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semantic segmentation of Lumbar vertebrae Using Meijering U-Net(MU-Net)on spine Magnetic Resonance Images

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2025年第1期142卷 733-757页

作者： Lakshmi s v v.shiloah Elizabeth Darmanayagam sunil Retmin Raj Cyril Department of Computer science and Engineering College of Engineering GuindyAnna UniversityChennai600025India Department of Information Technology Madras Institute of TechnologyAnna UniversityChrompetChennai600044India

Lower back pain is one of the most common medical problems in the world and it is experienced by a huge percentage of people *** to its ability to produce a detailed view of the soft tissues,including the spinal cord,nerv.s,intervertebral discs,and vertebrae,Magnetic Resonance Imaging is thought to be the most effective method for imaging the *** semantic segmentation of vertebrae plays a major role in the diagnostic process of lumbar *** is difficult to semantically partition the vertebrae in Magnetic Resonance Images from the surrounding variety of tissues,including muscles,ligaments,and intervertebral discs.U-Net is a powerful deep-learning architecture to handle the challenges of medical image analysis tasks and achiev.s high segmentation *** work proposes a modified U-Net architecture namely MU-Net,consisting of the Meijering convolutional layer that incorporates the Meijering filter to perform the semantic segmentation of lumbar vertebrae L1 to L5 and sacral vertebra ***-colour mask images were generated and used as ground truth for training the *** work has been carried out on 1312 images expanded from T1-weighted mid-sagittal MRI images of 515 patients in the Lumbar spine MRI Dataset publicly available from Mendeley *** proposed MU-Net model for the semantic segmentation of the lumbar vertebrae giv.s better performance with 98.79%of pixel accuracy(PA),98.66%of dice similarity coefficient(DsC),97.36%of Jaccard coefficient,and 92.55%mean Intersection over Union(mean IoU)metrics using the mentioned dataset.

关键词： Computer aided diagnosis(CAD) magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) semantic segmentation lumbar vertebrae deep learning U-Net model

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microv.scular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： siva s.v.P.sakamuri Anil sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA v.scular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

A comprehensive inv.stigation on nonlinear vibration and bending characteristics of bio-inspired helicoidal laminated composite structures

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 81-100页

作者： s.sAURABH R.KIRAN D.sINGH R.vAIsH v.s.CHAUHAN school of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Mandi

Bio-inspired helicoidal composite laminates, inspired by the intricate helical structures found in nature, present a promising frontier for enhancing the mechanical properties of structural designs. Hence, this study provides a comprehensive inv.stigation into the nonlinear free vibration and nonlinear bending behavior of bio-inspired composite plates. The inverse hyperbolic shear deformation theory(IHsDT) of plates is employed to characterize the displacement field, with the incorporation of Green-Lagrange nonlinearity. The problem is modeled using the C0finite element method(FEM), and an in-house code is developed in the MATLAB environment to solve it numerically. various helicoidal layup configurations including helicoidal recursive(HR), helicoidal exponential(HE), helicoidal semi-circular(Hs), linear helicoidal(LH), and Fibonacci helicoidal(FH)with different layup sequences and quasi-isotropic configurations are studied. The model is validated, and parametric studies are conducted. These studies inv.stigate the effects of layup configurations, side-to-thickness ratio, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, and loading conditions at different load amplitudes on the nonlinear vibration and nonlinear bending behaviors of bio-inspired composite plates. The results show that the laminate sequence exerts a substantial impact on both nonlinear natural frequencies and nonlinear bending behaviors. Moreover, this influence varies across different side-to-thickness ratios and boundary conditions of the bio-inspired composite plate.

