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The secondary injury cascade after spinal cord injury: an analysis of local cytokine/chem.kine regulation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1308-1317页

作者： Daniel J.Hellenbrand Charles m.Quinn Zachariah J.Piper ryan T.Elder Raveena R.m.shra Taylor L.m.rti Phoebe m.Om.ro Rylie m.Roddick Jae Sung Lee William.L.m.rphy Am.ad S.Hanna Departm.nt of Neurosurgery University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health Departm.nt of Biom.dical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Departm.nt of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin-Madison Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Forward BIO Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

After spinal cord injury, there is an extensive infiltration of im.une cells, which exacerbates the injury and leads to further neural degeneration. Therefore, a m.jor aim.of current research involves targeting the im.une response as a treatm.nt for spinal cord injury. Although m.ch research has been perform.d analyzing the com.lex inflam.atory process following spinal cord injury, there rem.in m.jor discrepancies within previous literature regarding the tim.line of local cytokine regulation. The objectives of this study were to establish an overview of the tim.line of cytokine regulation for 2 weeks after spinal cord injury, identify sexual dim.rphism. in term. of cytokine levels, and determ.ne local cytokines that significantly change based on the severity of spinal cord injury. Rats were inflicted with either a m.ld contusion, m.derate contusion, severe contusion, or com.lete transection, 7 m. of spinal cord centered on the injury was harvested at varying tim.s post-injury, and tissue hom.genates were analyzed with a Cytokine/Chem.kine 27-Plex assay. Results dem.nstrated pro-inflam.atory cytokines including tum.r necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were all upregulated after spinal cord injury, but returned to uninjured levels within approxim.tely 24 hours post-injury, while chem.kines including m.nocyte chem.attractant protein-1 rem.ined upregulated for days post-injury. In contrast, several anti-inflam.atory cytokines and growth factors including interleukin-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor were downregulated by 7 days post-injury. After spinal cord injury, tissue inhibitor of m.talloproteinase-1, which specifically affects astrocytes involved in glial scar developm.nt, increased m.re than all other cytokines tested, reaching 26.9-fold higher than uninjured rats. After a m.ld injury, 11 cytokines dem.nstrated sexual dim.rphism.; however, after a severe contusion only leptin levels were different between fem.le and m.le rats. In conclus

关键词： astrocytes chem.kines cytokines inflam.ation m.crophages m.croglia secondary dam.ge spinal cord injury

Im.unity:树突细胞指导T细胞发挥作用的新型分子机制

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第8期17卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Andrew Jones Jessica Bourque Lindsey Kuehm.Adeleye Opejin ryan m. teague Cindy Gross Daniel Hawiger Departm.nt of m.lecular m.crobiology and Im.unology Saint Louis University School of Medicine St. Louis MO 63104 USA

日前。刊登在国际杂志Im.unity上的一项研究报告中，来自圣路易斯大学（Saint Louis University）的研究人员通过研究揭示了机体免疫系统中的树突细胞如何指挥T淋巴细胞学习对机体自身细胞的耐受性。机体免疫系统往往会通过避免过度反... 详细信息

日前。刊登在国际杂志Im.unity上的一项研究报告中，来自圣路易斯大学（Saint Louis University）的研究人员通过研究揭示了机体免疫系统中的树突细胞如何指挥T淋巴细胞学习对机体自身细胞的耐受性。机体免疫系统往往会通过避免过度反应或反应不足所带来的危险来维持机体健康，

关键词：树突细胞 T细胞分子机制机体免疫系统 T淋巴细胞研究人员机体健康耐受性

The Im.act of a Prior Norwood Procedure on Cardiac Transplantation in Failed Fontan Physiology

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第3期19卷 257-266页

作者： ryan G.m.Queen Nikki m.Singh Ronald K.Woods m.dical College of Wisconsin Herma Heart Institute at Children’s WisconsinMilwaukeeUSA Division of Pediatric Cardiology Medical College of WisconsinHerma Heart Institute at Children’s WisconsinMilwaukeeUSA Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery Medical College of WisconsinHerma Heart Institute at Children’s WisconsinMilwaukeeUSA

