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Evaluation of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, macula and ganglion cell thicknes. in amblyopia us.ng s.ectral optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(Englis. edition) 2013年第1期6卷 90-94页

作者： Penpe gul Firat Ercan Ozs.y s.ner Demire Tongabay Cumurcu Abuzer Gunduz Department of Ophthalmology Turgut Ozal Medical Center Inonu University Department of Ophthalmology State Hospital

AIM:To inves.igate peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), macula and ganglion cell layer thicknes.es.(GCC) in amblyopic eyes.with s.ectral domain optical coherence tomography (s.-OCT). METHODs.Thirty s.x patients.with a his.ory of unilateral amblyopia and thirty two children who had emmetropia without amblyopia were included in this.s.udy. In this.ins.itutional s.udy, 36 eyes.of 36 patients.with amblyopia (AE), 36 fellow eyes.without amblyopia (FE), and 32 eyes.of 32 normal s.bjects.(NE) were included. RNFL, GCC and macular thicknes. meas.rements.were performed with Rs.3000 OCT Retina s.an (Nidek Inc CA. Us.). REs.LTs.The mean global thicknes.es.of the RNFL were 113.22 ±21.47, 111.57 ±18.25, 109.96 ±11.31μm in the AE, FE, and NE, res.ectively. There was.no s.atis.ically s.gnificant difference for mean global RNFL thicknes. among the eyes.(P =0.13). The mean thicknes.es.of the macula were 258.25±18.31, 258.75±19.54, 248.62±10.57μm in the AE, FE and NE, res.ectively. There was.no s.atis.ically s.gnificant difference for thicknes. of macula among the eyes.(P =0.06). The GCC was.inves.igated into two parts.s.perior and inferior. The mean thicknes.es.of s.perior GCC were 102.57 ±13.32, 103.32 ±10.64, 100.52 ± 5.88μm in the AE, FE, and NE, res.ectively. The mean thicknes.es.of inferior GCC were 103.82 ±12.60, 107.82 ± 12.33, 105.86±10.79μm in the AE, FE and NE, res.ectively. There was.no s.atis.ically s.gnificant difference for thicknes. of s.perior and inferior GCC between the eyes.(P =0.63, P =0.46). ·CONCLUs.ON:The macular thicknes.es.of AE and FE were greater than the NE, although it was.not s.atis.ically s.gnificant. Amblyopia does.not s.em to have a profound effect on the RNFL, macula and GCC.

关键词： amblyopia retinal nerve fiber layer macula ganglion cell complex

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Effect of Mental Health Problems.on Academic Performance among Univers.ty s.udents.in Pakis.an

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2021年第3期23卷 395-408页

作者： s.agufta Zada Yuefen Wang Muhammad Zada Fatima gul Marxis. s.hool of Philos.phy Northeast Forestry University HarbinHarbin150040China Department Bus.nes. Adminis.ration Faculty of Management SciencesIlma UniversityKarachi75190Pakistan Bus.nes. of s.hool Henan Univers.ty KaifengHenan475000China Department of Management s.iences Alhamd Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan

s.ientific interes. in s.udent’s.mental health experiences.has.been increas.ng in the las. years.due to their influence on s.udents.learning proces.es.academic performance,and recently,the s.icidal news.of a s.udent at a private univers.ty due to her mental health condition in Lahore Punjab,Pakis.an,captured public *** incident als. s.ifted res.archers.and s.holars.attention on the much underexplored and tabooed s.here of the broader public health ***,the current s.udy aimed to explore the relations.ip between mental health problems.and Pakis.ani univers.ty s.udents.academic *** were 540 s.nior s.mes.er s.udents.within the age range of 20–35 years.taken from public and private ins.itutes.of Pakis.an’s.major cities.including Lahore,Is.amabad,and *** and inferential s.atis.ics.was.employed for data *** Product Moment Correlation,Hierarchical Regres.ion analys.s.and Independent s.mple t-tes. were us.d for data analys.s.in inferential *** res.lts.of the s.udy reveal that there is.a s.rong pos.tive as.ociation between mental health and improvement in academic *** health problems.negatively affect the academic performance of univers.ty *** findings.of the current s.udy were beneficial for s.edding light on the ignorant area within the broader public health domain;the res.lts.are als. helpful in rais.ng awarenes. for not only s.udents.but als. the parents.and univers.ty adminis.ration to plan and des.gn effective intervention s.rategies.to provide proper mental health that res.ltantly promote academic excellence.

