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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第17期13卷 2397-2403页

作者： rona l levy Shelby l langer William E Whitehead School of Social Work University of WashingtonUnited States Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders University-of-North-Carolina-at-Chapel-Hill-United-State

This paper reviews empirical work on cognitive and social learning contributions to the etiology and treatment of illness behavior associated with functional abdominal pain and inflammatory bowel disease. A particular emphasis is placed on randomized controlled trials, the majority of which are multi-modal in orientation, incorporating elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, social learning, and relaxation. Based on this review, we offer methodological and clinical suggestions: (1) Research investigations should include adequate sample sizes, long-term follow-up assessments, and a credible, active control group. (2) Standard gastrointestinal practice should include, when appropriate, learning opportunities for patients and family members, for example, instruction regarding the encouragement of wellness behavior.

关键词： Functional abdominal pain Cognitivebehavioral therapy Social learning Irritable bowelsyndrome Inflammatory bowel disease Illness behavior

Psychosocial mechanisms for the transmission of somatic symptoms from parents to children

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第18期21卷 5532-5541页

作者： Miranda Al van Tilburg rona l levy lynn S Walker Michael Von Korff lauren D Feld Michelle Garner Andrew D Feld William E Whitehead Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders University of North Carolina School of Social Work University of Washington Department of Pediatrics Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville TN 37201 United States Group Health Research Institute Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of Social Work University of Washington Tacoma Group Health Cooperative

AIM: To examine familial aggregation of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) via parental reinforcement/modeling of symptoms, coping, psychological distress, and exposure to ***:Mothers of children between the ages of8 and 15 years with and without IBS were identified through the Group Health Cooperative of Puget *** completed questionnaires,including the Child Behavior Checklist(child psychological distress),the Family Inventory of life Events(family exposure to stress),SCl-90R(mother psychological distress),and the Pain Response Inventory(beliefs about pain).Children were interviewed separately from their parents and completed the Pain Beliefs Questionnaire(beliefs about pain),Pain Response Inventory(coping)and Child Symptom Checklist[gastrointestinal(GI)symptoms].In addition,health care utilization data was obtained from the automated database of Group Health *** with IBS(n=207)and their 296 children were compared to 240 control mothers and their 335 children,while controlling for age and ***:Hypothesis 1:reinforcement of expression of GI problems is only related to GI symptoms,but not others(cold symptoms)in *** was no significant correlation between parental reinforcement of symptoms and child expression of GI or other *** 2:modeling of GI symptomsis related to GI but not non-GI symptom reporting in *** of parents with IBS reported more non-GI(8.97 vs 6.70,Pll as more GI(3.24 vs 2.27,Plth care visits made by the mother correlated with visits made by the child(rho=0.35,Pls).Hypothesis 3:children learn to share the methods of coping with illness that their mothers *** used by children to cope with stomachaches differed from methods used by their *** 2/16 scales showed weak but significant correlations(stoicism rho=0.13,P<0.05;acceptance rho=0.13,P<0.05).Hypothesis 4:mothers and chi

关键词： Abdominal pain Coping Illness behaviors Psychological distress Social learning Stress

A CASE FOR SUSTAINABlE SECURITY SYSTEMS ENGINEERING:INTEGRATING NATIONAl,HUMAN,ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAl SECURITY

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第4期18卷 385-402页

作者： Jason K. levy l. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

In the wake of the September 11,2001 terrorist attacks, there is a growing sense of insecurity felt by many citizens around the world. Sustainable security, with roots in the sustainable development and human security literature, seeks positive transformations for the co-evolving and mutually dependent human-environmental condition by integrating （and subsuming） national, human, environmental, and energy security concems and capitalizing on opportunities provided by human creativity, diplomatic openings, modernization and environmental change. The field of Sustainable Security Systems Engineering is proposed for protecting, restoring, designing, and implementing a set of integrated natural and man-made processes that equitably and responsibly meet the biophysical needs of human communities, while maintaining long-term security, respecting financial constraints, meeting ecological limits, and improving institutional arrangements for transparent and effective governance. Scenario planning is shown to help promote sustainable security by identifying the preconditions of instability and helping to proactively address them in an increasingly complex and uncertain world. The six papers published in this featured collection cross policy domains, geographic, political, and sectoral boundaries and were discussed at forums sponsored by the Systems Engineering and Global Policy group. Collectively, they demonstrate the quality, breadth and depth of systems engineering methodologies that are used to promote sustainable security.

