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Effect of Air Content on the Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient of Growing Media

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 955-963页

作者： Dominik Schmitz ruediger anlauf Peter Rehrmann Osnabrueck University of Applied Sciences Osnabrueck Germany.

An important parameter for describing oxygen availability in growing media is the air capacity, but this parameter does not include any information about the gas exchange with the surrounding atmosphere. The oxygen diffusion coefficient fulfills this requirement and may be better suited as a characteristic parameter to describe the oxygen regime. The measurement of the gas diffusion coefficient is a common method to describe the oxygenation in mineral soils, but this method has not been studied well on growing media yet. In this investigation four different growing media were used to measure the oxygen diffusion coefficient at two different bulk densities and four different water tensions in the laboratory. The effect of density and water tension on the oxygen diffusion coefficient in different growing media and the dependence on air content were investigated. The results show that both water tension and density have a major influence on oxygen diffusion. With increasing density and moisture content, a decrease of the oxygen diffusion coefficient can be observed. Between the substrates there are no significant differences regarding the oxygen diffusion coefficient at the same air content. Based on the oxygen diffusion coefficients of the substrates, the models describing the dependence of gas diffusion coefficients to air content in the literature were tested for the transferability to growing media. The Moldrup model [1] shows the best fit. The fit can be slightly further improved by modifying the tortuosity parameter.

关键词： Gas Diffusivity Pore Tortuosity Air Capacity Horticultural Substrate Peat

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德国应用型高等教育面面观

应用型高等教育研究 2016年第1期1卷 76-80页

作者： ruediger anlauf 李静金玉陈颖奥斯纳布吕克应用科学大学农业与景观设计学院下萨克森州德国49074 合肥学院外国语言系奥斯纳布吕克应用科学大学

应用型教育是德国高等院校,尤其是应用型大学的人才培养重点之一。基于学生的教育和实践背景、师资需求、学生的实践入学资格等方面介绍德国不同类型大学在应用型教育上的差别;其次介绍应用型教育的范例,如:实践类课程、项目教学、课程... 详细信息

应用型教育是德国高等院校,尤其是应用型大学的人才培养重点之一。基于学生的教育和实践背景、师资需求、学生的实践入学资格等方面介绍德国不同类型大学在应用型教育上的差别;其次介绍应用型教育的范例,如:实践类课程、项目教学、课程实习和与私营企业合作完成的论文。最后,提出实施应用型教育的措施,如开展应用型研究;设立包括具备职业经验的代表在内的学习项目咨询委员会,为课程设置和课程内容提出建议;建立职业中心,为学生提供职业规划指导。

关键词：奥斯纳布吕克应用科学大学应用型教育研究

Aerosol deposition technology and its applications in batteries

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第1期6卷 24-37页

作者： Xinyu Wang Ramon Alberto Paredes Camacho Xiaoyu Xu Yumei Wang Yi Qiang Hans Kungl ruediger-AEichel Yunfeng Zhang Li Lu National University of Singapore(Chongqing)Research Institute Chongqing401123PR China National University of Singapore Singapore117576 Fundamental Electrochemistry(IEK-9) Institute of Energy and Climate ResearchForschungszentrum Jülich52425JülichGermany

Aerosol deposition(AD)method is a kind of additive manufacturing technology for fabricating dense films such as metals and ceramics at room *** resolves the challenge of integrating ceramic films onto temperaturesensitive substrates,including metals,glasses,and *** should be emphasized that the AD is a spray coating technology that uses powder without thermal assistance to generate films with high *** to the traditional sputter-based approach,the AD shows several advantages in efficiency,convenience,better interfacial bonding and so ***,it opens some possibilities to the field of batteries,especially all-solidstate batteries(ASSBs)and draws much attention not only for research but also for large scale *** purpose of this work is to provide a critical review on the science and technology of AD as well as its applications in the field of *** process,mechanism and effective parameters of AD,and recent developments in AD applications in the field of batteries will be systematically reviewed so that a trend for AD will be finally provided.

