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Landslide risk perception and communication for disaster risk management in mountain areas of developing countries：a Mexican foretaste

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第12期13卷 2079-2093页

作者： Irasema ALcáNTARA-AYALA Ana rosa MORENO Institute of Geography National Autonomous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoaedn04510Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Medicine Department of Public HealthNational Autonormous University of Mexico(UNAM)Ciudad UniversitariaCoyoacan04510Mexico CityMexico

The increasing impact of disasters at local,national,regional and global scales in recent decades has provided enough evidence to urgently direct attention towards the necessity of disaster risk reduction and management,and this requires *** without communication is barren,and to communicate the risk of disaster it is necessary to understand the perception of the people at *** particular,this paper deals with the necessity to delineate strategies of risk communication in pursuance of risk knowledge as a core of disaster risk reduction and management,especially in mountain areas of developing *** portray this issue,an analysis of landslide risk perception in terms of experience,landslide risk awareness,exposure,preparedness,and risk communication and trust was undertaken in the municipality of Teziutlán,Puebla,Mexico,an area that has been affected for several decades by episodes of mass *** of the responses to a risk perception questionnaire has offered valuable insights in terms of the information and knowledge most required by the people living in the area of interest,in order to devise a realistic and functional strategy to communicate the risk of a landslide *** includes better understanding of controlling factorsand drivers of this risk,and the establishment of potential trusted sources of risk *** considering practical matters of risk assessment and management,risk perception and communication can increase the resilience of vulnerable people,and can enhance capacity building for present and future generations.

关键词： Risk perception Risk communication Landslides Disaster risk Mountain areas

Uncovering the uncertainty: Risk factors and clinical relevance of P1 lesions on small bowel capsule endoscopy of anemic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第38期22卷 8568-8575页

作者： Tiago cúrdia Gon?alves Mara Barbosa Bruno rosa Maria Jo?o Moreira José cotter Gastroenterology Department Hospital da Senhora da Oliveira School of Health Sciences University of Minho IcVS/3B’s PT Government Associate Laboratory

AIM To identify risk factors for P1 lesions on small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBcE) and to describe the natural history of anemic patients with such type of *** One hundred patients were consecutively selected for a case-control analysis performed between 37 cases with P1 lesions and 63 controls with negative SBcE. Age, gender, comorbidities and regular medication were collected. Rebleeding, further investigational studies and death were also analyzed during the *** No significant differences on gender, median age or charlson index were found between groups. Although no differences were found on the use of proton pump inhibitors, acetylsalicylic acid, anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents, the use of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAID) was associated with a higher risk of P1 lesions(OR = 12.00, 95%cI: 1.38-104.1). From the 87 patients followed at our center, 39 were submitted to additional studies for investigation of iron-deficiency anemia(IDA), and this was significantly more common in those patients with no findings on SBcE(53.7% vs 30.3%, P = 0.033). A total of 29 patients had at least one rebleeding or IDA recurrence episode and 9 patients died of non-anemia related causes but no differences were found between cases and *** P1 lesions are commonly found in patients with IDA submitted to SBcE. The use of NSAID seems to be a risk factor for P1 lesions. The outcomes of patients with P1 lesions do not differ significantly from those with P0 lesions or normal SBcE.

关键词： P1 lesions Iron-deficiency anemia Small bowel capsule endoscopy Risk factors Rebleeding

EFFEcTS OF RIVER NETWORK WORKS AND SOIL cONSERVATION MEASURES ON RESERVOIR SILTATION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第4期22卷 273-281页

作者： Bruno MOLINO rosa VIPARELLI Annamaria DE VINcENZO Prof. Department of Environmental Physics and Engineering University of Basilicata 85100 Potenza Italy

Knowledge of the morphological dynamics of a water course is essential for management of reservoir siltation. With an example of sedimentation in a reservoir in Basilicata, Italy, this paper demonstrates the effect on reservoir siltation of the hydraulic works, which are aimed to reduce sediment transport along the fluvial network and to prevent part of the sediment discharge from reaching the lake. The effect depends on the river type and on the the geological features of river basin slopes. The paper also shows how mass erosion can significantly contribute to development of reservoir siltation. Finally, preliminary results are provided about the time needed for river training works to be effective.

