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Changes in Spatiotemporal land Use Patterns in Selected Hydrogeomorphic Areas of China and the USA

International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第3期4卷 537-548页

作者： Bin Quan Matt J.M.Romkens ronald l.bingner Henrique Momm Darlene Wilcox Hunan Province Engineering laboratory of Geospatial Information Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtanChina USDA/ARS National Sedimentation LaboratoryOxfordUSA Middle Tennessee State University MurfreesboroUSA

Differences exist in land use/cover pattern and its change between the P. R. China and the USA. In order to describe those differences, land use changes in representative regions were quantitatively analyzed and compared. Xiamen City, Changzhutan region and liupan Mountains regions were selected to represent three different hydrogeomorphic areas of eastern, central, and western China, respectively, while the Goodwin Creek Experimental Watershed (GCEW) located in the north-central part of Mississippi in the bluff hills just east of the Mississippi River floodplain was chosen in the USA. By integrating historical landsat TM imagery and geographical information system data, the spatiotemporal land use dynamics and conversion of land use in China and the USA between 1980 and 2010 were explored and compared. Results indicated an urban sprawl in eastern and central China, which encroached upon large amount of cropland, forest land and grassland. On the other hand, western China reclaimed cropland from grassland, forest land, which led to severe soil erosion between 1990 and 2000. Goodwin Creek Watershed of the USA converted 73.3% of the lost cropland into forest land, pasture and idle land, which accounted for about 90% in 2010. Further, counter-urbanization occurs in the GCEW due to favorable eco-environment for living. Compared with the land dynamic degree of the GCEW, eastern China is greater than it;western China is smaller than it while central China is almost equal to it. And the land use intensity index of GCEW is smaller than that of China all these years. Eastern China advocated ecological civilization in 2007 to meet the serious challenges of sustainable development. Western China started the Return of land from Farming to Forestry and Grassland Project in 2000. The Changzhutan region in central China is served as the resource-saving and environment-friendly community in 2007, which will be favorable for the sustainable land utilization and protection of ecology

关键词： land Use/land Cover Change Geographical Information System Remote Sensing China USA

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USDA-ARS National Sedimentation laboratory:A Historic Perspective

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第3期7卷 228-246页

作者： Robert R.Wells Sean J.Bennett ronald l.bingner Seth M.Dabney Eddy J.langendoen Henrigue G.Momm Mathias J.M.Romkens Glenn V.Wilson Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureOxfordUSA Department of Geography University at BuffaloBuffaloUSA Department of Geosciences Middle Tennessee State UniversityMurfreesboroUSA

Most authorities concede sediment from soil erosion to be the largest single stream pollutant. Physical damage from sediment includes reservoir storage loss, navigation channel filling, stream channel morphology alterations, ecological impacts, and clogging of drainage pathways. Ultimately, soil erosion is a very expensive problem. In the United States, accelerated soil erosion has been an ongoing issue since the establishment of the colonies. Through the initiative of great minds and the labor of countless individuals, the USDA was established and continues to fight for the people, providing assistance, guidance, and research. In this manuscript, the historical groundwork is laid for the establishment of the USDA-ARS National Sedimentation laboratory (NSl) and a synopsis of NSl research is provided. This brief perspective of soil erosion research conducted on behalf of the people is but a small portion of the illustrious history of the USDA.

关键词： Soil Erosion Sedimentation Ephemeral Gully Water Quality Modeling

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INTEGRATION OF THE MODElS OF ANNAGNPS AND REMM TO ASSESS RIPARIAN BUFFER SYSTEM FOR SEDIMENT REDUCTION

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2007年第1期22卷 60-69页

作者： ronald bingner Randall WIllIAMS Richard lOWRANCE David BOSCH Joe SHERIDAN Ph.D Agricultural Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Science -National Sedimentation Laboratory P.O. Box 1157 Oxford MS 38655 USA Agricultural Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Science -National Sedimentation Laboratory 2316 RAINWATER RD TIFTON GA 31793 Ph.D Ecologist USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2379 Rainwater Road Tifton Georgia 31793 USA Ph.D Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2316 RAINWATER RD Tifton Georgia 31793 Ph.D Research Hydraulic Engineer USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Southeast Watershed Research Laboratory P.O. Box 748 2316 RAINWATER RD Tifton Georgia 31793

