature, Combined Delta function and Modified Eddington, and second-order approximation methods with reference to the Discrete Ordinate(Disort) method(δ –128 streams), considered as the most precise. This work also determines the conversion function of the proposed New Method using the fundamental definition of two-stream approximation(f-TsA) developed in a previous work. Notably,New Method has generally better precision compared to the second-order approximation and Hemispheric Constant methods. Compared to the Quadrature and Eddington methods, New Method shows very good precision for wide domains of the zenith angle μ 0, but tends to deviate from the Disort method with the zenith angle, especially for high values of optical thickness. In spite of this divergence in reflectance for high values of optical thickness, very strong correlation with the Disort method(R ≈ 1) was obtained for most cases of optical thickness in this study. An analysis of the Legendre polynomial series for simple functions shows that the high precision is due to the fact that the approximated functions ameliorate the accuracy when the order of approximation increases, although it has been proven that there is a limit order depending on the function from which the precision is lost. This observation indicates that increasing the order of app

关键词： Radiative Transfer Equation two-stream method Legendre polynomial optical thickness moments of specific intensity conversion function transmittance reflectance

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Photometric and spectroscopic study of Ten Low Mass Ratio Contact Binary systems:Orbital stability,O'Connell Effect and Infrared Calcium Line filling

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 212-222页

作者： surjit s.Wadhwa Adam Popowicz Raúl Michel Petar Kostić Oliver Vince Nick f.H.Tothill Ain Y.De Horta Miroslav D.filipović school of science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW 2751Australia Department of Electronics Electrical Engineering and MicroelectronicsSilesian University of TechnologyAkademicka 1644120 GliwicePoland Instituto de Astronomía UNAM.A.P.87722800 EnsenadaBCMéxico Astronomical Observatory Volgina 711060 BelgradeSerbia

Low mass ratio contact binary systems are more likely to have unstable orbits and potentially *** addition,such systems exhibit characteristics such as starspots and high energy emissions(UV)suggestive of chromospheric and magnetic *** curve modeling of ten contact binary systems is *** were found to be of extreme low mass ratio ranging from 0.122 to 0.24 and three were found to be potentially unstable and possible merger *** of the infrared calcium absorption lines is a marker of increased chromospheric *** use the available Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber spectroscopic Telescope spectra along with matched standard spectra(broadened for rotation)to measure the excess filling of the central core depression flux of the two main infrared calcium absorption linesλ8542 andλ*** find that all reported contact binaries have excess filling of the core flux in the infrared calcium *** of the systems reported were also observed by the Galaxy Evolution Explorer mission and we find that all three have features of excess ultraviolet emissions further adding evidence for increased chromospheric activity in low mass ratio contact *** of both orbital stability and absorption line filling is dependent on the determination of geometric and absolute parameters from light curve *** an insignificant number of contact binary light curves exhibit the O’Connell effect,usually attributed to *** discuss the inclusion of starspots in light curve solutions and how they influence the geometric and absolute parameters.

关键词： (stars)binaries eclipsing-techniques photometric-stars chromospheres

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Dynamic and electrical responses of a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 155-178页

作者： N.sHAHVEIsI s.fELI Department of Mechanical Engineering Razi UniversityKermanshah ***Iran

The dynamic responses and generated voltage in a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate(GRL)layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact(LVI)are *** current study aims to carry out a dynamic analysis on the sandwich beam when the impactor hits the top face sheet with an initial *** the layer analysis,the high-order shear deformation theory(HsDT)and frostig's second model for the displacement fields of the core layer are *** classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory and Hunter's principle are used to calculate the dynamic responses in terms of *** order to validate the analytical method,the outcomes of the current investigation are compared with those gained by the experimental tests carried out by other researchers for a rectangular composite plate subject to the *** element(fE)simulations are conducted by means of the ABAQUs *** effects of the parameters such as foam modulus,layer material,fiber angle,impactor mass,and its velocity on the generated voltage are reviewed.

关键词： analytical model piezoelectric layer curved sandwich beam glass reinforced laminate(GRL) pliable core low-velocity impact(LVI) classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory

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formation of diffuse and spark discharges between two needle electrodes with the scattering of particles

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Plasma science and Technology 2024年第9期26卷 32-39页

作者： Victor f TARAsENKO Dmitry V BELOPLOTOV Alexei N PANCHENKO Dmitry A sOROKIN Institute of High Current Electronics Siberian BranchRussian Academy of SciencesTomsk 634055Russia National Research Tomsk state University Tomsk 634050Russia

The development of a nanosecond discharge in a pin-to-pin gap filled with air at atmospheric pressure has been studied with high temporal and spatial resolutions from a breakdown start to the spark *** and negative nanosecond voltage pulses with an amplitude of tens of kilovolts were ***-resolved images of the discharge development were taken with a fourchannel Intensified Charge Coupled Device(ICCD)*** minimum delay between the camera channels could be as short as≈0.1 *** made it possible to study the gap breakdown process with subnanosecond *** was observed that a wide-diameter streamer develops from the high-voltage pointed *** ionization processes near the grounded pin electrode started when the streamer crossed half of the *** bridging the gap by the streamer,a diffuse discharge was *** development of spark leaders from bright spots on the surface of the pointed electrodes was observed at the next *** was found that the rate of development of the spark leader is an order of magnitude lower than that of the wide-diameter *** thin luminous tracks were observed against the background of a discharge plasma *** has been established that the tracks are adjacent to brightly glowing spots on the electrodes and are associated with the flight of small particles.