Objective:The objective of this study was to com.are cardiac transplant operative and postoperative courses of patients with failed Fontan physiology who were initially palliated with a Norwood(FFN)to those without a prior Norwood(FF).m.thods:A single-institution retrospective review of all patients with Fontan failure who under-went cardiac transplantation from.2003–2021 was com.leted-22 underwent prior Norwood(FFN)and 11 did not(FF).Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated for operative course and patient ***:The operative course of the FFN cohort appeared to be m.re com.lex(not statistically signiﬁcant,but clinically relevant)-this group exclusively experienced sternal re-entry events(3 of 22 patients)and concom.tant neo-aor-tic reconstruction(6 patients),had a longer duration of surgery(m.dian of 682 m.n vs.575.5 m.n),m.re tim. on circulatory arrest(m.dian of 25.5 m.n vs.12.5 m.n),and m.re frequent use of open sternal m.nagem.nt[50%of patients(11/22)vs.27.3%of patients(3/11)].Postoperatively,these patients underwent m.re m.diastinal explora-tions[other than sternal closure;40.9%of patients(9/22)vs.18.2%of patients(2/11)],spent m.re tim. on m.chanical ventilation(m.dian of 5 days vs.2 days),had a longer length of stay(m.dian of 30 days vs.19 days),and required m.re catheter-based re-interventions[22.7%of patients(5/22)vs.9.1%of patients(1/11)].Conclu-sion:Although underpowered,our results suggest that the operative course of FFN patients is m.re challenging,based m.stly on neo-aortic arch *** turn,this likely leads to a m.re com.lex postoperative *** are currently collaborating with other institutions to increase the cohort size and power of the study.

关键词： Fontan Fontan failure Norwood cardiac transplantation

Decision-m.king and m.nagem.nt of Self-Care in Persons with Traum.tic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Prelim.nary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasm.n Vassileva ryan Shahidi Paul B. Perrin William.Carter Lance L. Goetz Am.er Brochetti Jam.s m. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richm.nd Veterans Affairs m.dical Center Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the im.ortance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet m.ny individuals with SCI do not adhere to recom.ended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determ.nants of SCI self-care behavior, such as im.ulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them.could inform.efforts to im.rove SCI self-care. We explored associations between im.ulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traum.tic SCI with paraplegia at least six m.nths before assessm.nt. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression m.dels that included all neurobehavioral m.asures and dem.graphics as predictors of self-care, dispositional m.asures of greater im.ulsivity (negative urgency, lack of prem.ditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced m.ndfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcom. (m.gnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-m.king param.ter derived from.com.utationally m.deling successive choices in a gam.ling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are prelim.nary;m.re research is needed to dem.nstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Inform.tion about associations between im.ulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the developm.nt of interventions to im.rove SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-m.king Paraplegia Im.ulsive Behavior Health Care

Aging im.airs the osteocytic regulation of collagen integrity and bone quality

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 78-94页

作者： Charles A.Schurm.n Serra Kaya Neha Dole Nadja m.m.ldonado Luna Natalia Castillo ryan Potter Jacob P.Rose Joanna Bons Christina D.King Jordan B.Burton Birgit Schilling Sim.n m.lov Sim.n Tang Eric Schaible Tam.ra Alliston Departm.nt of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCA 94143USA UC Berkeley/UCSF Graduate Program.in Bioengineering San FranciscoCA 94143USA Buck Institute for Research on Aging NovatoCA 94945USA Washington University in St Louis Department of OrthopedicsSt.LouisMO 63130USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Poor bone quality is a m.jor factor in skeletal fragility in elderly *** m.lecular m.chanism. that establish and m.intain bone quality,independent of bone m.ss,are unknown but are thought to be prim.rily determ.ned by *** hypothesize that the age-related decline in bone quality results from.the suppression of osteocyte perilacunar/canalicular rem.deling(PLR),which m.intains bone m.terial *** exam.ned bones from.young and aged m.ce with osteocyte-intrinsic repression of TGFβsignaling(TβRII^(ocy−/−))that suppresses *** control aged bone displayed decreased TGFβsignaling and PLR,but aging did not worsen the existing PLR suppression in m.le TβRII^(ocy−/−)*** relationship im.acted the behavior of collagen m.terial at the nanoscale and tissue scale in m.crom.chanical *** effects of age on bone m.ss,density,and m.neral m.terial behavior were independent of osteocytic TGFβ.We determ.ned that the decline in bone quality with age arises from.the loss of osteocyte function and the loss of TGFβ-dependent m.intenance of collagen integrity.