关键词： Water resources management River hydraulic works Soil erosion Landslide Reservoir siltation

Micromorphology of Surface crusts in the Knersvlakte,South Africa

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第2期6卷 189-196页

作者： Sarah-Jane c.Fox Anthony J.Mills rosa M.Poch Department of Soil Science Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch South Africa Department of Environment and Soil Science University of LleidaRovira Roure 191 Lleida

Soils in the Knersvlakte are particularly prone to crusting and have lower inherent infiltrability than other soils across western southern Africa. Micromorphological techniques were used to examine the structure and porosity of soil crusts in the Knersvlakte to ascertain why crusting is so intense in this region. Quantile regression using boundary lines was employed to examine the relationships between infiltrability and soil properties for all samples （n = 67）. This analysis showed that infiltrability is potentially maximal at low water- dispersible ＇clay plus silt＇ content and low silt content （r^2 = 0.72 and 0.64; respectively, n = 67）（Figure 2）. The strength of crusts, pH, Ec, clay mineralogy, and water-dispersible clay, silt and ＇clay plus silt＇ content were compared, and a pore analysis using optical microscopy was undertaken on images of six soil thin sections （n = 6）（circular and parallel polarizers）. Pore analysis was further undertaken on five horizontal slices of equal dimensions taken through each soil thin section. The porosity samples with low infiltrability （〈 100 mm·hr^-1, n = 4） had greater crust strength, lower porosity （both total and in the least porous slice） and greater water-dispersible ＇day plus silt＇ and silt content than the porosity samples with high infiltrability （〉 100mm·hr^-1, n = 2）. The porosity samples with low infiltrability showed a trend of lower pH and greater water dispersible clay percentage. Porosity varied within the porosity samples due to the presence of dense clay/silt bands （〈 0.5 mm in width） with relatively few air vesicles. The porosity samples with horizontal slices of low porosity （but large numbers of air vesicles） had low infiltrability, while those without slices of low porosity （and relatively few air vesicles） had high infiltrability. We conclude that the intense crusting and resultant low infiltrability of soils in the Knersvlakte appears to be related to the formation of thin, dense clay/silt bands in the

关键词： Infiltrability optical microscopy porosity air vesicles

Estimation of aboveground biomass of arboreal species in the semi-arid region of Brazil using SAR(synthetic aperture radar)images

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第6期15卷 695-709页

作者： Janisson B de JESUS Tatiana M KUPLIcH Íkaro D de c BARRETO Fernando L HILLEBRAND cristiano N da rosa Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing Federal University of Rio Grande do SulCampus ValePorto Alegre 91501970Brazil National Institute for Space Research(INPE) COESU(Southern Spatial Coordination)Santa Maria 97105970Brazil Postgraduate Program Biometry and Applied Statistics Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecife 52171900Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul(IFRS)Campus RolanteRolante 95690000Brazil Postgraduate Program in Remote Sensing Polar and Climate CenterFederal University of Rio Grande do SulPorto Alegre 91501970Brazil

The caatinga biome is an important ecosystem in the semi-arid region of *** has significantly degraded due to human activities and is currently a region undergoing ***,monitoring the variation in the caatinga biome has become essential for its sustainable ***,traditional methods for estimating aboveground biomass(AGB)are time-consuming and *** sensing,such as optical and radar imaging,can estimate and correlate with ***,radar imaging is still a novelty to be applied in estimating the AGB of this biome,which is an area with little ***,this study aimed to use Sentinel-1 images to estimate the AGB of the caatinga biome in Sergipe State(northeastern Brazil)and to verify its influencing *** sample plots(30 m×30 m)were selected,and the stems of individuals with a circumference at breast height(1.3 m above the ground)equal to or greater than 6.0 cm were measured,and the AGB through an allometric equation was *** Sentinel-1 images from 3 different periods(green,intermediate,and dry periods)were used to consider the phenological conditions of the caatinga *** the pre-processing and extraction of attributes(co-polarized VV(vertical transmit and vertical receive),cross-polarized VH(vertical transmit and horizontal receive),and band ratio VH/VV backscatter,radar vegetation index,dual polarization synthetic aperture radar(SAR)vegetation index(DPSVI),entropy(H),and alpha angle(α))were performed with Sentinel’s Application *** attributes were used to estimate the AGB through simple and multiple linear regressions and evaluated by the coefficients of determination(R2),correlation(r),and root mean squared error(RMSE).The results showed that the attributes individually had little ability to estimate the AGB of the caatinga biome in the three *** with multiple regression,we found that the intermediate period presented the equation with the best

关键词： caatinga tropical dry forest coherent and incoherent attributes c-band Sentinel-1

Plant biotic interactions: From fundamental research toward sustainable agriculture

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第2期63卷 275-276页

作者： rosa Lozano-Duran Suomeng Dong Shanghai center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciencesthe Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201602China Department of Plant Biochemistry Centre for Plant Molecular Biology(ZMBP)Eberhard Karls UniversityD-72076 TubingenGermany The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity and Department of Plant Pathology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Plants not only provide food and natural materials for humankind, but also constitute an indispensable part of the ecological system of this planet:without plants, life as we know it would simply not be possible. Through their lifespans,plants interact with a plethora of other organisms, including beneficial microbes and potential pathogens. Dissecting the underlying mechanisms determining the outcome of plant biotic interactions is a cornerstone for the design of rational management strategies to secure global food production and ecological balance.