关键词： needle electrodes short voltage pulses atmospheric air streamer breakdown diffuse and spark discharges scattering metal particles

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MXenes for Bioinspired soft Actuators:Advancements in Angle-Independent structural Colors and Beyond

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 18-34页

作者： siavash Iravani Rajender s.Varma Independent Researcher W Nazar STBoostan AveIsfahanIran Centre of Excellence for Research in sustainable Chemistry Department of ChemistryFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565‑905Brazil

soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics,biomedical devices,and biomimetic *** actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms,aiming to attain enhanced flexibility,adaptability,and *** the other hand,angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering *** carefully controlling the size,shape,and arrangement of nanostructures,researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing *** promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and optical *** integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting *** material compatibility issues,improving color reproducibility,scalability,durability,power supply efficiency,and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these *** perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angleindependent structural color in soft robotics.

关键词： MXenes MXene-based composites Bioinspired soft robotics Angle-independent structural color

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New evidence for the epigenetic regulation of skeletal stem cells

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science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming Zhao Jun Xiao Charles K.f.Chan Institute for stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Orthopaedic surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

skeletal stem cells(ssCs)are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of ssCs,highlighting the involvement of Ptip in regulating ssC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(ssCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MsCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain

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Artificial ground freezing of underground mines in cold regions using thermosyphons with air insulation

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International Journal of Mining science and Technology 2024年第5期34卷 643-654页

作者： Ahmad f.Zueter Mohammad Zolfagharroshan Navid Bahrani Agus P.sasmito Department of Civil and Resource Engineering Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H4R2Canada Department of Mining Engineering McGill UniversityMontreal H3A0E8Canada

Current practice of underground artificial ground freezing(AGf)typically involves huge refrigeration systems of large economic and environmental *** this study,a novel AGf technique is proposed deploying available cold wind in cold *** is achieved by a static heat transfer device called thermosyphon equipped with an air insulation layer.A refrigeration unit can be optionally integrated to meet additional cooling *** introduction of air insulation isolates the thermosyphon from ground zones where freezing is not needed,resulting in:(1)steering the cooling resources(cold wind or refrigeration)towards zones of interest;and(2)minimizing refrigeration *** design is demonstrated using well-validated mathematical models from our previous work based on two-phase enthalpy method of the ground coupled with a thermal resistance network for the *** Canadian mines are considered:the Cigar Lake Mine and the Giant *** results show that our proposed design can speed the freezing time by 30%at the Giant Mine and by two months at the Cigar Lake ***,a cooling load of 2.4 GWh can be saved at the Cigar Lake ***,this study provides mining practitioners with sustainable solutions of underground AGf.

关键词： Artificial ground freezing Underground mining sustainable mining Thermosyphon Air insulation Cold regions

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Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell Charles f.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

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Digital twin-and extended reality-based telepresence for collaborative robot programming in the 6G perspective

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第2期10卷 315-327页

作者： Davide Calandra f.Gabriele Pratticò Alberto Cannavò Claudio Casetti fabrizio Lamberti Politecnico di Torino Department of Control and Computer EngineeringCorso Duca Degli Abruzzi2410129TurinItaly

In the context of Industry 4.0,a paradigm shift from traditional industrial manipulators to Collaborative Robots(CRs)is ongoing,with the latter serving ever more closely humans as auxiliary tools in many production *** this scenario,continuous technological advancements offer new opportunities for further innovating robotics and other areas of next-generation *** example,6G could play a prominent role due to its human-centric view of the industrial *** particular,its expected dependability features will pave the way for new applications exploiting highly effective Digital Twin(DT)-and eXtended Reality(XR)-based *** this work,a novel application for the above technologies allowing two distant users to collaborate in the programming of a CR is *** approach encompasses demanding data flows(e.g.,point cloud-based streaming of collaborating users and robotic environment),with network latency and bandwidth *** obtained by analyzing this approach from the viewpoint of network requirements in a setup designed to emulate 6G connectivity indicate that the expected performance of forthcoming mobile networks will make it fully feasible in principle.

关键词： 6G Digital twin Telepresence Collaborative robots Industry 4.0 Augmented reality Virtual reality Point cloud streaming

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Tensor force impact on shell evolution in neutron-rich si and Ni isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 95-106页

作者： s.V.sidorov A.s.Kornilova T.Yu.Tretyakova faculty of Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119991Russia

The influence of the tensor interaction of nucleons on the characteristics of neutron-rich silicon and nickel isotopes was studied in this *** forces are considered within the framework of the Hartree-fock approach with the skyrme *** addition of a tensor component of interaction is shown to improve the description of the splittings between different single-particle states and decrease nucleon-nucleon pairing correlations in silicon and nickel *** attention was directed toward the role of isovector tensor forces relevant to the interaction of like nucleons.

关键词： nuclear shell model tensor interaction silicon isotopes nickel isotopes

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