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution model (AnnAGNPS) is used to help evaluate a watershed response to agricultural management practices to control water quality. However, AnnAGNPS version 3.5 does not contain features to estimate the effect of a riparian buffer (RB) system on water quality. The Riparian Ecosystem Management Model (REMM) is used to simulate the impact of riparian buffer systems on water quality. However, frequently the lack of measured upland loadings that are required by REMM simulation limits the application of REMM. To address this data gap, a study was conducted to integrate AnnAGNPS with REMM for RB system simulation. AnnAGNPS was used to simulate water and sediment loadings from an upland field into a three-zone RB system at the Gibbs Farm located in the Georgia coastal plain. These AnnAGNPS outputs were used as the inputs to REMM. REMM was used to simulate water and sediment movement along the riparian buffers. The AnnAGNPS simulated amount of annual runoff at the edge of the field was close to observed amounts (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.92). It is believed that a substantial portion of sand was removed from the runoff one meter into the grass buffer where the samplers were located; therefore, sand was excluded from the AnnAGNPS simulation for comparison with observed sediment. Excluding sand, the AnnAGNPS predicted amount of annual sediment matches the observed amount fairly well (Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.46). In addition, based on evaluating the percent reduction of sediment at each zonal interface, the AnnAGNPS/REMM model well simulated the function of the RB system to reduce sediment.

关键词： AnnAGNPS REMM Watershed modeling Riparian buffer systems Runoff Sediment simulation

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Dietary Diversity and Food Security Status among Cameroonian Adults living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food Security littoral West North West Cameroon

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Control of Plant Growth and Defense by Photoreceptors:From Mechanisms to Opportunities in Agriculture

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Molecular Plant 2021年第1期14卷 61-76页

作者： ronald Pierik Carlos l.Ballare Plant Ecophysiology Department of BiologyUtrecht UniversityPadualaan 8Utrecht 3584 CHthe Netherlands IFEVA Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y TecnicasUniversidad de Buenos AiresAve.San Martin 4453C1417DSEBuenos AiresArgentina IIBIO-INTECH Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y TecnicasUniversidad Nacional de San MartinB1650HMPBuenos AiresArgentina

Plants detect and respond to the proximity of competitors using light signals perceived by photoreceptor proteins.A low ratio of red to far-red radiation(R:FR ratio)is a key signal of competition that is sensed by the photoreceptor phytochrome B(phyB).low R:FR ratios increase the synthesis of growth-related hormones,including auxin and gibberellins,promoting stem elongation and other shade-avoidance *** photoreceptors that help plants to optimize their developmental configuration and resource allocation patterns in the canopy include blue light photoreceptors,such as cryptochromes and phototropins,and UV receptors,such as *** photoreceptors act by directly or indirectly controlling the activity of two major regulatory nodes for growth and development:the COP1/SPA ubiquitin E3 ligase complex and the PIF transcription *** is also an important modulator of hormonal pathways that regulate plant defense against herbivores and pathogens,including the jasmonic acid signaling pathway,In this Perspective,we discuss recent advances on the studies of the mechanisms that link photoreceptors with growth and *** these mechanisms is important to provide a functional platform for breeding programs aimed at improving plant productivity,stress tolerance,and crop health in species of agronomic interest,and to manipulate the light environments in protected agriculture.

关键词： photoreceptor phytochrome jasmonate growth-defense trade-off shade avoidance immunity

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Effect of Terrestrial liDAR Point Sampling Density in Ephemeral Gully Characterization

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2013年第1期3卷 38-49页

作者： Henrique G. Momm ronald l. bingner Robert R. Wells Seth M. Dabney lyle D. Frees Department of Geosciences Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro USA National Sedimentation laboratory United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service Oxford USA United States Department of Agriculture—Natural Resources Conservation Service Salina USA

Gully erosion can account for significant volumes of sediment exiting agricultural landscapes, but is difficult to monitor and quantify its evolution with traditional surveying technology. Scientific investigations of gullies depend on accurate and detailed topographic information to understand and evaluate the complex interactions between field topography and gully evolution. Detailed terrain representations can be produced by new technologies such as terrestrial liDAR systems. These systems are capable of collecting information with a wide range of ground point sampling densities as a result of operator controlled factors. Increasing point density results in richer datasets at a cost of increased time needed to complete field surveys. In large research watersheds, with hundreds of sites being monitored, data collection can become costly and time consuming. In this study, the effect of point sampling density on the capability to collect topographic information was investigated at individual gully scale. This was performed through the utilization of semi-variograms to produce overall guiding principles for multi-temporal gully surveys based on various levels of laser sampling points and relief variation (low, moderate, and high). Results indicated the existence of a point sampling density threshold that produces little or no additional topographic information when exceeded. A reduced dataset was created using the density thresholds and compared to the original dataset with no major discrepancy. Although variations in relief and soil roughness can lead to different point sampling density requirements, the outcome of this study serves as practical guidance for future field surveys of gully evolution and erosion.

