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Consequences of bullying victimization in childhood and adolescence:A systematic review and meta-analysis

World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 60-76页

作者： Sophie e Moore rosana e norman Shuichi Suetani Hannah J Thomas Peter D Sly James G Scott Child Health Research Centre the University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innova-tion Queensland University of Technology School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research the Park Centre for Mental Health Faculty of Medicine the University of Queensland the University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research the University of Queensland Metro North Mental Health Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital

AIM To identify health and psychosocial problems associated with bullying victimization and conduct a meta-analysis summarizing the causal *** A systematic review was conducted using Pub Med, eMBASe, eRIC and Psyc INFO electronic databases up to 28 February 2015. The study included published longitudinal and cross-sectional articles that examined health and psychosocial consequences of bullying victimization. All meta-analyses were based on qualityeffects models. evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria and the grading system developed by the World Cancer Research *** Out of 317 articles assessed for eligibility, 165 satisfied the predetermined inclusion criteria for *** significant associations were observed between bullying victimization and a wide range of adverse health and psychosocial problems. The evidence was strongest for causal associations between bullying victimization and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, poor general health and suicidal ideation and behaviours. Probable causal associations existed between bullying victimization and tobacco and illicit drug use. CONCLUSION Strong evidence exists for a causal relationship between bullying victimization, mental health problems and substance use. evidence also exists for associations between bullying victimization and other adverse health and psychosocial problems, however, there is insufficient evidence to conclude causality. The strong evidence that bullying victimization is causative of mental illness highlights the need for schools to implement effective interventions to address bullying behaviours.

关键词： Bullying Victimization Systematic review Meta-analysis Child Adolescent

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The Beauty of Being a Variant： H2A.Z and the SWR1 Complex in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 565-577页

作者： rosana March-Diaz Jose C. Reyes Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMeR) CSIC Americo Vespucio s/n E-41092 Sevilla Spain

Numerous studies have shown that the nucleosome is a dynamic structure that strongly influences gene expression. Dynamism concerns different nucleosomal characteristics, including position, posttranslational modifications, and histone composition. Thus, within the nucleosome, canonical histones can be exchanged by histone variant proteins with specific functions--a process known as ‘histone replacement＇. The histone variant H2A.Z has an important function in transcription and, during the last few years, its role in plant development and immune response has become evident. Compiling genetic and biochemical studies from several laboratories has revealed that plants contain a multiprotein complex, similar to the SWR1/SRCAP complex from yeast and animals, involved in H2A.Z deposition. Despite intense research in different organisms, the mechanism by which H2A.Z influences transcription is still unknown. However, recent results from Arabidopsis have shown a strong inverse correlation between H2A.Z and DNA methylation, suggesting that H2A.Z might protect genes from silencing.

关键词： Chromatin structure and remodeling epigenetics gene regulation floral induction.

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Transitioning from paternalism to empowerment of farmers in lowincome countries: Farming components to systems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第8期14卷 1490-1499页

作者： David norman Agricultural economics Department Kansas State University

Reasons for the initiation of farming systems/participatory approaches in non-Green Revolution（i.e., in more heterogeneous and less favourable production environments） areas in low-income countries is followed by a discussion of their *** phases are described along, with a brief description of some of the significant methods in which farmer participation has been sought, accessed and *** enabled/facilitated the evolutionary ***, over the last 40 years there has been a progress in making small-scale farmers much more visible in driving the agricultural research/development agenda through using the four basic stages embodied in the farming systems approach（i.e., descriptive, diagnosis, testing/evaluation and finally dissemination）, much still needs to be *** leads on to a discussion as to some of the barriers still inhibiting true farmer empowerment and why further, such empowerment is imperative, if the agricultural challenges of this century are to be addressed successfully, namely substantially increasing agricultural productivity in an ecologically sustainable *** the heterogeneity of the production environments and that many identified improvements are likely to be incremental rather than revolutionary in nature, this will require farmers＇ intimate involvement in their identification, evaluation and *** in the paper recognizes that there is increasing globalization/commercialization of agriculture and is predicated on the need to consider the whole farmer-research-development continuum involving multiple stakeholders（i.e., farmers, scientists, extension workers, input/output service providers and policymakers）.Such a continuum has been explicitly recognized in the operational plans for the recently reformed international agricultural research（i.e., CGIAR） *** paper concludes with a short discussion on the potential role of formal modelling.