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A mild, configurable, flexible CoNi-LDH（v）/Zn battery based on H-vacancy-induced reversible Zn2+ intercalation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 498-508页

作者： Xinyue Cheng Dingsheng Wu Hao Gao Qingqing Wang Pengfei Lv.sam s.Yoon Qufu Wei Key Laboratory of Eco-textiles Ministry of Education Jiangnan University school of Mechanical Engineering Korea University

Flexible Zn-based batteries have attracted increasing research interest as essential components of wearable energy storage ***,the advancement of flexible aqueous Zn-based batteries based on Co-Ni layered double hydroxide （CoNi-LDH） as the cathode material is hampered by their poor cycling stability and the corrosiveness of alkaline ***,CoNi-LDH nanosheets enriched with H vacancies (CoNi-LDH（v）) were constructed on a flexible carbon cloth （CC） substrate via electrochemical deposition and *** Zn-based battery comprising CoNi-LDH（v）@CC as the cathode exhibited highly reversible conversion reactions and stable operation in 3 M ZnsO4electrolyte （pH=4）.The battery delivered an excellent specific capacity (225 mA h g-1,0.26 mA h cm-2),acceptable cycling stability（53.9%,900 cycles）,and high discharging *** abundant H vacancies served as active sites for the reversible intercalation of Zn2+and the extrav.sation of NO3-generated channels and space for Zn2+transport and storage,together enabling an excellent Zn2+storage ***,a sandwich-structured solid-state CoNi-LDH（v）@CC//Zn@CC battery was fabricated and was found to exhibit a noteworthy electrochemical performance and mechanical *** a proof of concept,the unencapsulated battery powered a digital watch under various deformation conditions and operated stably for 80 ***,the flexible battery displayed outstanding customizability,maintaining an open-circuit voltage of 1.42 v even after being cut *** proposed engineering strategy contributes to the realization of textiles with truly wearable energy-storage devices.

关键词： CoNi/Zn battery H vacancies Mild aqueous electrolyte Tailorable battery Wearable energy storage device

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the neuromuscular junction during developmental axonal competition and synapse elimination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 394-401页

作者： Josep Tomàs víctor Cilleros-Mañé Laia Just-Borràs Marta Balanyà-segura Aleksandra Polishchuk Laura Nadal Marta Tomàs Carolina silvera-simón Manel M.santafé Maria A.Lanuza Unitat d’Histologia i Neurobiologia(UHNeurob) Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la SalutUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliReusSpain

During the development of the nervous system,there is an overproduction of neurons and *** competition between neighboring nerve endings and synapses performing different activity levels leads to their elimination or *** have extensively studied the involvement of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor-Tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor neurotrophic retrograde pathway,at the neuromuscular junction,in the axonal development and synapse elimination process versus the synapse *** purpose of this review is to describe the neurotrophic influence on developmental synapse elimination,in relation to other molecular pathways that we and others have found to regulate this *** particular,we summarize our published results based on transmitter release analysis and axonal counts to show the different involvement of the presynaptic acetylcholine muscarinic autoreceptors,coupled to downstream serine-threonine protein kinases A and C(PKA and PKC)and voltage-gated calcium channels,at different nerve endings in developmental *** dynamic changes that occur simultaneously in several nerve terminals and synapses converge across a postsynaptic site,influence each other,and require careful studies to individualize the mechanisms of specific *** describe an activity-dependent balance(related to the extent of transmitter release)between the presynaptic muscarinic subtypes and the neurotrophin-mediated TrkB/p75NTR pathways that can influence the timing and fate of the competitive interactions between the different axon *** downstream displacement of the PKA/PKC activity ratio to lower values,both in competing nerve terminals and at postsynaptic sites,plays a relevant role in controlling the elimination of supernumerary ***,calcium entry through L-and P/Q-subtypes of voltage-gated calcium channels(both channels are present,together with the N-type channel in developing nerve terminals)contributes to red

关键词： acetylcholine release adenosine receptors axonal competition brain-derived neurotrophic factor calcium channels motor end-plate muscarinic acetylcholine receptors postnatal synapse elimination serine kinases tropomyosin-related kinase receptorB

DeNOx study in Diesel Engine Exhaust Using Barrier Discharge Corona Assisted by v_2O_5/TiO_2 Catalyst

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Plasma science and Technology 2004年第4期6卷 2411-2415页

作者： B.s.Rajanikanth v.Ravi Indian Institute of science Bangalore 560012IndiaIndian Institute of ScienceBangalore 560012India