关键词： Ephemeral Gully Ground-Based liDAR Soil Erosion Point Sampling Density Remote Sensing

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The myriad essential roles of microRNAs in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease

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Genes & Diseases 2014年第1期1卷 18-39页

作者： ronald l.Neppl Da-Zhi Wang Boston Children’s Hospital Department of CardiologyBostonMA 02115USA Harvard Medical School Department of PediatricsBostonMA 02115USA

According to the World Health Organization,cardiovascular disease accounts for approximately 30%of all deaths in the United States,and is the worldwide leading cause of morbidity and *** the last several years,microRNAs have emerged as critical regulators of physiological homeostasis in multiple organ systems,including the cardiovascular *** focus of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the molecular mechanisms contributing to the multiple causes of cardiovascular disease with respect to regulation by microRNAs.A major challenge in understanding the roles of microRNAs in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease is that cardiovascular disease may arise from perturbations in intracellular signaling in multiple cell types including vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells,cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts,as well as hepatocytes,pancreatic b-cells,and ***,perturbations in intracellular signaling cascades may also have profound effects on heterocellular communication via secreted cytokines and growth *** has been much progress in recent years to identify the microRNAs that are both dysregulated under pathological conditions,as well as the signaling pathway(s)regulated by an individual *** goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the mechanisms whereby microRNAs maintain cardiovascular homeostasis and to attempt to identify some key unresolved questions that require further study.

关键词： Cardiovascular Cardiac microRNA miRNA Molecular biology Physiology RNAi

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Building Expertise on FAIR Through Evolving Bring Your Own Data(BYOD) Workshops: Describing the Data, Software, and Management-focused Approaches and Their Evolution

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Data Intelligence 2024年第2期6卷 429-456页

作者： César H.Bernabé lieze Thielemans Rajaram Kaliyaperumal Claudio Carta Shuxin Zhang Celia W.G.van Gelder Nirupama Benis luiz Olavo Bonino da Silva Santos ronald Cornet Bruna dos Santos Vieira Nawel lalout Ines Henriques Alberto Camara Ballesteros Kees Burger Martijn G.Kersloot Friederike Ehrhart Esther van Enckevort Chris T.Evelo Alasdair J.G.Gray Marc Hanauer Kristina Hettne Joep de ligt Arnaldo Pereira Nuria Queralt-Rosinach Erik Schultes Domenica Taruscio Andra Waagmeester Mark D.Wilkinson Egon l.Willighagen Mascha Jansen Barend Mons Marco Roos Annika Jacobsen Biosemantics Group Department of Human GeneticsLeiden University Medical CentreLeidenThe Netherlands NIHR Academic Fellow in General Practice University College London and The Royal Free NHS Foundation Trust National Centre for Rare Diseases Istituto Superiore di SanitaRomeItaly Department of Medical Informatics Amsterdam UMC location University of AmsterdamMeibergdreef 9AmsterdamThe Netherlands Amsterdam Public Health Methodology&Digital HealthAmsterdamThe Netherlands Health-Rl UtrechtThe Netherlands Semantics Services and Cybersecurity groupUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Department of Medical Imaging Radboud Institute for Health SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Medical BioSciences Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands The Duchenne Parent Project VeneendaalThe Netherlands Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieria AgronomicaAlimentaria y de BiosistemasCentro de Biotecnologia y Genomica de PlantasUniversidad Politecnica de Madrid(UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Tecnologia Agraria y Alimentaria-CSIC(INIA-CSIC).Campus MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcon(Madrid)Spain Castor AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands University Medical Center Groningen University of GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology(MaCSBio) Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtThe Netherlands Department of Computer Science Heriot-Watt UniversityEdinburghUK INSERM US14-OrphanetPlateforme Maladies RaresParisFrance Centre for Digital Scholarship Leiden University LibrariesThe Netherlands Center for Molecular Medicine Cancer Genomics NetherlandsDepartment of GeneticsUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUniversity UtrechtThe Netherlands University of Aveiro DETI/IEETAAveiroPortugal GO FAIR Foundation LeidenThe Netherlands The leiden Academic Center for Drug Research LeidenThe Netherlands Micel