关键词： farming systems research farmer empowerment farmer participatory approaches/techniques globalisation commercialisation conservat

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Olfactory dysfunction in dementia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第11期2卷 661-667页

作者： Jorge Alves Agavni Petrosyan rosana Magalhes Cognitive Rehabilitation Center 4710-228 Braga Portugal Department of Cognitive Sciences Univer-sity of California at Irvine Irvine CA 92717 United States

The natural aging process brings about some inevitable consequences, such as olfactory dysfunction, which is also frequently linked to numerous neurodegenerative disorders. Many age-related dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease, Vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, and Frontotemporal Dementia often display olfactory dysfunction. Despite the overwhelming evidence of above mentioned facts, the symptomatic relevance and potential clinical and pre-clinical value of olfactory dysfunction remains overlooked by many clinicians and public alike. Olfactory dysfunction has strong practical implications on daily activities and, although not as prominent as in other mammals, olfaction is still an evolutionarily relevant sense involved in human survival(e.g., smelling gas; bad food). In this work, we provide a brief review of current research related to the olfactory dysfunction profiles in different types of dementia. Additionally, we present a compilation of accessible, easy to use olfaction assessment tools; and highlight future directions in terms of improving clinical diagnosis in patient care and research.

关键词： Dementia Aging Olfaction Olfactory dysfunction

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AN ANALYSIS oF THe SHeAR FAILURe OF RIGID-LINeAR HARDeNING BeAMS UNDeR IMPULSIVe LOADING

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1996年第4期12卷 338-348页

作者：王礼立 norman Jones Ningbo University Ningbo 315211China and also University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Impact Research Centre Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Liverpool.P.O.Box 147Liverpool L69 3BXU.K.

A theoretical rigid-plastic analysis for the dynamic shear failure of beams under impulsive loading is presented when using a travelling plastic shear hinge model which tabes into account material strain hardening. The maximum dynamic shear strain and shear strain-rate can be predicted in addition to the permanent transverse deflections and other parameters. The conditions for the three modes of shear failure, i.e., excess deflection failure, excess shear strain failure and adiabatic shear failure are analyzed. The special case of an infinitesimally small plastic zone is discussed and compared with Nonaka's solution for a rigid, perfectly plastic material. The results can also be generalized to examine the dynamic response of fibre-reinforced beams.

关键词： shear failure rigid-linear hardening plastic beam dynamic response impulsive loading adiabatic shear

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Organic Gases in Fluid Inclusions of Ore Minerals and Their Constraints on Ore Genesis:A Case Study of the Changkeng Au-Ag Deposit,Guangdong,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(english edition) 2003年第1期77卷 86-94页

作者： DavidI.norman Department of earth & environmental Sciences New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology (NMT) Socorro NM87801 USA

The newly discovered Changkeng Au-Ag deposit is a new type of sediment-hostedprecious metal deposit. Most of the previous researchers believed that the deposit was formed bymeteoric water convection. By using a high vacuum quadrupole gas mass spectrometric system, ninelight hydrocarbons have been recognized in the fluid inclusions in ore minerals collected from theChangkeng deposit. The hydrocarbons are composed mainly of saturated alkanes C_(1-4) and unsaturatedalkenes C_(2-4) and aromatic hydrocarbons, in which the alkanes are predominant, while the contentsof alkenes and aromatic hydrocarbons are very low. The sum alka/sum alke ratio of most samples ishigher than 100, suggesting that those hydrocarbons are mainly generated by pyrolysis of kerogens insedimentary rocks caused by water-rock interactions at medium-low temperatures, and themetallogenic processes might have not been affected by magmatic activity. A thermodynamiccalculation shows that the light hydrocarbons have reached chemical equilibrium at temperatureshigher than 200 deg C, and they may have been generated in the deep part of sedimentary basins(e.g., the Sanzhou basin) and then be transported by ore-forming fluids to a shallow position of thebasin via a long distance. Most of the organic gases are generated by pyrolysis of the type IIkerogens (kukersite) in sedimentary host rocks, only a few by microorganism activity. Thecompositions and various parameters of light hydrocarbons in gold ores are quite similar to those insilver ores, suggesting that the gold and silver ores may have similar metallogenic *** on the compositions of organic gases in fluid inclusions, the authors infer that the Changkengdeposit may be of a tectonic setting of continental rift. The results of this study support fromone aspect the authors' opinion that the Changkeng deposit is not formed by meteoric waterconvection, and that its genesis has a close relationship with the evolution of the Sanzhou basin,so it belon