A plasma-assisted catalytic reactor was used to remove nitrogen oxides (NOx)from diesel engine exhaust operated under different load conditions. Initial studies were focused onplasma reactor (a dielectric barrier discharge reactor) treatment of diesel exhaust at varioustemperatures. The nitric oxide (NO) removal efficiency was lowered when high temperature exhaust wastreated using plasma reactor. Also, NO removal efficiency decreased when 45% load exhaust wastreated. studies were then made with plasma reactor combined with a catalytic reactor consisting ofa selective catalytic reduction (sCR) catalyst, v_2O_5/TiO_2. Ammonia was used as a reducing agentfor sCR process in a ratio of 1:1 to NOx. The studies were focused on temperatures of the sCRcatalytic reactor below 200℃. The plasma-assisted catalytic reactor was operated well to remove NOxunder no-load and load conditions. For an energy input of 96 J/l, the NOx removal efficienciesobtained under no-load and load conditions were 90% and 72% respectively at an exhaust temperatureof 100 ℃.

关键词： non-thermal plasma DeNOx barrier discharge diesel exhaust

Transport and physical properties of v_(2)O_(5)-P_(2)O_(5)-B_(2)O_(3) glasses doped with Dy_(2)O_(3)

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2013年第3期2卷 246-251页

作者： R.v.BARDE s.A.WAGHULEY Department of Engineering Physics Shri Hanuman Vyayam Prasarak Mandal’s College of Engineering and TechnologyAmravati 444605India Department of Physics Sant Gadge Baba Amravati UniversityAmravati 444602India

We inv.stigate the DC transport properties of 60v_(2)O_(5)-5P_(2)O_(5)-(35-x)B_(2)O_(3)-xDy_(2)O_(3)(x=0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0 and 1.2 mol%)glasses as function of temperature which were prepared using the conventional melt-quenching *** glasses are characterised by thermo gravimetric-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA).Activation energy(E_(DC))is obtained from Arrhenius plots of temperature-dependent DC conductivity,and it is found to be 0.30 ev for high conducting *** order to understand the role of Dy_(2)O_(3) in these glasses,the density and molar volume are *** results show that molar volume of the glass increases with the increasing of Dy2O_(3) *** ionic conductivity is found to be dominant over the electronic conductivity and varies between 82%and 96%.

关键词： transport properties melt quenching Arrhenius plot glasses

Microstructures in a Nb-Cr-v-W-Ta high entropy alloy during annealing

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2020年第18期52卷 66-72页

作者： s.K.varma Francelia sanchez C.v.Ramana Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomaterials EngineeringThe University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968-0520USA Mechanical Engineering Department The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968-0520USA

A Nb-Cr-v-W-Ta high entropy alloy has been subjected to annealing treatment at 600,700 and 800℃in air for 6 *** different phases have been identified based on their composition in the as received *** annealing treatment does not alter the phase analysis and compositions except for the W-rich phase where minor changes in the composition have been *** is considered as an experimental evidence of sluggish diffusivity associated with *** of phase transformation during the heating and the minimal changes in observed compositions of the phases is an indication of the resistance to diffusion offered by the elements of the high entropy *** electron microscopy(sEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDs)and color X-ray elemental mapping have been used to conduct this research.

关键词： HEA Microstructures in a Nb-Cr-v-W-Ta high entropy alloy during annealing

Microstructural Features of Friction-Welded Ti-6Al-4v Joint

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2000年第1期16卷 59-62页

作者： Daqian sUN Zhenan ren Zhenfeng ZHOU T.North Yang ZHAI s.sathian Jilin University of Technology Changchun 130025China University of Toronto Toronto M5S 3E4Canada

Microstructural features of friction-welded Ti-6Al-4v joint have been inv.stigated by both optical microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The microstructure of the welded joint is not uniform. It can be classified into the phase transformed region(P), the deformed region(D) and the region of unchanged base metal(B). In the phase transformed region, the microstructure consists of platelike, acicular and equiaxed alpha phase plus beta phase between them and the dislocations can be observed in some or phase particles. The equiaxed alpha phase mainly distributes in the near center of rod specimen. The quantity of platelike and acicular alpha phase and the size of the grains increase progressively along the radial direction of the rod type welded joint. In the deformed region, the grains are reoriented and the microstructure consists of the elongated alpha phase containing a lot of dislocations and intergranular beta phase.

关键词： Titanium alloys