关键词： Sustainable security systems engineering national security human security environment and energy scenario planning

The Impact of Agricultural Practices in China on land-Atmosphere Interactions

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第4期28卷 821-831页

作者：徐兴奎 Jason K.levy State Key laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Science l.Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond

Human-induced land use changes and the resulting alterations in vegetation features are major but poorly recognized drivers of regional climatic *** order to investigate the impacts of anthropogenically-induced seasonal vegetation cover changes on regional climate in China,harmonic analysis is applied to 1982-2000 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration（NOAA） Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer（AVVHRR）-derived normalized difference vegetation index（NDVI） time series（ten day interval data）.For two climatic divisions of South China,it is shown that the first harmonic term is in phase with air temperature,while the second and third harmonics are in phase with agricultural *** Penman-Monteith Equation and the Complementary Relationship Areal Evapotranspiration（CRAE） model suggest that monthly mean evapotranspiration is out of phase with temperature and precipitation in regions with signiffcant second or third ***,seasonal vegetation cover changes associated with agricultural cultivation are identiffed：for cropped areas,the temperature and precipitation time series have a single maximum value,while the monthly evapotranspiration time series has a bimodal *** is hypothesized that multi-cropping causes the land surface albedo to sharply increase during harvesting,thereby altering the energy distribution ratio and contributing to observed seasonal vegetation cover changes.

关键词： NDVI land surface cover phenologies multi-crop latent heat discrete Fourier transform

GEOSENSING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING FOR OCEAN SECURITY AND SUSTAINABlE COASTAl ZONE MANAGEMENT

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第1期19卷 22-35页

作者： Hamid ASSIlZADEH Jason K. levy Xin WANG Yang GAO Zhinong ZHONG Department of Geomaties Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada l. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University Department of Geomatics Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada School of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

Three major threats to ocean security and coastal zone sustainability - global warming, the loss of ocean biodiversity, and pollution - are combining to threaten the ecological integrity of our marine environment and life support systems. We put forward a geomatics-based systems engineering architecture to identify the location and extent of oil spills, thereby improving the ecological integrity of the world＇s oceans and helping contingency planners to determine required assets, personnel and other resources. This real-time, event-based and cost effective emergency management decision support system can aid in the classification, detection, and monitoring of oil spills in the marine environment. The developed Synthetic-Aperture Radar （SAR） processing and calibration techniques efficiently monitor environmental changes in inaccessible ocean regions, characterize oil spill scenarios, and help to identify spill sources. The system is used to improve emergency management in the Gulf of Mexico, with application to oil spills arising from Hurricane Katrina.

关键词： Ocean security geosensing systems engineering coastal zone management SAR

The spatio-temporal distribution of thermodynamic forces at the land-atmosphere interface in China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第11期53卷 42-53页

作者： levy Jason K. l. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University

Correlation analysis and the complementary relationship model are used to indirectly measure and characterize the dynamic and thermodynamic properties at the land-atmosphere interface in *** show that thermodynamic forces driving the exchange fluxes of energy,water and carbon between the land surface and the overlying atmosphere are significantly enhanced along the mid-upper reaches of the Yangtze River basin around Sichuan Basin and the northern region of *** thermodynamic forces exhibit a decreasing trend in southern Xinjiang and some regions of *** cloud cover was shown to be a significant factor leading to changes in thermodynamic properties at the land-atmosphere *** Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) and storm data provide strong evidence that a changing synoptic system is likely a principle factor causing the abnormal spatiotemporal distribution of thermodynamic forces over the land surface in *** data also suggests that cyclical and quasi-cyclical fluctuations of low cloud cover in most regions of China are responsible for annual rainfall *** the same time,NOAA-AVHRR satellite remote sensing data illustrates that changes to land surface characteristics may cause atypical spatiotemporal distributions of thermodynamic forces over the land *** show that thermodynamic forces are weakening in regions with increasing ***,where urbanization has decreased the quantity of vegetation,thermodynamic forces are ***,an increase in large-scale thermodynamic forces is associated with a reduction in low cloud cover due to changes in the synoptic system.

关键词： thermodynamic forces Western Pacific Subtropical High low cloud cover remotely sensed data

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Pneumo-CT assessing response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer: Imaging-pathological correlation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2013年第12期5卷 222-229页

作者： Marina Ulla Ernestina Gentile Ezequiel levy Yeyati Maria l Diez Demetrio Cavadas Ricardo D Garcia-Monaco Pablo R Ros Department of Radiology Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires

Pneumo-computed tomography (PnCT) is a technique primarily developed and used to study stenotic lesions of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction and stom-ach for pre-surgical planning. It helps to define both upper and lower borders of neoplasms located in the aforementioned areas. It achieves maximum lumen distension with CO2 highlighting thickened areas of the esophageal wall, thus allowing an accurate quantifica-tion of their extents. Although there are other alterna-tives for distension (oral contrast agents, water and ef-fervescent granules), they may be suboptimal. Patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer have a dismal prognosis despite surgical resection. Therefore, neo-adjuvant treatment strategies using radiation therapy and chemotherapy were developed to improve sur-vival. Neoadjuvant therapy improves esophageal tumor prognosis in a substantial proportion of patients, and the use of imaging techniques is mandatory to detect their response. PnCT combined with virtual endoscopy and multiplanar reconstruction enhances morphologic details in esophageal cancer, and thus would allow animproved assessment of response to neoadjuvant treat-ment. Therefore, more information could be provided to assess the efficacy of pre-surgical treatment. We de-scribe the potential use of PnCT to assess the response to neoadjuvant therapy in esophageal cancer with an imaging pathologic correlation.

