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An Integrated Die Casting Design system

厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 208-209页

作者： Y k Woon k s lee Dept. of Mechanical and Production Engineering National University of SingaporeDept. of Mechanical and Production Engineering National University of Singapore SingaporeSingapore

Die casting process is one of the prime options for m anufacturing precisely dimensioned, sharply defined metal parts. The design of d ie casting dies comprises several stages and entails a large amount of time. Tra ditionally, the different stages of the die design were not integrated but exist as separate entities. Moreover, recurring modifications or even redesigns are r equired due to the complexity in achieving an accurate initial die design. As a result, die design is usually time-consuming and costly with respect to resourc es. The die casting industry will greatly benefit if proper application software are developed that integrates the different die design stages and allows editin g of die design as and when needed. Hence it is imperative to create an integrat ed die design system that shortens the die design time. This paper presents a research that establishes a prototype of an integrated die design system. It is developed using the commercial solidWorks CAD system and n amed DiWorks. The aim of building the system on a commercial CAD system is to ut ilise the resources and features of the CAD system to speed up the die design pr ocess. DiWorks consists of six distinct modules: Project Manager, Cavity Insert Builder, Gating system Constructor, Die Base Designer, Ejector system Constructo r and standard Components Library. Through these six modules, the die designer c an create a complete die casting die beginning from a product part model. It is a user-friendly system that allows both experienced and novice die designers to easily accomplish the task of die design. The practical goal of this research is twofold: to develop a system that integra tes the die design process and at the same time facilitates the editing of d ie design during or after the course of the design process. The research approac h includes (i) parametric design, (ii) feature-based design (iii) system modeli ng and implementation. Parametric design deals with variable dimensions as cont

关键词： integrated die design system parametric design feature-based design

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A Case study of Heat Transfer from Hot Runner Mould to the Fix Platen of the Injection-moulding Machine

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 97-98页

作者： C H Tan k s lee school of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Polytec hnic SingaporeSingapore

In an injection moulding process, the parallelism b et ween the tie bars of the injection moulding machine is very important as it will affect the mould closing and clamping system. In recent years, more and more ho t runner systems are being applied in the moulding industry to save material and decrease the losses of injection pressure. Heat transfer from hot runner system from the fixed half which is secured in the fix machine platen could transmit s o much heat that it may cause high temperature differential between the machine fix platen and moving platen. This will cause the tie bar to become unparallel. Part quality will be compromised and the wear of the tie bar will be excessive. Overhaul of the tie bar may be necessary after a short period of time which is c ostly. This raises the need to analyze the heat transfer from the hot runner sys tem to the machine fix platen and the methods of isolating or minimizing the hea t transfer. In this case study, a photo lens article mould was used. The mould w as built with a direct hot runner nozzle system. Heat conduction from hot runner and machine screw to machine fix platen were studied based on either using high temperature heat insulating plate put in placed between the mould and the mould ing machine fix platen or drill cooling channels in the front mould clamping pla te. The high temperature insulator is very costly as it is made out of glass re inforced polymer composite material. Experimental results were obtained and anal yzed to find the best method to minimize the unwanted heat transfer using the ch eapest and most effective method.

关键词： injection moulding cooling hot runner system i njection moulding machine platen tie bar

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The Comparison Between Finite Element Analysis and Experimental Results of the Cooling of Injection Moulds with Hot Runner system

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 110-111页

作者： Y F sun k s lee C H Tan A Y C Nee Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singap oreDepartment of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singap oreSchool of Mechanical & Manufacturing EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Polytechnic Singapore Singapore

In an injection moulding process, the mould cooling s ystem is very important as an efficient and uniform cooling effect can improve b oth the productivity and part quality. Due to the complexity of the process, muc h research on the mould cooling analysis and cooling design optimization has bee n focused on the core and the cavity, excluding other systems of injection mould s. However, the runner system introduces a considerable amount of heat into the mould. In recent years, more and more hot runner systems are being applied in th e moulding industry to save material and decrease losses of injection pressure. This raises the need to include the hot runner system in the cooling analysis. I n this paper, a photo frame part was studied. The mould was built with a hot run ner system. Two thermal sensors were installed: one measures the temperature of lateral surface of hot runner nozzle; the other measures the plastic temperature from the core side. A pressure sensor was also installed to measure the pressur e of the core impression. Cooling analysis was performed using ABAQUs, ananalysi s software based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The assembly including core , cavity and plastic part was modeled. Heat conduction from hot runner to cavity and from polymer melt to the mould and force convection on the cooling channel surfaces were studied. The natural convection between the ambient air and the ex terior mould surface was ignored. The simulations were adjusted with the experim ental results to find out the heat input from hot runner and its influence on mo uld cooling. Finally, the optimal cooling design and optimal injection condition were obtained.

关键词： injection moulding cooling injection mould cool ing finite element method hot runner

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DEVELOPMENT　OF　BRAIDED－PULTRUsION　PROCEss　AND　sTRUCTURE－PROPERTY　RELATIONsHIPs　FOR　TUBULAR　COMPOsITEs

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Acta Metallurgica sinica(English Letters) 1996年第6期9卷 555-564页

作者： J.H. Byun s.-k.lee and B.s. kim (korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, P.O. Box 41, Changwon, korea korea Inst of Machinery and Materials Changwon South Korea

In order to realize the potential of composite materials, it is imperative to develop a manufacturing process, to understand the microstructures, and to assess the structural performance of the composite. The braided-pultrusion process, which combines the pultrusion process with the braiding technology, has been developed by utilizing a novel resin impregnation device. The goal of the development is to achieve both costeffectiveness and performance of the composite. The tubular composites of diameter 5.3 mm have been produced using kevlar 49 fiber and polyester resin. In order to assess the mechanical performance of the composites, an analytical method for predicting the elastic constants has been developed. The analysis includes the geometric model of a unit cell, coordinate transformation, and averaging of stiffness and compliance constants of the constituent materials. The analytic predictions compared favorably with experimental results.