关键词： Aerosol deposition Room temperature impact consolidation Ceramic film All-solid-state battery Spray coating technology

一种新型经导管主动脉瓣膜系统的动物实验研究

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中国临床研究 2024年

作者：徐灿刘健张海波魏来杨剑郭惠明 ruediger Lange 郭应强王东进南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院心脏外科南京中医药大学鼓楼临床医学院心脏外科广东省心血管病研究所广东省人民医院广东省医学科学院心外科首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心外科瓣膜中心复旦大学附属中山医院心脏外科空军军医大学西京医院心血管外科慕尼黑工业大学附属德国心脏中心心血管外科四川大学华西医院心脏大血管外科

目的探讨新型经导管主动脉瓣膜系统XcorTM应用于健康实验白猪的安全性。方法选取20头健康实验用白猪,平均体重40 kg左右,通过经心尖经导管主动脉瓣置换术（TAVR）植入XcorTM生物瓣膜。全部受试对象按照随机化方法分为三组,三组动物分... 详细信息

目的探讨新型经导管主动脉瓣膜系统XcorTM应用于健康实验白猪的安全性。方法选取20头健康实验用白猪,平均体重40 kg左右,通过经心尖经导管主动脉瓣置换术（TAVR）植入XcorTM生物瓣膜。全部受试对象按照随机化方法分为三组,三组动物分别于术后即刻（A组,n=2）、3个月时（B组,n=9）和6个月时（C组,n=9）安乐死,行心脏彩色多普勒超声心动图（CDE）、主动脉根部造影、实验室检查、解剖病理等检查,以评估XcorTM瓣膜置换效果。结果白猪平均体重（43.1±3.2） kg,XcorTM瓣膜在20头白猪中均成功置入,即刻成功率100%。20头白猪没有发生不良事件、实施安乐死前无死亡。6个月后CDE检查显示:XcorTM瓣膜位置满意,开闭良好;与术前相比,人工瓣膜峰值跨瓣压差、瓣膜有效开口面积、峰值流速,主动脉瓣瓣环直径均有改善（P0.05）。实验室检查未见明显异常。大体病理学检查示白猪重要脏器无明显病理改变,组织病理学显示瓣叶无严重病理改变。A、B、C三组主动脉瓣瓣叶钙盐含量分别为（0.32±0.22）μg/mg,（0.41±0.27）μg/mg,（0.56±0.14）μg/mg,差异无统计学意义（F=1.620,P>0.05）。结论本动物实验显示使用XcorTM生物瓣膜行经心尖TAVR术是安全可行的,未发现与操作相关的并发症,可有效替代原生主动脉瓣正常工作。同时可为下一步的临床试验积累宝贵的应用经验。

关键词：主动脉瓣瓣膜狭窄经导管主动脉瓣置换人工生物瓣膜动物实验

China's Oral Care System in Transition:Lessons to be Learned from Germany

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International Journal of Oral Science 2010年第3期2卷 158-176页

作者： ruediger Saekel Department of "Dental Care" in the Federal Ministry of Health(Germany)

Aim The objective of this discussion paper is to investigate whether the experience gained through the German paradigm shift in dental care can be of benefit in China＇s deliberations on the introduction of universal dental care for its people. Methodology A comparison of representative oral health outcome data from China and Germany, two countries at different stages in their development, is presented here in order to analyse whether the findings meet expected outcome and confirm the presumption that more developed countries perform better. Results The epidemiological comparison reveals surprising findings concerning the severity of dental diseases and, in particular, missing teeth per person in adults and rates of total edentulousness in seniors. In all of these areas German adults and seniors show significantly inferior outcomes compared with the Chinese population. The mainreason for these striking discrepancies, as it turned out, is the decisive role played by the treatment philosophies and strategies of German dentists. Conelusion and recommendations If dentists take a less interventionist approach, checking as well as treating dental diseases with preventive and strictly tooth-preserving methods, dental treatment results in oral health. Under these condi- tions it can be assumed that modem dentistry is generally good for the teeth. These findings are important for developing countries that are seeking to integrate dental care into their health care system. On the basis of long-term experience from highly industrialized Western countries and especially from Germany we will attempt to put forward proposals for creating an effective and efficient dental care system in China.

