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Advances in MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors in gastric cancer

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2024年第6期21卷 484-498页

作者： Yifan Zhang lin Shen Zhi peng Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute

Gastric cancer is among the most frequently occurring cancers and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Because gastric cancer is highly heterogenous and comprised of different subtypes with distinct molecular and clinical characteristics, the management of gastric cancer calls for better-defined, biomarker-guided, molecular-based treatment strategies. MET is a receptor tyrosine kinase mediating important physiologic processes, such as embryogenesis, tissue regeneration, and wound healing. However, mounting evidence suggests that aberrant MET pathway activation contributes to tumour proliferation and metastasis in multiple cancer types, including gastric cancer, and is associated with poor patient outcomes. As such, MET-targeting therapies are being actively developed and promising progress has been demonstrated, especially with MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This review aims to briefly introduce the role of MET alterations in gastric cancer and summarize in detail the current progress of MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors in this disease area with a focus on savolitinib, tepotinib, capmatinib, and crizotinib. Building on current knowledge, this review further discusses existing challenges in MET alterations testing, possible resistance mechanisms to MET inhibitors, and future directions of MET-targeting therapies.

关键词： Gastric cancer MET alterations MET testing MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors savolitinib

Semi-derived Ringel-Hall algebras and Hall algebras of odd-periodic relative derived categories

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第8期67卷 1735-1760页

作者： Ji lin Liangang peng Department of Mathematics and Statistics Fuyang Normal University School of Mathematics Sichuan University

Let t be a positive integer and A be a hereditary abelian category satisfying some finiteness conditions. We define the semi-derived Ringel-Hall algebra of A from the category CZ/t（A） of Z/t-graded complexes and obtain a natural basis of the semi-derived Ringel-Hall algebra. Moreover, we describe the semiderived Ringel-Hall algebra by the generators and defining relations. In particular, if t is an odd integer, we show an embedding of the derived Hall algebra of the odd-periodic relative derived category in the extended semi-derived Ringel-Hall algebra.

关键词： hereditary abelian categories the categories of $\mathbb{Z}/t$-graded complexes semi-derived Ringel-Hall algebras derived Hall algebras

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金属层状复合材料的力学行为及微观变形机理

中国材料进展 2024年第1期43卷 24-34,11页

作者：姜爽贾楠 peng lin ru 东北大学材料电磁过程研究教育部重点实验室辽宁沈阳110819 东北大学材料科学与工程学院材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室辽宁沈阳110819 林雪平大学工程材料系瑞典林雪平58183

金属层状复合材料作为一种典型的非均质材料,通过调控其内部的多尺度微结构特性,可以实现金属结构材料强度-韧性的协同提升,在高端先进制造领域具有潜在的应用前景。金属层状复合材料的宏观力学性能显著依赖于各组元层的性能、厚度和异... 详细信息

金属层状复合材料作为一种典型的非均质材料,通过调控其内部的多尺度微结构特性,可以实现金属结构材料强度-韧性的协同提升,在高端先进制造领域具有潜在的应用前景。金属层状复合材料的宏观力学性能显著依赖于各组元层的性能、厚度和异质界面的结构特性。变形过程中材料内部的微观应力/应变在异质界面处的协调特性对组元金属的形变微观机制产生重要影响,进而影响复合材料整体的性能。因此,探索金属层状复合材料的“微观结构-力学行为-变形机制-宏观力学性能”的内在关联并揭示其对应的微观形变机理,对设计具有优异综合力学性能的金属层状复合材料有重要的理论指导意义和实际应用价值。聚焦于晶态金属层状复合材料的微观力学行为及变形机理,介绍了其力学行为的尺寸与界面效应,着重讨论了室温下材料的微观形变物理过程,阐明了非均匀金属层状复合体强韧化的机理。最后,对金属层状复合材料力学行为的研究进行了简要展望。

关键词：金属层状复合材料塑性变形微观力学行为变形机制异质界面强韧化机制

Distribution of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances in blood,serum,and urine of patients with liver cancer and associations with liver function biomarkers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 418-427页

作者： Cao Dai lin peng Yanjie Li Zhendong Li Da Chen Fei Wang Nan lin Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630China School of Environment Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and HealthJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis Department of ChemistryHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences MEEGuangzhou 510655China