关键词： braided pultrusion impregnation structural performance

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Application Of Fuzzy-Logic In ship Manoeuvring In Confined Waters

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sustainable Marine structures 2019年第1期1卷 11-20页

作者： s.surendran s.k lee Department of Ocean Engg. Indian Institute of Technology IIT MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean engineering Pusan National UniversityS Korea

A ship manoeuvring problem is solved using an algorithm built on fuzzy *** manoeuvring model for a design ship is coded in C++and the results are presented here.A bulk carrier is assumed as design ship for a newly setting up harbor along the east coast of *** harbor mouth is 25 km away from the deep water *** approach channel is straight along the 22 km *** restricted and shallow waters are considered and their influences on hydrodynamic derivatives are *** sample problems are ***,ship heading,rudder angle,velocities and accelerations,of the moving vessel,are calculated and presented for *** developed code is robust in the sense that any designer or user can easily interact with various input parameters to verify the outputs and their suitability for the design ship meant for a particular water front *** results are validated using another algorithm built on PID which is discussed in brief.

关键词： Manoeuvrability Rudder Harbour Control

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Low-Cost High-Performance 10 G Transmitter and Receiver Optical subassembly

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光学学报 2003年第S1期23卷 607-608页

作者： k.s. Cheng E. Cheung R. Cheung s. Cheung A. Chow C.W. Fan H.W. Ho A. Hui M.W.k. Mak s.k. Lam s.L. Lau k.s. lee A. siu s.k. Yau F. Tong Hong kong Applied science and Technology Research Institute 18F Gateway Tower 6 Tsim Sha Tsui Hong KongChina Also at the Information Engineering Department The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China

We describe briefly here the recent R&D activities in the optical subassembly packaging technologies at the Hong kong Applied science and Technology Research Institute (AsTRI). We have designed, developed and prototyped multiple of low-cost high performance packages for serial and parallel transmitters and receivers, in particular, the novel chip-in-plastic (CiP) package designed for 10G serial transmission for data communications.

关键词： science and Technology serial transmission data communications high performance Hong kong

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Mechanical Behavior of Patched steel Panels at Elevated Temperatures

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sustainable Marine structures 2019年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： s surendran G L Manjunath s k lee Department of Naval Architecture&Ocean Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasIndia Research scholar Department of Ocean EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology MadrasChennaiIndia Pusan National University South Korea

Preventive maintenance is an accepted practice in engineering to keep the structural reliability of ship hulls at the highest possible *** ensure a longer period in between the consecutive maintenance of ship hull parts to optimize *** is relevant in view of the difficulty in reaching farthest corners in ballast tanks,fuel storage tanks,cofferdams *** maintenance of the deck and hull parts save a considerable amount of the owner's budget.A portable technology like patching becomes more handy and *** of both unpatched and patched samples during dynamic loading conditions being examined in the present *** high strength steel panels with a dimension of 70mm×15mm×3mm were edge cracked for lengths of 4mm and 7mm,with width of 1mm for *** edge cracked high strength steel panels are repaired with composite patches using GFRP(glass fiber reinforced plastic),CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced plastic)and AFRP(aramid fiber reinforced plastic).The patching was done by 3 and 5 layered and impact tested by Charpy impact tester at ranges of high *** amount of energy absorbed in the impact is converted to dynamic fracture toughness values and compared for evaluating the performance of FRP(fiber reinforced plastics).Finite element analysis was done for evaluating the stress intensity factors at different types of patching and testing *** the AFRP patched samples showed better dynamic fracture toughness values at different temperatures.

关键词： Fracture toughness De-bonding Crack tip Bridging of crack Finite element analysis stress intensity factor

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A Control Model for Automated Assembly systems with a Multi-agent Architecture

A Control Model for Automated Assembly Systems with a Multi-...

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第十九届中国控制会议

作者： H．Y．k．Lau k．L．Mak I．s．k．lee Department of Industrial and Manufacturing systems Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong Department of Industrial and Manufacturing systems Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong Department of Industrial and Manufacturing systems Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong

＜正＞A multi-agent architecture is proposed to model assembly systems. Under this paradigm every workcell within an assembly system is modeled as an agent with the same abstract architecture. This architecture follows a layered approach in which the lowest level models the most primitive actions of the workcell. Another layer is added on top of it to control its primitive actions so as to achieve a goal, which in turn is generated by yet another layer. Each agent is incorporated into it a top most co-operative layer through which the communication and co-ordination among agents are modeled. In pursuing this approach, each agent is capable of controlling and planning its local actions in order to fulfill the goal generated by the co-operative layer. Therefore, a tremendous amount of workload associated with planning, error detection, diagnosis and recovery is distributed to the local agent.

关键词： Manufacturing systems agent architecture multi-agent system system modeling

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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDs/IPs for securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A s.k.B.sangeetha Department of Computer science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDs,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection system(IDs)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDsmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDs datasets CICIDs 2017,Honeypots,and NsL-kDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

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非增强CT与和双能量CT结合可提高早期痛风的诊断

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第3期 369-370页

作者：曹娜娜 s.k.lee J.Y.Jung W.H Jee J.J.lee s.H.Park Department of Radiology Seoul St.Mary’s HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of Korea

摘要目的探讨痛风早期出现症状的第一跖趾关节的非增强CT(NCCT)对双能CT(DECT)的增值。方法连续记录115例有关节疼痛的病人,根据2015年EULAR/ACR标准

关键词： CT

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