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The Two-Dimens.onal s.pers.nic Flow and Mixing with a Perpendicular Injection in a s.ramjet Combus.or

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Journal of Thermal s.ience 2003年第4期12卷 371-380页

作者： Mohammad Ali s. ahmed A.K.M. s.drul Is.am Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.

A numerical inves.igation has.been performed on s.pers.nic mixing of hydrogen with air in a s.ramjet (s.pers.nic Combus.ion Ramjet) combus.or and its.flame holding capability by s.lving Two-Dimens.onal full Navier-s.okes.equations. The main flow is.air entering through a finite width of inlet and gas.ous.hydrogen is.injected perpendicularly from the s.de wall. An explicit Harten-Yee Non-MUs.L Modified-flux-type TVD s.heme has.been us.d to s.lve the s.s.em of equations. and a zero-equation algebraic turbulence model to calculate the eddy vis.os.ty coefficient. In this.s.udy the enhancement of mixing and good flame holding capability of a s.pers.nic combus.or have been inves.igated by varying the dis.ance of injector pos.tion from left boundary keeping cons.ant the backward-facing s.ep height and other calculation parameters. The res.lts.s.ow that the configuration for s.all dis.ance of injector pos.tion has.high mixing efficiency but the ups.ream recirculation can not evolved properly which is.an important factor for flame holding capability. On the other hand, the configuration for very long dis.ance has.lower mixing efficiency due to lower gradient of hydrogen mas. concentration on the top of injector caus.d by the expans.on of s.de jet in both ups.ream and downs.ream of injector. For moderate dis.ance of injector pos.tion, large and elongated ups.ream recirculation can evolve which might be activated as.a good flame holder.

关键词：二维超声流超音速冲压喷射室 Navier-s.okes.程气态氢 TVD图平行气流航空发动机

Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Patient Adherence to Chronic Medications.in s.dan in 2021

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2023年第7期14卷 215-222页

作者： Aya s. ahmed Eman s. Wanas. Khadiga Eltegani Is.am ahmed Abdalla O. Elkhawad Univers.ty of Medical s.ience and Technology (UMs.) Khartoum Sudan General Medicine Medway Maritime Hospital Gillingham UK

Background: As.the coronavirus.s.ared accelerated, various.s.ctors.began to deteriorate s.nce the early s.ages.of the COVID-19 pandemic. The health s.ctor as.one of the major areas.where the pandemic put a huge s.rain was.als. affected in different ways. Precis.ly, patient adherence to medication des.ite difficulties.was.a point of a ques.ion for health s.aff. Thus. this.s.rvey aims.to dis.inguis. and dis.us. the pos.ibility of patients.with chronic medications.receiving their drugs.and taking them regularly as.pres.ribed. Method: Two online ques.ionnaires.were generated us.ng Google forms.and dis.ributed among patients.with chronic illnes.es.and pharmacis.s.in the Khartoum locality. The s.rvey was.conducted during the period of the s.udy to get the mos. recent data. Res.lts. 81.4% of the population s.ated that they did encounter difficulties.in obtaining their chronic medication during the pandemic. Pharmacis.s.reported that drug availability decreas.d by 87% in pharmacies. but a cons.derable proportion of patients.adhered to their medications.(84%), and obtained their medications.through a variety of means. More than half of the patients.ordered their medication illegally, in addition to another approach dis.us.ed in the paper.

关键词： COVID-19 s.dan Adherence Patient Pharmacis.

Real-Time Prediction of Urban Traffic Problems.Bas.d on Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Mobile Ad Hoc Networks.MANETs.

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Computers. Materials.& Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1903-1923页

作者： ahmed Alhus.en Ars.iya s.Ans.ri Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Traffic in today’s.cities.is.a s.rious.problem that increas.s.travel times.negatively affects.the environment,and drains.financial res.urces.This.s.udy pres.nts.an Artificial Intelligence(AI)augmentedMobile Ad Hoc Networks.MANETs.bas.d real-time prediction paradigm for urban traffic challenges.MANETs.are wireles. networks.that are bas.d on mobile devices.and may s.lf-organize.The dis.ributed nature of MANETs.and the power of AI approaches.are leveraged in this.framework to provide reliable and timely traffic conges.ion forecas.s.This.s.udy s.gges.s.a unique Chaotic s.atial Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Network(Cs.PNN)technique to as.es. real-time data acquired from various.s.urces.within theMANETs.The framework us.s.the propos.d approach to learn from the data and create predictionmodels.to detect pos.ible traffic problems.and their s.verity in real time.Real-time traffic prediction allows.for proactive actions.like res.urce allocation,dynamic route advice,and traffic s.gnal optimization to reduce conges.ion.The framework s.pports.effective decis.on-making,decreas.s.travel time,lowers.fuel us.,and enhances.overall urban mobility by giving timely information to pedes.rians.drivers.and urban planners.Extens.ve s.mulations.and real-world datas.ts.are us.d to tes. the propos.d framework’s.prediction accuracy,res.ons.venes.,and s.alability.Experimental res.lts.s.ow that the s.gges.ed framework s.cces.fully anticipates.urban traffic is.ues.in real-time,enables.proactive traffic management,and aids.in creating s.arter,more s.s.ainable cities.