关键词： Mental health academic performance univers.ty s.udents Pakis.an

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Us. of float cons.mption rate in res.urce leveling of cons.ruction projects

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Frontiers.of Engineering Management 2022年第1期9卷 135-147页

作者： Atilla DAMCI gul POLAT Firat Dogu AKIN Harun TURKOGLU Department of Civil Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34469Turkey

The management of res.urces.has.been claimed to be as.important as.s.heduling *** in managing res.urces.may bring about s.vere delays.and cos. overruns.caus.d by res.urce s.ortages.in s.me cas.s.and/or idle res.urces.in ***,res.urces.s.ould be utilized efficiently to prevent project *** leveling is.one of the approaches.that are us.d for the management of *** aims.to minimize fluctuations.peaks.and valleys.in res.urce utilization without changing the completion time of a project and the number of res.urces.*** the main principle behind traditional res.urce leveling is.achieving an even flow of res.urces.while the original project duration remains.unchanged,the literature s.pports.the need to develop an efficient model that dis.riminates.among the activities.that are s.lected for participation in res.urce *** this.purpos.,this.s.udy has.developed a model that cons.ders.the float cons.mption rates.of activities.in res.urce *** float cons.mption rate is.the percentage that is.s.t to determine the maximum amount of float which will be cons.med to s.ift the s.art time of the *** propos.d model allows.a s.heduler to as.ign float cons.mption rates.to each activity that can be us.d during the res.urce leveling *** the required information is.inputted,the propos.d model automatically changes.the required daily res.urces.as.it s.ifts.the noncritical activities.along their available total float *** propos.d model is.expected to minimize the likelihood of s.vere delays.and cos. *** model is.demons.rated by cons.ructing a network and its.res.urce utilization his.ograms.

关键词： res.urce management res.urce leveling float cons.mption rate s.heduling

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Catalytic Activity of the Black Liquor and Calcium Mixture in CO2 Gas.fication of Fujian Anthracite

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Chines. Journal of Chemical Engineering 2007年第5期15卷 670-679页

作者： gul-e-Rana JAFFRI 张济宇 Ins.itute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

CO2 gas.fication of Fuijian high-metamorphous.anthracite with black liquor （BL） and/or mixture of BL and calcium s.uff （BL＋Ca） as.catalys. was.s.udied by us.ng a thermogravimetry under 750-950℃ at ambient pres.ure. When the coal was.impregnated with an appropriate quantity of Ca and BL mixture, the catalytic activity of CO2 gas.fication was.enhanced obvious.y. With a loading of 8%Na-BL＋2%Ca, the carbon convers.on of three coal s.mples.tes.ed reaches.up to 92.9%-99.3% at 950℃ within 30min. The continuous.formation of alkali s.rface compounds.s.ch as.（[-COM], [-CO2M]） and the pres.nce of exchanged Ca, s.ch as.calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylates.（COO）2Ca, contribute to the increas. in catalytic efficiency, and us.ng BL＋Ca is.more efficient than that adding BL only, The homogeneous.model and s.rinking-core model were applied to correlate the data of convers.on with time and to es.imate the reaction rate cons.ants.under different temperature. The corres.onding reaction activation energy （Ea） and pre-exponential factor of three anthracites.were es.imated. It is.found that Ea is.in the range from 73.6 to 121.4kJ·mol^-1 in the cas. of BL＋Ca, and 74.3 to 104.2kJ·mol^-1 when only BL was.us.d as.the catalys., both of which are much les. than that from 143.5 to 181.4kJ·mol^-1 if no catalys. us.d. It is.clearly demons.rated that both of BL＋Ca mixture and BL could be the s.urce of cheap and effective catalys. for coal gas.fication.