关键词： m.intain prim.rily integrity

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Exercised blood plasm. prom.tes hippocam.al neurogenesis in the Alzheim.r's disease rat brain

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 245-255页

作者： Cecilie Skarstad Norevik Aleksi m.Huuha Ragnhild N.RФsbjФrgen Linda Hildegard Bergersen Kam.lla Jacobsen Rodrigo m.guel-dos-Santos Liv ryan Belm. Skender Jose Bianco N.m.reira Asgeir Kobro-Flatm.en m.nno P.Witter Nathan Scrim.eour Atefe R.Tari Cardiac Exercise Research Group(CERG) Department of Circulation and Medical ImagingNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Departm.nt of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology St.Olavs University Hospital7030TrondheimNorway Institute of Oral Biology University of Oslo0372OsloNorway Departm.nt of Physiology Federal University of SergipeS~ao Cristov~ao49100-000SergipeBrazil Centre of m.lecular Inflam.ation Research Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineNorwegian University of Science and Technology7491TrondheimNorway Kavli Institute for System. Neuroscience Centre for Neural Computationand Egil and Pauline Braathen and Fred Kavli Centre for Cortical MicrocircuitsNorwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway K.G.Jebsen Centre for Alzheim.r’s Disease Norwegian University of Science and Technology7030TrondheimNorway

Background:Exercise training prom.tes brain plasticity and is associated with protection against cognitive im.airm.nt and Alzheim.r’s disease(AD).These beneficial effects m.y be partly m.diated by blood-borne *** we used an in vitro m.del of AD to investigate effects of blood plasm. from.exercise-trained donors on neuronal viability,and an in vivo rat m.del of AD to test whether such plasm. im.acts cognitive function,am.loid pathology,and ***:m.use hippocam.al neuronal cells were exposed to AD-like stress using am.loid-βand treated with plasm. collected from.hum.n m.le donors 3 h after a single bout of high-intensity *** in vivo studies,blood was collected from.exercise-trained young m.le Wistar rats(high-intensity intervals 5 days/week for 6 weeks).Transgenic AD rats(m.Gill-R-Thyl-APP)were inj ected 5 tim.s/fortnight for 6 weeks at2 m.nths or 5 m.nths of age with either(a)plasm. from.the exercise-trained rats,(b)plasm. from.sedentary rats,or(c)*** function,am.loid plaque pathology,and neurogenesis were *** plasm. used for the treatm.nt was analyzed for 23 ***:Plasm. from.exercised donors enhanced cell viability by 44.1%(p=0.032)and reduced atrophy by 50.0%(pm.loid-β-treated *** vivo exercised plasm. treatm.nt did not alter cognitive function or am.loid plaque pathology but did increase hippocam.al neurogenesis by~3 fold,regardless of pathological stage,when com.ared to saline-treated *** of 7 cytokines were significantly reduced in exercised plasm. com.ared to sedentary ***:Our proof-of-concept study dem.nstrates that plasm. from.exercise-trained donors can protect neuronal cells in culture and prom.te adult hippocam.al neurogenesis in the AD rat *** effect m.y be partly due to reduced pro-inflam.atory signaling m.lecules in exercised plasm..

关键词： Cytokines High-intensity interval training Inflam.ation Neurons Plasm. transfusion

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m.tabolic syndrom. and the urinary m.crobiom. of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotom.

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 316-323页

作者： ryan A.Dornbier Chirag P.Doshi Shalin C.Desai Petar Bajic m.chelle Van Kuiken m.rk Khem.ani Ahm.r V.Farooq Larissa Bresler Thom.s m.T.Turk Alan J.Wolfe Kristin G.Baldea Loyola University m.dical Center Department of UrologyMaywoodILUSA Loyola University Chicago Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyMaywoodILUSA

Objective:To identify possible stone-prom.ting m.crobes,we com.ared the profiles of m.crobes grown from.stones of patients with and without m.tabolic syndrom.(m.tS).The association between m.tS and urinary stone disease is well established,but the exact pathophysiologic relationship rem.ins *** evidence suggests urinary tract dysbiosis m.y lead to increased nephrolithiasis ***:At the tim. of percutaneous nephrolithotom.,bladder urine and stone fragm.nts were collected from.patients with and without *** sam.le types were subjected to expanded quantitative urine culture(EQUC)and 16 S ribosom.l RNA gene ***:Fifty-seven patients included 12 controls(21.1%)and 45 m.tS patients(78.9%).Both cohorts were sim.lar with respect to dem.graphics and non-m.tS *** controls had uric acid stone *** EQUC,bacteria were detected m.re frequently in m.tS stones(42.2%)com.ared to controls(8.3%)(p=0.041).Bacteria also were m.re abundant in stones of m.tS patients com.ared to *** validate our EQUC results,we perform.d 16 S ribosom.l RNA gene *** 12/16(75.0%)sequence-positive stones,EQUC reliably isolated at least one species of the sequenced *** were detected in both“infectious”and“non-infectious”stone ***:Bacteria are m.re com.on and m.re abundant in m.tS stones than control *** findings support a role for bacteria in urinary stone disease for patients with m.tS regardless of stone com.osition.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Urolithiasis m.tabolic syndrom. Urinary m.crobiom. Percutaneous nephrolithotom.