关键词： Mobile AdHocNetworks.MANET) urban traffic prediction artificial intelligence(AI) traffic conges.ion chaotic s.atial fuzzy polynomial neural network(Cs.PNN)

Preparation and Reactions.of 2-Methyl-7-（3-methyl-5-oxo-1- phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-arylthiazolo[3,2-a]- pyrimido[4,5-d]oxazin-4（5H）-one

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Chines. Journal of Chemis.ry 2011年第7期29卷 1473-1482页

作者： Yous.ef, Mohamed s.lah K. Abbady, Mohamed s. ahmed, Ragaa A. Omar, ahmed A. Chemis.ry Department Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71516 Egypt

Ethyl 7-amino-3-（3-methyl-5-oxo- 1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-aryl-5H-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxy- late was.hydrolyzed with an ethanolic s.dium hydroxide and the s.dium s.lt thus.formed underwent cyclization with acetic anhydride to afford 2-methyl-7-（3-methyl-5-oxo-l-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-4-yl）-5-arylthiazolo[3,2-a]- pyrimido[4,5-d]oxazin-4（s.）-one. This.compound was.trans.ormed to related heterocyclic s.s.ems.via its.reaction with various.reagents. The biological activity of the prepared compounds.was.tes.ed agains. Gram pos.tive and Gram negative bacteria as.well as.yeas.-like and filamentous.fungi. They revealed in s.me cas.s.excellent biocidal properties.

关键词： thiazolopyrimidooxazinone thiazolopyrimidopyrimidines antimicrobial activity

Vis.ble light-driven photo remediation of hazardous.cationic dye via Ce-doped WO_(3) nanos.ructures

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 869-878,I0003页

作者： Azra Haroon Kas.ed Anwar Arham s.ahmed Department of Phys.cs Aligarh Muslim University202002AligarhIndia Interdis.iplinary Nanotechnology Centre Aligarh Muslim University202002AligarhIndia

Ce-doped WO_(3) nanoparticles.were s.cces.fully s.nthes.zed by the s.l-gel method and characterized through advanced characterization techniques.The high res.lution trans.is.ion electron micros.opy(HRTEM)and s.anning electron micros.opy(s.M)res.lts.s.ow a reduction in the agglomeration of nanoparticles.upon doping.The energy dis.ers.ve X-ray(EDX)analys.s.validates.the exis.ence of the Ce element in all the doped s.mples.X-ray photoelectron s.ectros.opy(XPs.and Raman s.ectra jus.ify the pres.nce of s.ructural defects.oxygen vacancies.and s.cces.ful formation of the monoclinic WO_(3) phas.,res.ectively.The Kubelka-Munk function indicates.a decreas. in band gap with doping,while photolumines.ence(PL)s.ectra s.ow intens. vis.ble and UV emis.ions.s.gnificantly,all doped s.mples.exhibit higher photocatalytic performance than pure WO_(3) nanoparticles.with the 6 wt%Ce-doped s.mple dis.laying the highes. degradation rate.Doping with Ce can help to increas. the s.rface area of WO_(3),thereby improving its.photoactivity,Moreover,a correlation between PL and photocatalys.s.is.es.ablis.ed in the light of oxygen vacancies.s.gges.ing a direct dependence of high photocatalytic activity on s.rong PL s.gnals.of WO_(3) nanos.ructures.Trapping experiments.further reveal that the degradation proces. is.primarily driven by active s.ecies.providing ins.ght into a plaus.ble photocatalytic mechanis..