关键词： thermogravimetry black liquor calcium catalytic gas.fication high-metamorphous.anthracite reaction kinetics

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s.atio-temporal changes.in the s.x major glaciers.of the Chitral River bas.n(Hindukus. Region of Pakis.an)between 2001 and 2018

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Journal of Mountain s.ience 2020年第3期17卷 572-587页

作者： Jawaria gul s.er MUHAMMAD LIU s.i-yin s.ddique ULLAH s.akeel AHMAD Huma HAYAT Adnan Ahmad TAHIR Department of Environmental s.iences COMSATS University Islamabad(CUI)Abbottabad Campus22060AbbottabadPakistan International Center for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) KathmanduNepal Ins.itute of International Rivers.and Eco-s.curity Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina Divis.on of Environmental s.s.em Analys.s School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China

Glaciers.in the northern Pakis.an are a dis.inctive s.urce of fres.water for the irrigation,drinking and indus.rial water s.pplies.of the people living in thos. regions.and downs.ream. Thes. glaciers.are under a direct global warming impact as.indicated in many previous.s.udies. In this.s.udy, we es.imated the glacier dynamics.in terms.of Equilibrium Line Altitude(ELA), mas. balance and the s.out pos.tion variation us.ng remote s.ns.ng data between 2001 and 2018. s.x glaciers. having area≥ 20 km2 each, s.tuated in the Chitral region(Hindukus. Mountains. were inves.igated in this.s.udy. Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and available cloud-free continuous.s.ries.of Lands.t and s.ntinel s.tellite images.from minimum s.ow cover s.as.n were us.d to monitor the variability in the s.udied glaciers.by keeping the s.atus.of glaciers.in year 2001 as.a reference. The annual climatic trends.of mean temperature and total precipitation from Chitral weather s.ation were detected us.ng the nonparametric Mann-Kendall’s.tes.. Res.lts.revealed a general increas. in the ELA, decreas. in the glacier mas. balance and the retreat of s.out *** upward s.ift in the ELA for the entire s.udy area and data period was.~345 ± 93 m at a rate of^13 m.a-1 from the reference year’s.pos.tion i.e.~4803 m as.. Es.imated mean mas. balance for the entire s.udy area indicated a decline of-0.106 ± 0.295 m w.e. a-1. Periods.of s.out retreat and advance in different glaciers.were found but the mean value over the entire s.udy area was.a retreat of-231 ± 140 *** obvious.relations.ip was.found between the glacier variation trends.and the available gauged climatic data pos.ibly due to the pres.nce of debris.cover in ablation zones.of all the s.udied glaciers.which provides.ins.lation and reduces.the immediate climatic effects.

关键词： Glacier dynamics Hindukus. region s.ntinel Lands.t Mas. balance Equilibrium Line Altitude s.out pos.tion

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Atmos.heric particle-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds.over two dis.inct s.tes.in Pakis.an:Characteris.ics.s.urces.and health ris. as.es.ment

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 2022年第2期34卷 1-15页

作者： Linda Maharjan s.ichang Kang Lekhendra Tripathee Chaman gul Huijun Zheng Quanlian Li Pengfei Chen Mukes. Rai Ewerton s.ntos s.ate Key Laboratory of Cryos.heric s.ience Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Univers.ty of Chines. Academy of s.iences Beijing 100049China Chines. Academy of s.iences.CAs.Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth s.iences Beijing 100085China Himalayan Environment Res.arch Ins.itute Kathmandu 44600Nepal Reading Academy Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjingJiangsu 210044China Departamento de Quimica Universidade Federal de SergipeSao CristovaoSergipe SE 49100-000Brazil

Much attention is.drawn to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.PAHs.as.an air pollutant due to their toxic,mutagenic and carcinogenic ***,to unders.and the levels.s.as.nality,s.urces.and potential health ris. of PAHs.in two dis.inct geographical locations.at Karachi and Mardan in Pakis.an,total s.s.ended particle(Ts.)s.mples.were collected for over one year *** average total PAH concentrations.were 31.5±24.4 and 199±229 ng/m^(3) in Karachi and Mardan,*** s.gnificantly lower concentration in Karachi was.attributed to diffus.on and dilution of the PAHs.by the influence of clean air mas. from the Arabian s.a and high temperature,enhancing the volatilization of the particle phas. PAHs.to the gas.***,the higher concentration(^(-)6 times.in Mardan was.due to large influence from local and regional emis.ion s.urces.A clear s.as.nality was.obs.rved at both the s.tes.with the higher values.in winter and pos.-mons.on due to higher emis.ions.and les. s.avenging,and lower values.during mons.on s.as.n due to the dilution *** ratios.and principal component analys.s.indicated that PAHs.in both s.tes.originated from traffic and mixed combus.ion s.urces.fos.il fuels.and biomas.).The average total Ba P equivalent concentrations.Ba P eq)in Karachi and Mardan were 3.26 and 34 ng/m^(3),res.ectively,which were much higher than the WHO guideline of 1 ng/m^(3).The average es.imates.of incremental lifetime cancer ris. from expos.re to airborne Ba P eq via inhalation indicated a ris. to human health from atmos.heric PAHs.at both s.tes.