关键词： dental care systems preventive oral careapproach minimal-invasive dentistry oral health outcomes,restorative treatment in high-income countries

Design of a Plasmonic Platform to Improve the SERS Sensitivity for Molecular Detection

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Photonic Sensors 2020年第3期10卷 204-214页

作者： Chahinez DAB Reji THOMAS Andreas ruediger Chemistry Department Universitéde MontréalMontreal H3C 3J7Canada Division of Research and development Lovely Professional UniversityPunjab 144411India Nanophotonics-Nanoeletronicss Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique INRS-EMTVarennes J3X 1S2Canada

We suggested a plasmonic platform based on a cubic pattern of gold spheres for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS).In the case of linear polarization along the symmetry axes,the SERS enhancement per area is identical to hexagonally patterned *** validity of this model was tested using the simulation package of COMSOL Multiphysics®Modeling *** found an improved sensitivity in the near infrared and visible region of the electromagnetic *** method considered tolerance towards stacking faults and suggested a plasmonic platform for ultra-sensing *** design can be extended towards the molecular detection if the proposed plasmonic platform is used with SERS.

关键词： Plasmonic platform SERS enhancement sensitivity finite element method

Distribution and Sources of Organic Matter in Surface Sediments of the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas by Using Bulk and Tetraether Proxies

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第3期18卷 563-572页

作者： JI Zhongqiang JIN Haiyan STEIN ruediger LI Zhongqiao BAI Youcheng LI Hongliang ZHANG Yang CHEN Jianfang Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry State Oceanic Administration Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Hangzhou 310012 China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Hangzhou 310012 China Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven 27568 Germany

The organic matter (OM) preserved in Arctic Ocean sediments is of great importance to the global carbon budget. How-ever, works that apply multiple proxies to determine the distribution and concentration of organic carbon (OC) in the surface sedi-ments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas remain limited. Here a multiproxy approach based on bulk OM parameters and the branched vs. isoprenoid tetraether (BIT) index was used to investigate the distribution and sources of OM in the surface sediments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Binary and ternary mixing models were applied to trace the contribution of different OC sources to the total OC in the study area. The δ13C values of the sediments provided by the binary model showed that the proportion of terrestrial OC fell in the range of 27.4%–79.8% (46.2% on average). The BIT index returned the lowest fraction (4.8%–27.3%, 12.0% on average). The ternary mixing model was employed to determine the plant-, soil-, and marine-derived fractions of the total OM. The ternary model showed that 11.5%±6.3%, 31.4%±9.5%, and 57.1%±12.4% of OM in the sediment of the study area was derived from soil, plants, and marine sources, respectively. The differences in OM composition between the west and east sides of the Chukchi Sea were controlled by OM inputs from key water masses (i.e., Anadyr Water and Alaska Coastal Water), river discharge, and the nutrient supply from the Pacific inflow that supports marine productivity.

关键词： northern Bering Sea Chukchi Sea organic matter GDGTs bulk parameters

Aerosol deposition technology and its applications in batteries

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Diagnostics in inflammatory bowel disease: Ultrasound

纳米材料科学 2024年第1期 24页

作者： Xinyu Wang Ramon Alberto Paredes Camacho Xiaoyu Xu Yumei Wang Yi Qiang Hans Kungl ruediger-A.Eichel Yunfeng Zhang Li Lu

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第27期17卷 3192-3197页

作者： Deike Strobel ruediger S Goertz Thomas Bernatik Department of Medicine I Division of UltrasoundUniversity of ErlangenUlmenweg 18D-91054 ErlangenGermany

Diagnosis of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is based on a combination of clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and imaging data. Imaging of the morphological characteristics of IBD includes the assessment of mucosal alterations, transmural involvement and extraintestinal manifestations. No single imaging technique serves as a diagnostic gold standard to encompass all disease manifestations. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allow cross-sectional imaging of the transmural alterations and extraintestinal manifestations. While in the USA the technique of choice is CT, in Europe the focus is more on MRI and ultrasound (US). Most patients with chronic IBD are diagnosed at a young age. After baseline diagnosis many of these young patients have to undergo repetitive imaging procedures during the variable clinical course of the disease, characterized by alternate periods of remission and active disease, and in monitoring the response to treatment. US has the advantage of being noninvasive, less costly, and easily repeatable, and thus can be very useful in following up patients with IBD. In addition, rising concern about radiation exposure in young adults indicates the demand for radiation-sparing techniques like US and MRI. This article focuses on the current clinical practice of US in IBD, describing the current technologies used in transabdominal intestinal US and the characteristic sonographic findings in Crohn′s disease and ulcerative colitis.

关键词： High-frequency waves Ultrasound Clinical practice Inflammatory bowel disease Color Doppler Contrast agents