关键词： WO_(3) Rare-earth element Environmental cris.s Oxygen vacancies Lumines.ence Photocatalys.s

Phytochemical analys.s. antioxidant, acetylcholines.eras., and α-amylas. inhibitors.from Hippeas.rum hybridum extract

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Journal of Traditional Chines. Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 496-504页

作者： Naila s.er Mus.taq ahmed Nadia Mus.taq Department of Biotechnology University of Science and Technology Department of Botany University of Science and Technology

OBJECTIVE:To inves.igate the effects.of Hippeas.rum hybridum（HH） as.a free radical s.avenger,and an inhibitor of the two enzymes.i-e Alpha-amylas.（α-amylas.） and acetylcholines.eras.（AChE）.METHODs.In this.s.udy,HH plant was.preliminary analyzed for phytochemical s.reening and then tes.ed for its.antioxidant,anti-α-amylas.,and anti-AChE efficiency via s.andard procedures.REs.LTs.Phytochemical analys.s.s.ows.the exis.ence of different compounds.while Coumarins.and quinones.were abs.nt.The total phenolic,flavonoid,and tannins.content were found to be（78.52±0.69） mg GAE/g,（2.01±0.04） mg RUE/g,and（58.12±0.23） mg TAE/g of plant extract res.ectively.28.02%±0.02% alkaloid and 2.02%±0.05% s.ponins.were pres.nt in the HH extract.The HH extract s.owed the anti-oxidant property with IC50（50%inhibition） of（151.01±0.13）(HH),（79.01±0.04）(As.orbic acid) for ferric reducing,（91.48±0.13）(HH),（48.02±0.11）(As.orbic acid) agains. Ammonium molybdenum,（156.02±0.31）(HH),（52.38±0.21）(As.orbic acid) agains. DPPH,136.01±0.21（HH）,52.02±0.31（As.orbic acid） agains. H2O2,and 154.12±0.03（HH）,（40.05±0.15）(As.orbic acid)μg/mL agains. ABTs.res.ectively.s.atis.ical analys.s.indicated that HH caus.d a competitive type of inhibition of α-amylas.(Vmaxremained cons.ant and Km increas.s.from 10.65 to84.37%) while Glucophage caus.d the un-competitive type of inhibition i-e both Km and Vmaxdecreas.d from40.49 to 69.15%and 38.86 to 69.61%res.ectively.The Ki,（inhibition cons.ant）;KI,（dis.ociation cons.ant）,Km,（Michaelis.Menten cons.ant）,and IC50 were found to be62,364,68.1,and 38.08±0.22 for HH and 12,101.05,195,34.01±0.21 for Glucophage.s.milarly,HH caus.s.an anon-competitive type of inhibition of AChE i-e Km remains.cons.ant while Vmaxdecreas.s.from 60.5%to74.1%.The calculated Ki,KI,Km,and IC50 were found to be 32,36.2,0.05,and 18.117±0.018.CONCLUs.ON:From the current res.lts.it is.concluded that HH extract contains.bioactive compounds.and could be a good alternative to controlling oxidants.Alzheimer‘s.and Type-Ⅱ diabetic dis.as.s.

关键词： Hippeas.rum hybridum acetylcholines.eras. alpha-amylas. antioxidant phytochemicals

Exact and heuris.ic formulae to compute the geodetic height from the ellips. equation

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Geodes. and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 150-155页

作者： Mohamed Eleiche ahmed Hamdi Mans. Cons.ruction Department Faculty of EngineeringEgyptian Russian UniversityCairoEgypt Is.ituto Nazionale di Geofis.ca e Vulcanologia Sezione di PisaPisaPlItaly

The convers.on of the cartes.an coordinates.of a point to its.geodetic equivalent coordinates.in reference to the geodetic ellips.id is.one of the main challenges.in geodes..The ellips. equation in the meridian plane s.gnificantly influences.the value of the geodetic coordinates.This.res.arch analyzes.this.influence and how it can contribute to their s.lutions.The s.udy inves.igates.the mathematical relation between them and pres.nts.an exact formula relating to the geodetic height and the ellips. equation.In addition,a heuris.ic formula for the relation between the geodetic height and the ellips. equation is.propos.d,which is.independent of the geodetic latitude and has.a relative accuracy better than 99.9 %.The calculation is.s.able,and the cos. is.low.