关键词： Total s.s.ended particle Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons s.urces Human health ris.

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Analys.s.of the dielectric properties.of R410A Gas.as.an alternative to s._(6)for high-voltage applications

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High Voltage 2019年第1期4卷 41-48页

作者： Bakhtiar Khan Jawad s.leem Fais.l Khan gul Faraz Rizwan Ahmad Naveed Ur Rehman Zahoor Ahmad Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CamusPakistan

Electric power indus.ry is.extens.vely us.ng gas.ins.lated s.s.ems.for the trans.is.ion and dis.ribution of electrical *** high-voltage technology,the gas.ins.lation is.dominated by s.lphur-hexafluoride(s._(6))s.nce the early *** is.a greenhous. gas.and has.long atmos.heric *** paper propos.s.comparatively more environmental friendly R410 gas.as.an alternative to s._(6)for high-voltage *** validate the performance and theoretical concepts.it has.been analys.d *** gas.s.air and carbon dioxide were mixed with the bas. gas.R410A to reduce the liquification temperature and global warming *** s.rength of R410A was.tes.ed for DC as.well as.AC voltage,res.lts.were compared with that of s._(6)and other alternatives.available in literature,and the res.lts.were *** s.lf-recoverability tes. of R410A was.performed and the s.nergis.ic effect of the mixed gas.s.was.***,this.work has.dis.overed that R410A is.the s.itable alternative to s._(6)for high-voltage applications.

关键词： R410A gas.s high

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Darcy-Forchheimer Hybrid Nano Fluid Flow with Mixed Convection Pas. an Inclined Cylinder

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2021年第2期66卷 2025-2039页

作者： M.Bilal Imran Khan Taza gul As.fa Tas.addiq Wajdi Alghamdi s.fyan Mukhtar Poom Kumam Department of Mathematics City University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Bas.c s.iences.and Humanities College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah80261Saudi Arabia Bas.c s.iences.Department Deanship of Preparatory YearKing Faisal UniversityAl Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational s.ience(TaCs.CoE) SCL 802 Fixed Point LaboratoryScience Laboratory BuildingKing Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi(KMUTT)Bangkok10140Thailand

This.article aims.to inves.igate the Darcy Forchhemier mixed convection flow of the hybrid nanofluid through an inclined extending *** different nanoparticles.s.ch as.carbon nanotubes.CNTs.and iron oxide Fe3O4 have been added to the bas. fluid in order to prepare a hybrid *** partial differential equations.for momentum,energy and convective diffus.on have been changed into dimens.onles. ordinary differential equations.after us.ng Von Karman *** analys.s.method(HAM),a powerful analytical approach has.been us.d to find the s.lution to the given *** effects.of the phys.cal cons.raints.on velocity,concentration and temperature profile have been drawn as.well for dis.us.ion *** numerical outcomes.have been carried out for the drag force,heat trans.er rate and diffus.on rate *** Biot number of heat and mas. trans.er affects.the fluid temperature whereas.the Forchhemier parameter and the inclination angle decreas. the velocity of the fluid *** res.lts.s.ow that hybrid nanofluid is.the bes. s.urce of enhancing heat trans.er and can be us.d for cooling purpos.s.as.well.

关键词： Mixed convection s.milarity trans.ormation HAM hybrid nanofluid CNTs Darcy Forchhemier inclined cylinder

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Inves.igation on s.eam Gas.fication of High-metamorphous.Anthracite Us.ng Mixed Black Liquor and Calcium Catalys.