关键词： corners planet rational

Understanding Farmers’ Preferences Towards Insurance Schemes that Promote Biosecurity Best Management Practices

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 705-715页

作者： rosa Mato-Amboage Julia Touza Mario Soliño Department of Environment and Geography University of YorkYork YO105NGUnited Kingdom York Environmental Sustainability Institute University of YorkYork YO105NGUnited Kingdom Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas CSIC36208 VigoSpain complutense Institute for International Studies(IcEI) Campus de Somosaguas28223 Pozuelo de AlarcónSpain

Plant pest and disease outbreaks,which occur with increasing frequency and intensity,cause catastrophic losses and threaten food security in many areas around the *** impacts are expected to be exacerbated by climate *** this challenge requires mechanisms that ensure the financial security of farmers while incentivizing private biosecurity efforts to prevent future *** study explored crop producers’ preferences for a subsidized insurance scheme as an instrument to manage novel biotic *** ally,we developed a choice experiment to evaluate Spanish growers’ willingness to pay for a crop insurance product that promotes compliance with best biosecurity management *** results show that while growers are willing to pay more for high coverage products that increase the resilience of crops to potential catastrophic outbreaks,there is neither a strong demand nor widespread availability of such *** required reductions in premiums before undertaking risk prevention measures;they are more willing to pay for schemes that link their eligibility to access to ad hoc funds in the eventuality of a catastrophic outbreak than they are to purchase *** findings also suggest that Spanish growers prefer expanding the eligible risks covered by insurance and envisage a role for insurance in offering biosecurity protection.

关键词： Biosecurity protection choice experiment crop insurance Pest risk Spain Subsidized insurance

Assessment of lead pollution in topsoils of a southern Italy area: Analysis of urban and peri-urban environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 179-187页

作者： Ilaria Guagliardi Domenico cicchella rosanna De rosa Gabriele Buttafuoco Department of Biology Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Calabria Department of Science and Technology University of Sannio National Research council of Italy Institute for Agricultural and Forest Systems in the Mediterranean (ISAFOM)

Exposure to lead（Pb） may affect adversely human health. Mapping soil Pb contents is essential to obtain a quantitative estimate of potential risk of Pb contamination. The main aim of this paper was to determine the soil Pb concentrations in the urban and peri-urban area of cosenza-Rende to map their spatial distribution and assess the probability that soil Pb concentration exceeds a critical threshold that might cause concern for human *** were collected at 149 locations from residual and non-residual topsoil in gardens,parks, flower-beds, and agricultural fields. Fine earth fraction of soil samples was analyzed by X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry. Stochastic images generated by the sequential Gaussian simulation were jointly combined to calculate the probability of exceeding the critical threshold that could be used to delineate the potentially risky areas. Results showed areas in which Pb concentration values were higher to the Italian regulatory values. These polluted areas were quite large and likely, they could create a significant health risk for human beings and vegetation in the near future. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach can be used to study soil contamination to produce geochemical maps,and identify hot-spot areas for soil Pb concentration.

关键词： Urban and peri-urban soils Geochemistry Lead Soil pollution Stochastic simulation

Effect of Microalloying,Principally With Vanadium,Processing conditions and Microstructure on Resistance to cO_2 corrosion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 183-191页

作者： Edmonds David cochrane Robert Grau rosa Institute for Materials Research University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK Mikalor BarcelonaSpain

One driver for steel development over recent decades has been the engineering requirements of improved strength and toughness,combined with weldability,for the safe and cost effective recovery and transmission of oil and *** has been achieved through refinement of grain size by microalloy precipitation and thermomechanical ***,little attention has been paid to these significant changes in steel chemistry and processing on corrosion resistance,despite the dominance of economic carbon steel for construction in the oil and gas *** more common forms of corrosion are associated with the presence of H 2 S or cO *** 2 in aqueous solution forms a weak acid sufficient to promote significant localized corrosion in transmission gas/oil pipelines and in well-head applications (’down-hole’).Systematic study has identified the influence of a wide range of alloying elements and different processing conditions on the resistance of low-carbon steels to cO 2 corrosion;strong carbide-forming microalloying elements such as Ti,Nb and V,along with cr additions,and different levels of Mn,Si,cu,Mo and Ni,have been explored,along with treatments simulating different processing *** present study also emphasizes the role of V and Ti microalloying in improving the resistance of cr-containing carbon steel to corrosion in carbonic acid and how this is influenced by microstructure and the metallurgical condition of the microalloying addition,in particular,the extent of *** is noted that some commercially available corrosion inhibitors contain V as a vanadate compound to interfere with the corrosion process and so it is suggested that V microalloying may also be beneficial if present in an appropriate form in the *** Ti also seems to play a role in corrosion in the steels studied is judged to be compatible with the thermodynamics of transition metal anions in the Ti-V-cr group.

关键词： microalloying vanadium processing corrosion carbonic acid