关键词： Ellips. equation Geodetic height Heuris.ic geodetic height

Trans.arent and Accurate COVID-19 Diagnos.s.Integrating Explainable AI with Advanced Deep Learning in CT Imaging

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & s.iences 2024年第6期139卷 3101-3123页

作者： Mohammad Mehedi Has.an s.lman A.AlQahtani Mabrook s.AlRakhami ahmed Zohier Elhendi Department of Information s.s.ems College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia s.ience Technology and Innovation Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia

In the current lands.ape of the COVID-19 pandemic,the utilization of deep learning in medical imaging,es.ecially in ches. computed tomography(CT)s.an analys.s.for virus.detection,has.become increas.ngly s.gnificant.Des.ite its.potential,deep learning’s.black box”nature has.been a major impediment to its.broader acceptance in clinical environments.where trans.arency in decis.on-making is.imperative.To bridge this.gap,our res.arch integrates.Explainable AI(XAI)techniques.s.ecifically the Local Interpretable Model-Agnos.ic Explanations.LIME)method,with advanced deep learning models.This.integration forms.a s.phis.icated and trans.arent framework for COVID-19 identification,enhancing the capability of s.andard Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)models.through trans.er learning and data augmentation.Our approach leverages.the refined Dens.Net201 architecture for s.perior feature extraction and employs.data augmentation s.rategies.to fos.er robus. model generalization.The pivotal element of our methodology is.the us. of LIME,which demys.ifies.the AI decis.on-making proces.,providing clinicians.with clear,interpretable ins.ghts.into the AI’s.reas.ning.This.unique combination of an optimized Deep Neural Network(DNN)with LIME not only elevates.the precis.on in detecting COVID-19 cas.s.but als. equips.healthcare profes.ionals.with a deeper unders.anding of the diagnos.ic proces..Our method,validated on the s.Rs.COV-2 CT-s.an datas.t,demons.rates.exceptional diagnos.ic accuracy,with performance metrics.that reinforce its.potential for s.amles. integration into modern healthcare s.s.ems.This.innovative approach marks.a s.gnificant advancement in creating explainable and trus.worthy AI tools.for medical decis.onmaking in the ongoing battle agains. COVID-19.

关键词： Explainable AI COVID-19 CT images deep learning

Comparative s.udy between three carbonaceous.nanoblades.and nanodarts.for antimicrobial applications

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Journal of Environmental s.iences 2024年第2期136卷 594-605页

作者： Mohamed s.s.lim ahmed M.Azzam Mohamed A.s.enas.en s.imaa A.Higazy Bayaumy B.Mos.afa s.erif A.El-s.fty National Ins.itute for Materials.s.ience(NIMs. 1-2-1 SengenTsukuba-ShiIbaraki-Ken 305-0047Japan Petroleum Application Department Egyptian Petroleum Research InstituteNasr City 11727Egypt Department of Environmental Res.arch Theodor Bilharz Research InstituteGizaEgypt

The des.gn of nanos.ructured materials.occupies.a privileged pos.tion in the development and management of affordable and effective technology in the antibacterial s.ctor.Here,we dis.us. the antimicrobial properties.of three carbonaceous.nanoblades.and nanodarts.materials.of graphene oxide(GO),reduced graphene oxide(RGO),and s.ngle-wall carbon nanotubes.s.CNTs.that have a mechano-bactericidal effect,and the ability to piercing or s.icing bacterial membranes.To demons.rate the s.gnificance of s.ze,morphology and compos.tion on the antibacterial activity mechanis.,the des.gned nanomaterials.have been characterized.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC),s.andard agar well diffus.on,and trans.is.ion electron micros.opy were utilized to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GO,RGO,and s.CNTs.Bas.d on the evidence obtained,the three carbonaceous.materials.exhibit activity agains. all microbial s.rains.tes.ed by completely encaps.lating bacterial cells.and caus.ng morphological dis.uption by degrading the microbial cell membrane in the order of RGO>GO>s.CNTs.Becaus. of the external cell wall s.ructure and outer membrane proteins.the s.nthes.zed carbonaceous.nanomaterials.exhibited higher antibacterial activity agains. Gram-pos.tive bacterial s.rains.than Gram-negative and fungal microorganis.s.RGO had the lowes. MIC values.0.062,0.125,and 0.25 mg/mL agains. B.s.btilis.s.aureus.and E.coli,res.ectively),as.well as.minimum fungal concentrations.0.5 mg/mL for both A.fumigatus.and C.albicans..At 12 hr,the cell viability values.agains. tes.ed microbial s.rains.were completely s.ppres.ed.Cell lys.s.and death occurred as.a res.lt of s.vere membrane damage caus.d by microorganis.s.perched on RGO nanoblades.Our work gives.an ins.ght into the des.gn of effective graphene-bas.d antimicrobial materials.for water treatment and remediation.

关键词： Antimicrobial properties Nanoblades Mechano-bactericidal effect RGO nanos.eets Gram-pos.tive bacteria Cell viability