Since 2014,"Bring Your Own Data"workshops(BYODs)have been organised to inform people about the process and benefits of making resources Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,and Reusable(FAIR,and the FAIRification process).The BYOD workshops'content and format differ depending on their goal,context,and the background and needs of ***-focused BYODs educate domain experts on how to make their data FAIR to find new answers to research ***-focused BYODs promote the benefits of making data FAIR and instruct project managers and policy-makers on the characteristics of FAIRification ***-focused BYODs gather software developers and experts on FAIR to implement or improve software resources that are used to support ***,these BYODs intend to foster collaboration between different types of stakeholders involved in data management,curation,and reuse(*** experts,trainers,developers,data owners,data analysts,FAIR experts).The BYODs also serve as an opportunity to learn what kind of support for FAIRification is needed from different communities and to develop teaching materials based on practical examples and *** this paper,we detail the three different structures of the BYODs and describe examples of early BYODs related to plant breeding data,and rare disease registries and biobanks,which have shaped the structure of the *** discuss the latest insights into making BYODs more productive by leveraging our almost ten years of training experience in these workshops,including successes and encountered ***,we examine how the participants'feedback has motivated the research on FAIR,including the development of workflows and software.

关键词： FAIR FAIRification FAIR expertise Bring Your Own Data Workshop BYOD

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Environment-dependent attack rates of cryptic and aposematic butterflies

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Current Zoology 2018年第5期64卷 663-669页

作者： Brett M. SEYMOURE Andrew RAYMUNDO Kevin J. MCGRAW W. OWEN MCMIllAN ronald l, RUTOWSKI Department of Biology Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA School of life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City Panama

Many organisms have evolved adaptive coloration that reduces their risk of predation. Cryptic colo- ration reduces the likelihood of detection/recognition by potential predators, while warning or aposematic coloration advertises unprofitability and thereby reduces the likelihood of attack. Although some studies show that aposematic coloration functions better at decreasing attack rate than crypsis, recent work has suggested and demonstrated that crypsis and aposematism are both successful strategies for avoiding predation. Furthermore, the visual environment （e.g., ambient lighting, background） affects the ability for predators to detect prey. We investigated these 2 related hypoth- eses using 2 well-known visually aposematic species of Heliconius butterflies, which occupy differ- ent habitats （open-canopy vs. closed-canopy）, and one palatable, cryptic, generalist species Junonia coenia. We tested if the differently colored butterflies differ in attack rates by placing plasti- cine models of each of the 3 species in 2 different tropical habitats where the butterflies naturally occur： disturbed, open-canopy habitat and forested, closed-canopy habitat. The cryptic model had fewer attacks than one of the aposematic models. Predation rates differed between the 2 habitats, with the open habitat having much higher predation. However, we did not find an interaction between species and habitat type, which is perplexing due to the different aposematic phenotypes naturally occurring in different habitats. Our findings suggest that during the Panamanian dry sea- son avian predation on perched butterflies is not a leading cause in habitat segregation between the 2 aposematic species and demonstrate that cryptically colored animals at rest may be better than aposematic prey at avoiding avian attacks in certain environments.

关键词： avian attacks camouflage Heliconius Junonia light environment plasticine models predation warning coloration.

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Dangerous dietary supplements: Garcinia cambogia-associated hepatic failure requiring transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第45期22卷 10071-10076页

作者： Keri E lunsford Adam S Bodzin Diego C Reino Hanlin l Wang ronald W Busuttil The Pfleger liver Institute The Dumont-UCLA Liver Transplant Center Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation Department of Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA University of California Los Angeles J.C Walter Jr. Center for Transplantation Sherrie and Alan Conover Center for Liver Disease and Transplantation Center for Transplantation Immunobiology Houston Methodist Hospital and Research Institute Department of Pathology and laboratory Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA University of California Los Angeles

Commercial dietary supplements are marketed as a panacea for the morbidly obese seeking sustainable weight-loss. Unfortunately, many claims cited by supplements are unsupported and inadequately regulated. Most concerning, how ever, are the associated harmful side effects, often unrecognized by consumers. Garcinia cambogia extract and Garcinia cambogia containing products are some of the most popular dietary supplements currently marketed for weight loss. Here, we report the first known case of fulminant hepatic failure associated with this dietary supplement. One active ingredient in this supplement is hydroxycitric acid, an active ingredient also found in weight-loss supplements banned by the Food and Drug Administration in 2009 for hepatotoxicity. Heightened awareness of the dangers of dietary supplements such as Garcinia cambogia is imperative to prevent hepatoxicity and potential fulminant hepatic failure in additional patients.

关键词： Dietary supplements Fulminant hepatic failure Drug-induced liver injury liver transplantation Hyroxycitric acid Weight-loss supplements

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