关键词： Esophagus Cancer 64-multidetector com-puted tomography Neoadjuvant treatment Assess-ment response

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques for energy and powersystems: Review, challenges and opportunities

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 193-205页

作者： R.Machlev l.Heistrene M.Perl K.Y.levy J.Belikov S.Mannor Y.levron The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical&Computer Engineering Technion—Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel Department of Software Science Tallinn University of TechnologyAkadeemia tee 15a12618 TallinnEstonia School of Technology Pandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagar 382007GujaratIndia

Despite widespread adoption and outstanding performance, machine learning models are considered as ‘‘blackboxes’’, since it is very difficult to understand how such models operate in practice. Therefore, in the powersystems field, which requires a high level of accountability, it is hard for experts to trust and justify decisionsand recommendations made by these models. Meanwhile, in the last couple of years, Explainable ArtificialIntelligence (XAI) techniques have been developed to improve the explainability of machine learning models,such that their output can be better understood. In this light, it is the purpose of this paper to highlight thepotential of using XAI for power system applications. We first present the common challenges of using XAI insuch applications and then review and analyze the recent works on this topic, and the on-going trends in theresearch community. We hope that this paper will trigger fruitful discussions and encourage further researchon this important emerging topic.

关键词： Power Energy Neural network Deep-learning Explainable artificial intelligence XAI

中国区域蒸发潜力不均性发展趋势及其气候成因分析

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地球物理学报 2011年第3期54卷 634-642页

作者：徐兴奎 levy Jason K 中国科学院大气物理研究所国际气候与环境科学中心北京100029 l. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University 923 W. Franklin St. Richmond VA 23284 United States of America

气象台站20 cm蒸发皿观测资料自然正交分解显示,1980～2000年中国区域气温显著增加期间,长江中游至河套、东北等区域地表年蒸发潜力呈增加趋势;相反在长江以南、东部和西南等地区年蒸发潜力呈下降趋势.辐射观测资料分析结果表明,自20世... 详细信息

气象台站20 cm蒸发皿观测资料自然正交分解显示,1980～2000年中国区域气温显著增加期间,长江中游至河套、东北等区域地表年蒸发潜力呈增加趋势;相反在长江以南、东部和西南等地区年蒸发潜力呈下降趋势.辐射观测资料分析结果表明,自20世纪70年代中国区域太阳入射能整体呈下降趋势,因此对于蒸发潜力增加的地区,太阳辐射产生的热力作用并不是决定蒸发潜力发展趋势的唯一原因.通过对大气风动力和干燥力等因子的分析证实,大气动力作用是造成中国区域地表蒸发潜力空间不均性分布的主要原因.同时1980～2000年NOAAAVHRR遥感数据分析结果也表明,地表覆盖类型的变换以及植被覆盖率的下降,引发的地表热力作用和地表物理性质变化,是造成蒸发潜力空间分布不均性加大的另一项重要原因.

关键词：蒸发潜力热力作用动力作用归一化植被指数

Development of an operational land water mask for MODIS Collection 6,and influence on downstream data products

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第2期10卷 207-218页

作者： M.l.Carroll C.M.DiMiceli J.R.G.Townshend R.A.Sohlberg A.I.Elders S.Devadiga A.M.Sayer R.C.levy NASA/GSFC Biospheric Sciences laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA Science Systems and Applications Inc. LanhamMDUSA Department of Geographical Sciences University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Atmospheric Oceanic and Earth SciencesGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA NASA/GSFC Terrestrial Information Systems laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA fGoddard Earth Sciences Technology and Research Universities Space Research AssociationGreenbeltMDUSA NASA/GSFC Climate and Radiation laboratory GreenbeltMDUSA

Data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer(MODIS)on-board the Earth Observing System Terra and Aqua satellites are processed using a land water mask to determine when an algorithm no longer needs to be run or when an algorithm needs to follow a different *** the fourth reprocessing(Collection 6(C6))the MODIS team replaced the 1 km water mask with a 500 m water mask for improved representation of the continental *** new water mask represents more small water bodies for an overall increase in water surface from 1%to 2%of the continental *** this is still a small fraction of the overall global surface area the increase is more dramatic in certain areas such as the Arctic and Boreal regions where there are dramatic increases in water surface area in the new *** products generated by the on-going C6 reprocessing using the new land water mask show significant impact in areas with high concentrations of change in the land water *** differences between the Collection 5(C5)and C6 water masks and the impact of these differences on the MOD04 aerosol product and the MOD11 land surface temperature product are shown.

关键词： Earth observation image processing land cover remote sensing water resources