Studies have shown that per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)may be hepatotoxic in animals or humans.However,data on clinical epidemiology are very limited.In this study,21PFASs were determined in patients with liver diseases,with the highest median concentrations detected in the serum sample(26.7 ng/mL),followed by blood(10.7 ng/mL)and urine(5.02 ng/mL).Higher total PFAS concentrations were found in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients compared to non-HCC patients,with significant discrepancies in serum and blood samples.Besides,significant correlations were also found among PFAS concentrations and age,gender,body mass index(BMI),and liver function biomarkers levels.For example,PFAS concentrations are significantly higher in males than in females;Several serum PFASs concentrations increase with age and BMI,while the serum perfluorohexane sulfonic acid(PFHxS)concentrations are negatively correlated with age.In addition,multiple regression models adjusted for age,gender and BMI found that increased serum perfluorobutane sulfonic acid(PFBS),perfluoroheptane sulfonic acid(PFHpS)and perfluorohexylphosphonic acid(PFHxPA)conentrations are correlated with elevated alkaline phosphatase(ALP),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)(plinical hepatotoxicity of PFAS.

关键词： Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) Liver cancer Serum Blood Urine Liver function biomarkers

Clinical analysis of secondary penile cancer:a case series at a tertiary referral center in China

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 225-226页

作者： Xiao-Yu Li Chun-ru Xu Xing Ji Zhen-peng Zhu Zhen-Ke Guo Tian-Yu Cai Jian lin Department of Urology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China Institute of Urology Peking UniversityBeijing 100034China National Urological Cancer Center Beijing 100034China Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases(Male)Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center Beijing 100034China

Dear Editor,Secondary penile cancer is an extremely rare condition that refers to the metastasis of other malignancies to the penis.There are limited reports on secondary penile cancer in Asian populations,and perceptions about this disease are extremely scarce.We reviewed and analyzed the data of patients diagnosed with secondary penile cancer based on the pathological findings at Peking University First Hospital in Beijing,China,aiming to expand the clinical reference for this rare disease.

关键词： cancer rare finding

Not in Control,but Liable?Attributing Human Responsibility for Fully Automated Vehicle Accidents

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 121-132页

作者： Siming Zhai lin Wang peng Liu Center for Psychological Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310063China Department of Library and Information Science Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

Human agency has become increasingly limited in complex systems with increasingly automated decision-making capabilities.For instance,human occupants are passengers and do not have direct vehicle control in fully automated cars(i.e.,driverless cars).An interesting question is whether users are responsible for the accidents of these cars.Normative ethical and legal analyses frequently argue that individuals should not bear responsibility for harm beyond their control.Here,we consider human judgment of responsibility for accidents involving fully automated cars through three studies with seven experiments(N=2668).We compared the responsibility attributed to the occupants in three conditions:an owner in his private fully automated car,a passenger in a driverless robotaxi,and a passenger in a conventional taxi,where none of these three occupants have direct vehicle control over the involved vehicles that cause identical pedestrian injury.In contrast to normative analyses,we show that the occupants of driverless cars(private cars and robotaxis)are attributed more responsibility than conventional taxi passengers.This dilemma is robust across different contexts(e.g.,participants from China vs the Republic of Korea,participants with first-vs third-person perspectives,and occupant presence vs absence).Furthermore,we observe that this is not due to the perception that these occupants have greater control over driving but because they are more expected to foresee the potential consequences of using driverless cars.Our findings suggest that when driverless vehicles(private cars and taxis)cause harm,their users may face more social pressure,which public discourse and legal regulations should manage appropriately.

关键词： Fully automated vehicle accidents Responsibility attribution Controllability Foreseeability

Heterogeneous body compositions and all-cause mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients:a ten-year retrospective cohort study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第5期21卷 534-541页

作者： Guang-Zhi LIAO lin BAI Yu-Yang YE Xue-Feng CHEN Xin-ru HU Yong peng Department of Cardiology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina

BACKGROUND The association of different body components,including lean mass and body fat,with the risk of death in acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients are unclear.METHODS We enrolled adults diagnosed with ACS at our center between January 2011 and December 2012 and obtained fol-low-up outcomes via telephone questionnaires.We used restricted cubic splines(RCS)with the Cox proportional hazards model to analyze the associations between body mass index(BMI),predicted lean mass index(LMI),predicted body fat percentage(BF),and the value of LMI/BF with 10-year mortality.We also examined the secondary outcome of death during hospitalization.RESULTS During the maximum 10-year follow-up of 1398 patients,331 deaths(23.6%)occurred,and a U-shaped relationship was found between BMI and death risk(P_(nonlinearity)=0.03).After adjusting for age and history of diabetes,the overweight group(24≤BMIlinear relationship with a 10-year death risk(P_(nonlinearity)=0.24 and P_(nonlinearity)=0.38,respectively),while an increase in BF was associ-ated with increased mortality(P_(nonlinearity)=0.64).During hospitalization,31 deaths(2.2%)were recorded,and the associations of the indicators with in-hospital mortality were consistent with the long-term outcome analyses.CONCLUSION Our study provides new insight into the“obesity paradox”in ACS patients,highlighting the importance of considering body composition heterogeneity.Predicted LMI and BF may serve as useful tools for assessing nutritional status and predicting the prognosis of ACS,based on their linear associations with all-cause mortality.

关键词： patients mortality coronary

Graphene-anchored sodium single atoms:A highly active and stable catalyst for transesterification reaction

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 4979-4985页

作者： Song-Song peng Yao Nian Xing-ru Song Xiang-Bin Shao Chen Gu Zhi-Wei Xing Shi-Chao Qi peng Tan You Han Xiao-Qin Liu lin-Bing Sun State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials(SICAM)College of Chemical EngineeringNanjing Tech University30 South Puzhu RoadNanjing 211816China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

Solid strong base catalysts have received considerable attention in various organic reactions due to their facile separation,neglectable corrosion,and environmental friendliness.Although great progress has been made in the preparation of solid strong base catalysts,it is still challenging to avoid basic sites aggregation on support and active sites loss in reaction system.Here,we report a tandem redox strategy to prepare Na single atoms on graphene,producing a new kind of solid strong base catalyst(Na1/G).The base precursor NaNO_(3)was first reduced to Na2O by graphene(400℃)and successively to single atoms Na anchored on the graphene vacancies(800℃).Owing to the atomically dispersed of basicity,the resultant catalyst presents high activity toward the transesterification of methanol and ethylene carbonate to synthesize dimethyl carbonate(turnover frequency(TOF)value:125.7 h^(−1)),which is much better than the conventional counterpart Na2O/G and various reported solid strong bases(TOF:1.0-90.1 h^(−1)).Furthermore,thanks to the basicity anchored on graphene,the Na1/G catalyst shows excellent durability during cycling.This work may provide a new direction for the development of solid strong base catalysts.

关键词： solid strong base catalyst basic sites redox graphene single Na atoms

Fabrication of Molecularly Imprinted Electrospun Nanofibers with Mono-amidoxime Functional Ligand for Efficient Decontamination of Toxic Organophosphates

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 446-456页

作者： Lan Wang peng Jiang Ya-lin Niu Jun-peng Cao Tian-Ying Guo Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials Ministry of EducationInstitute of Polymer ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Frontier Science Center for the Creation of New Organic SubstancesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China

There is an urgent imperative to discover practical and efficacious artificial catalysts for the expeditious decontamination of toxic organophosphates. Herein, we propose a novel molecularly imprinted approach utilizing electrospun fiber scaffolds. Specifically, an amidoxime-based functional polymer (PMAOX) has been synthesized, which contains amidoxime groups that can act as nucleophiles and ligands for the formation of catalytic active sites. This polymer was blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a well-processable material, to prepare a nanofiber mat using electrospinning techniques. Then, the amidoxime side groups on fiber surface were further cross-linked after the molecular coordination of templates to complete the molecularly imprinting process. This approach can not only enhance the content of functional molecularly imprinted polymers without affecting structural stability, but also combines surface MI technology to fully expose and leverage the advantages of active sites. The as prepared molecularly imprinted electrospun nanofibers MIF-Zn-PMAOX/PAN-6/4 catalyzes the degradation of paraoxon with a half-life of 32 min, and MIF-Ag-PMAOX/PAN catalyzes the degradation of parathion with a half-life of 18 min. The maximum catalytic rate evidence rate enhancements nearly 3700-fold of the self-hydrolysis. Thus, the mono-amidoxime based molecularly imprinted fibers demonstrate the versatility and superiority as self-detoxifying for organophosphates.

关键词： Organophosphateshydrolysis Electrospinning Molecular imprinting