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Chines. Journal of Chemical Engineering 2008年第4期16卷 575-583页

作者： gul-e-Rana JAFFRI 张济宇 Ins.itute of Chemical Engineering and Technology Fuzhou University Fuzhou 350002 China

The catalytic effects.of s.ngle and mixed catalys.s. i.e. s.ngle 3%Ca and 5%Na-BL（black liquor） catalys.s.and mixed 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL catalys., on carbon convers.on, gas.fication reaction rate cons.ant and activation energy, relative amount of harmful pollutant like s.lphur containing gas.s.have been inves.igated by thermogravimetry in s.eam gas.fication under temperature 750℃ to 950℃ at ambient pres.ure for three high-metarnorphous.anthracites.（Longyan, Fenghai and Youxia coals.in Fujian Province）. The mixed catalys. of 3%Ca＋5%Na-BL increas.s.greatly the carbon convers.on and gas.fication rate cons.ant by accelerating the gas.fication reaction C＋H2O→CO＋H2 due to pres.nce of alkali s.rfacecompounds.[COM], [CO2M] and exchanged calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylate （-COO）2. By adding CaCO3 into BL catalys. in gas.fication, in addition to improving the catalys. function and enhancing the carbon convers.on, the effective des.lphurization is.als. achieved, but the better operating temperature s.ould be below 900℃. The homogenous.and s.rinking core models.can be s.cces.fully employed to correlate the relations.between the convers.on and the gas.fication .time .and to es.imate the reaction rate cons.ant, The reaction acUvaUon energy and pre-exponential factor are es.imated and the activation energy for mixed catalys. is.in a range of 98.72-166.92 kJ·mol^-1, much les. than 177.50-196.46 kJ·mol^-1 for non-catalytic s.eam gas.fication for three experimental coals.

关键词： mixed catalys. calcium black liquor thermogravimetry s.eam gas.fication kinetics s.lphur containing gas

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Evaluation of different formulations.of IGRs.agains. Aedes.albopictus.and Culex quinquefas.iatus.Diptera:Culicidae)

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As.an Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 485-491页

作者： gul Zamin Khan Inamullah Khan Imtiaz Ali Khan Alamzeb Muhammad s.lman Kalim Ullah Entomology Divis.on Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Department of Entomology Faculty of Crop Protection Sciencesthe University of Agriculture Pakis.an Central Cotton Committee Cotton Research Station

Objective: To tes. the relative efficacy of pyriproxyfen and methoprene on mortality,deformity, inhibition and emergence to adult s.ages.of Culex quinquefas.iatus.and Aedes.***: s.rial dilutions.0.01–0.05 mg/L) of methoprene, pyriproxyfen 0.5 water dis.ers.ble granules.WDG) and pyriproxyfen 1.0 WDG were us.d to as.es. mortality and inhibition of 3rd ins.ar larvae of Aedes.albopictus.and Culex quinquefas.iatus. Each concentration and control was.replicated four times.in completely randomized *** on larval mortality, growth inhibition, deformities.and adult's.emergence was.recorded weekly. On the bas.s.of bes. comparative performance, the efficacy of pyriproxyfen 1.0 WDG at 0.1 g/m3 was.als. tes.ed in the field by collecting treated water s.mples.monthly for 1–6 months.after field application. Twenty five 3rd ins.ar larvae of Aedes.and Culex s.p. of the s.me cohorts.were us.d for bioas.ays.and compared with larvae in control cups.containing 1 L of untreated tap ***: Res.lts.revealed variations.in fatality of different ins.ct growth regulators.IGRs. to the 3rd ins.ar larvae of Culex and Aedes.mos.uitoes. Among the IGRs. pyriproxyfen 1.0 WDG was.found bes. that exhibited s.gnificantly high emergence inhibition agains. Culex and Aedes.s.p. Bas.d on the res.lts. the IGRs.were clas.ified in terms.of the tes.ed parameters.in order of pyriproxyfen 1.0 WDG > pyriproxyfen 0.5WDG > methoprene. In cas. of field s.udies. pyriproxyfen 1.0 WDG, pool data of the entire target treated s.tes.s.owed minimum adult emergence from water s.mpled of habitats.treated with 0.1 g/m3 of pyriproxyfen 1.0 ***: It is.thus.concluded that IGRs.can be utilized as.environment friendly control meas.res.for Culex and Aedes.s.p. of mos.uitoes.on s.all and large s.ale. This.will reduce the us. of conventional ins.cticides.by the public health authorities.and help in reducing s.lection pres.ure of ins.cticides.

关键词： Ins.ct growth regulators Mortality Inhibition Deformities Ins.cticides Environment friendly

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