关键词： ore mineral fluid inclusion organic gas Changkeng Au-Ag deposit

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Increased Drying Rate Lowers the Critical Water Content for Survival in embryonic Axes of english Oak (Quercus robur L.) Seeds

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第4期53卷 270-280页

作者： Tobias M.Ntuli William e.Finch-Savage Patricia Berjak norman W.Pammenter Plant Germplasm Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusPrivate Bag X54001Durban 4000South Africa Department of Life and Consumer Sciences University of South AfricaPrivate Bag X6Florida 1710JohannesburgSouth Africa Warwick HRI Warwick UniversityWellesbourneWarwick CV35 9EFUK Plant Germplasm Conservation Research School of Biological and Conservation SciencesUniversity of KwaZulu-NatalWestville

The potential to cryopreserve embryonic axes of desiccation-sensitive（recalcitrant） seeds is limited by damage during the desiccation necessary for low temperature survival,but the basis of this injury and how to reduce it is not well *** effects of drying rate on the viability,respiratory metabolism and free radical-mediated processes were therefore investigated during dehydration of Quercus robur L embryonic ***,assessed by evidence of germination and tetrazolium staining,showed a sharp decline at 0.27 and 0.8 g/g during rapid（〈12 h） or slow（3d） dehydration,*** dehydration therefore lowered the critical water content for *** any given water content rapid dehydration was associated with higher activities of the free radical processing enzymes,superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione reductase and lower levels of hydroperoxide and membrane *** dehydration was also associated with lower malate dehydrogenase activity,and a reduced decline in phosphofructokinase activity and in levels of the oxidized form of nicotinamide *** may have contributed to increased damage during slow dehydration,since viability declined even in hydrated storage after 3 *** results presented are consistent with rapid dehydration reducing the accumulation of damage resulting from desiccation induced aqueous-based deleterious reactions.

关键词： Quercus robur L Seeds Figure NADH

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Small-scale convection beneath oceans and continents

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Science Bulletin 2011年第13期56卷 1292-1320页

作者： SLeeP norman H. Department of Geophysics Stanford University

Small-scale convection supplies heat flow of ～17 mW m-2 to the base of stable continents where xenolith studies resolve the ***,effects of small-scale convection are difficult to resolve in ocean *** first pass,most seafloor appears to subside to an asymptote compatible with ～40 mW m-2 convective heat *** common regions are tracked by hotspots so uplift associated with ponded mantle material is an attractive *** seafloor in the North and South Atlantic continues to subside with the square root of age as expected from pure *** theory of stagnant-lid convection provides good scaling relationships for heat *** linear viscosity,heat flow is proportional to the underlying "half-space" viscosity to the 1/3 power and the temperature to change viscosity by a factor of e to the 4/3 *** formalism is easily modified to represent convection beneath a lid of highly viscous and buoyant cratonal lithosphere and to represent transient convection beneath thickening oceanic *** mantle with linear,strongly temperature-dependent,and weakly depth-dependent viscosity is compatible with both oceanic and continental *** complicated rheology may allow vigorous small-scale convection under most but not all old ocean *** viable hypotheses require poorly understood global features,including lateral variations of asthenospheric *** studies have the potential to resolve the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary,including local variations of its depth associated with small-scale convection.