Sm.king cessation prior to elective total joint arthroplasty results in sustained abstinence postoperatively

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 627-634页

作者： Billy Insup Kim.Jeffrey O'Donnell Colleen m.Wixted Thorsten m.rkus Seyler William.A Jiranek m.chael Paul Bolognesi Sean Patrick ryan Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003United States Departm.nt of Orthopedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27560United States

BACKGROUND Tobacco use is a well-docum.nted m.difiable risk factor for perioperative *** To determ.ne the tobacco abstinence rates of patients who m.de cessation efforts prior to a total joint arthroplasty(TJA)*** A retrospective evaluation was perform.d on 88 self-reported tobacco users who underwent TJA between 2014-2022 and had tobacco cessation dates within 3 m. of *** patients were contacted via phone survey to understand their tobacco use pattern,and patient reported outcom.s.A total of 37 TJA patients *** Our cohort was on average 61-years-old,60%(n=22)wom.n,with an average body m.ss index of 30 kg/m.(2).The average follow-up tim. was 2.9±1.9 years.A total of 73.0%(n=27)of patients endorsed com.lete abstinence from.tobacco use prior to *** cessation m.thods were used perioperatively including prescription therapy(13.5%),over the counter nicotine replacem.nt(18.9%),cessation program.(5.4%).At final follow up,43.2%(n=16)of prior tobacco sm.kers reported com.lete *** who were able to m.intain cessation postoperatively had im.roved Patient-Reported Outcom.s m.asurem.nt Inform.tion System.PROm.S)-10 m.ntal health scores(49 vs 58;P=0.01),and hip dysfunction and osteoarthritis outcom. score for joint replacem.nt(***)scores(63 vs 82;P=0.02).No patients in this cohort had a prosthetic joint infection or required revision *** We report a tobacco cessation rate of 43.2%in patients undergoing elective TJA nearly 3 years *** undergoing TJA who were able to rem.in abstinent had im.roved PROm.S-10 m.ntal health scores and *** *** perioperative period provides clinicians a unique opportunity to assist active tobacco sm.kers with cessation efforts and im.rove postoperative outcom.s.

关键词： Sm.king cessation Total joint arthroplasty Outcom.s Tobacco use Postoperative abstinence

Evaluation of hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system.in type 1 diabetes in real-world clinical practice:One-year observational study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 455-462页

作者： Ahm.d Eldib Shilton Dhaver Karim.Kibaa Astrid Atakov-Castillo Tareq Salah m.rwa Al-Badri Abdelrahm.n Khater ryan m.Carragher Om.ia Elenani Elena Toschi Osam. Ham.y Departm.nt of Clinical Behavioral&Outcomes ResearchJoslin Diabetes CenterBostonMA 02215United States Departm.nt of m.dicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Adm.nistration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system.for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is lim.ted inform.tion on the im.act of using HCL system. on patient-reported outcom.s(PROs)in patients with T1D in real-world clinical *** this independent study,we evaluated glycem.c param.ters and PROs over one year of continuous use of m.dtronic’s 670G HCL in real-world clinical *** To assess the effects of hybrid closed loop system.on glycem.c control and quality of life in adults with *** We evaluated 71 patients with T1D(m.an age:45.5±12.1 years;59%fem.les;body weight:83.8±18.7 kg,body m.ss index:28.7±5.6 kg/m.,A1C:7.6%±0.8%)who were treated with HCL at Joslin Clinic from.2017 to *** m.asured A1C and percent of glucose tim.-in-range(%TIR)at baseline and 12 *** m.asured percent tim. in auto m.de(%TiAm.for the last two weeks preceding the final visit and assessed PROs through several validated quality-of-life surveys related to general health and diabetes *** At 12 m.,A1C decreased by 0.3%±0.1%(P=0.001)and%TIR increased by 8.1%±2.5%(P=0.002).The average%TiAm.was only 64.3%±32.8%and was not associated with A1C,%TIR or ***,provided at baseline and at the end of the study,showed that the physical functioning subm.dule of 36Item.Short-Form.Health Survey increased significantly by 22.9%(Pm.a fear survey/worry scale decreased significantly by 24.9%(Pm.Areas In Diabetes reduced significantly by-17.2%(P=0.002).The em.tional burden subm.dules of dietary diversity score reduced significantly by-44.7%(P=0.001).Furtherm.re,analysis of Clarke questionnaire showed no increase in awareness of hypoglycem.c ***-5 showed no im.rovem.nts in subject’s wellbeing am.ng participants after starting the 670G HCL ***,analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed no difference in sleep quality,sleep latency,or duration o

关键词： Artificial pancreas Continuous blood glucose m.nitor Type 1 diabetes Hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery Quality of life