关键词： lithosphere asthenosphere ocean depth-age small-scale convection craton mantle plume

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Identifying changes in punitive transcriptional factor binding sites from regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms that are significantly associated with disease or sickness

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World Journal of Hematology 2016年第4期5卷 75-87页

作者： norman e Buroker Department of Pediatrics University of Washington

AIM To identify punitive transcriptional factor binding sites(TFBS) from regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms(rS NPs) that are significantly associated with *** The genome-wide association studies have provided us with nearly 6500 disease or trait-predisposing SNPs where 93% are located within non-coding regions such as gene regulatory or intergenic areas of the genome. In the regulatory region of a gene, a SNP can change the DNA sequence of a transcriptional factor(TF) motif and in turn may affect the process of gene regulation. SNP changes that affect gene expression and impact gene regulatory sequences such as promoters, enhancers, and silencers are known as rS NPs. Computational tools can be used to identify unique punitive TFBS created by rS NPs that are associated with disease or sickness. Computational analysis was used to identify punitive TFBS generated by the alleles of these rS *** r SNPs within nine genes that have been significantly associated with disease or sickness were used to illustrate the tremendous diversity of punitive unique TFBS that can be generated by their alleles. The genes studied are the adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 1, the v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 3, the activating transcription factor 3, the type 2 demodkinase gene, the endothetal Per-Arnt-Sim domain protein 1, the lysosomal acid lipase A, the signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 4, the thromboxane A2 receptor and the vascular endothelial growth factor A. From this sampling of SNPs among the nine genes, there are 73 potential unique TFBS generated by the common alleles comparedto 124 generated by the minor alleles indicating the tremendous diversity of potential TFs that are capable of regulating these *** From the diversity of unique punitive binding sites for TFs, it was found that some TFs play a role in the disease or sickness being studied.

关键词： Regulatory single nucleotide polymorphisms Alleles Transcriptional factors Transcriptional factor binding sites Linkage disequilibrium Disease or sickness

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MINAR1 is a Notch2-binding protein that inhibits angiogenesis and breast cancer growth

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2018年第3期10卷 195-204页

作者： Rachel Xi-Yeen Ho rosana D. Meyer Kevin B. Chandler esma ersoy Michael Park Philip A. Bondzie Nima Rahimi Huihong Xu Catherine e. Costello Nader Rahimi Department of Pathology School of Medicine Boston University Medical Campus Boston MA 02118 USA Department of Biochemistry and Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry School of Medicine Boston University Medical Campus Boston MA 02118 USA

Intrinsically disordered proteins （IDPs）/intrinsicaUy unstructured proteins are characterized by the lack of fixed or stable tertiary structure, and are increasingly recognized as an important class of proteins with major roles in signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In this study, we report the identification and functional characterization of a previously uncharacterized protein （UPFO258/KIAA1024）, major intrinsically disordered Notch2-associated receptor 1 （MINAR1）. While MINAR1 carries a single transmembrane domain and a short cytoplasmic domain, it has a large extraceUular domain that shares no similarity with known protein sequences. Uncharacteristically, MINAR1 is a highly IDP with nearly 70% of its amino acids sequences unstructured. We demonstrate that MINAR1 physically interacts with Notch2 and its binding to Notch2 increases its stability and function. MINAR1 is widely expressed in various tissues including the epithelial cells of the breast and endothelial cells of blood vessels. MINAR1 plays a negative role in angioganesis as it inhibits angioganesis in cell culture and in mouse matrigal plug and zebraflsh anglo- genesis models. Furthermore, while MINAR1 is highly expressed in the normal human breast, its expression is significantly down- regulated in advanced human breast cancer and its re-expression in breast cancer cells inhibited tumor growth. Our study demonstrates that MINAR1 is an IDP that negatively regulates angioganesis and growth of breast cancer cells.

关键词： intrinsically disordered proteins Notch2 angiogenesis breast cancer MINAR1

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