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Problematics of neurosurgical service during the COVID-19 pandemic in Slovenia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第34期10卷 12462-12469页

作者： Matic Munda roman bosnjak Tomaz Velnar Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Alma Mater Europaea AMEU-ECMMaribor 2000Slovenia

The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an ongoing disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 that still poses an important and urgent threat to global *** Slovenia,the epidemic was declared on March 12th,2020,and since then COVID-19 has had a great impact on our health *** field of neurosurgery in particular has been experiencing difficulties in both elective and emergency *** this article,we described epidemiologic protocols and the effect that the COVID-19 pandemic had on the surgical practice and workflow of the Department of Neurosurgery at the University Medical Centre *** analyzed and compared the number of elective and emergency neurosurgical procedures in a 2-year period before and during the *** recorded a drop in cases mostly on account of elective procedures whilst emergency service remained relatively unaffected.

关键词： Neurosurgery COVID-19 Pandemic Epidemic measures Slovenia Ljubljana

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy in obstructive hydrocephalus: A case report and analysis of operative technique

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第14期8卷 3039-3049页

作者： Matic Munda Peter Spazzapan roman bosnjak Tomaz Velnar Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia AMEU-ECM Maribor Ljubljana 1000Slovenia

BACKGROUND The endoscopic third ventriculostomy(ETV)is a neuroendoscopical procedure that represents a more suitable alternative to the extracranial *** consists of fenestrating the floor of the third ventricle and thus establishing a free flow of the cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles to the site of resorption in the subarachnoid *** offers a more physiological solution and a chance at a shunt-free life for children with *** main indication for the procedure is obstructive hydrocephalus,however,it can also be useful in patients with other forms of *** SUMMARY We present a treatment flow of a 9-year-old patient,diagnosed with an obstructive hydrocephalus due to tectal glioma that was successfully treated with an *** review the important factors influencing the success rate such as age,aetiology,shunt history,preoperative planning and visualisation of the basilar *** Even though the ETV effectively controls obstructive hydrocephalus in more than 75%of all cases,the overall success rate of the procedure varies and could be approved by the correct preoperative patient selection.

关键词： Endoscopic third ventriculostomy Neuroendoscopy Hydrocephalus Case report

Clinical infections in neurosurgical oncology:An overview

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第15期11卷 3418-3433页

作者： Tomaz Velnar Nina Kocivnik roman bosnjak Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Alma Mater Europaea-ECM Maribor Maribor 2000Slovenia Faculty of Pharmacy University of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

Central nervous system(CNS)infections are urgent conditions with high morbidity and ***,viruses,parasites or fungi can cause *** infections after craniotomies are an important complication of treatment,especially in oncological patients that are already immunologically compromised due to the disease and *** consequence of CNS infections in oncological patients includes longer treatment with antibiotics,additional surgical procedures,higher treatment costs and poorer treatment ***,the management of primary pathology may be prolonged or postponed as a result of the active *** introducing new and improved protocols,tightening controls on their implementation,constantly educating the entire team involved in patient treatment and educating both patients and relatives,the incidence of infections can be reduced effectively.

关键词： Infection Central nervous system Neurosurgery Oncology

Chiari malformations in children:An overview

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第4期9卷 764-773页

作者： Peter Spazzapan roman bosnjak Borut Prestor Tomaz Velnar Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

Chiari malformations encompass various radiological and clinical entities,sharing the herniation of the rhombencephalic structures through the foramen magnum as a common *** can be symptomatic or *** therapeutic strategies for these malformations differ on the basis of the diverse pathophysiologic processes that cause *** Chiari malformations are caused by various pathophysiologic processes,they must be recognized promptly to select the best treatment for each single case.

关键词： Chiari malformation Hydrocephalus Intracranial pressure Craniocervical junction Foramen magnum Treatment

Selective dorsal rhizotomy in cerebral palsy spasticity-a newly established operative technique in Slovenia: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第10期7卷 1133-1141页

作者： Tomaz Velnar Peter Spazzapan Zoran Rodi Natasa Kos roman bosnjak Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia AMEU-ECM Maribor Ljubljana 1000Slovenia Department of Neurophysiology University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Medical Rehabilitation Unit University Medical Centre LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

BACKGROUND Spasticity affects a large number of children,mainly in the setting of cerebral palsy,however,only a few paediatric neurosurgeons deal with this *** is mainly due to the fact that until 1979,when Fasano has published the first series of selective dorsal rhizotomy(SDR),neurosurgeons were able to provide such children only a modest *** therapy of spasticity has made a great progress since ***,peroral drugs,intramuscular and intrathecal medicines are available,that may limit the effects of the *** addition,surgical treatment is gaining importance,appearing in the form of deep brain stimulation,peripheral nerve procedures and *** these options offer the affected children good opportunities of improving the quality of *** SUMMARY A 15-year old boy is presented that was surgically treated for spasticity as a result of cerebral *** at L1 level was performed and L1 to S1 nerve roots were isolated and divided in smaller ***,the SDR was *** We describe a patient report and surgical technique of SDR that was performed in Slovenia for the first time.

关键词： Cerebral palsy Spasticity Selective dorsal rhizotomy Operation Case report

Radiosurgical techniques for the treatment of brain neoplasms:A short review

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World Journal of Methodology 2018年第4期8卷 51-58页

作者： Tomaz Velnar roman bosnjak Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Ljubljana

Radiotherapy has long been used as an adjunct to neurosurgery for the treatment of malignant and benign intracranial tumors and other intracranial *** tumors can be irradiated in three different ways:Ⅰ) fractional radiotherapy, Ⅱ) stereotactic radiotherapy and Ⅲ) stereotactic radiosurgery. The third is most often by means of a gamma knife or a specially designed linear accelerator. Additionally, radiosurgery is increasingly used in combination with systemic therapy to treat metastases.

关键词： Neurosurgical techniques Radiotherapy Stereotaxy Gamma knife Linear accelerator

Importance of the telemedicine network for neurosurgery in Slovenia

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World Journal of Methodology 2019年第1期9卷 20-25页

作者： Tomaz Velnar Tilen Zele roman bosnjak Department of Neurosurgery University Medical Centre Ljubljana AMEU-ECM

The number of invasive procedures in medicine is increasing,as is the employment of new technological *** the era of informationcommunication technology,one such achievement is also the telemedicine *** Slovenia,it is known as the Telekap(TeleStroke) network,which was primarily designed for fast and efficient management of stroke *** the neurosurgical community,the system is frequently used also for conveying vital information regarding subarachnoid haemorrhage and *** in neurosurgical emergencies,this communication system offers thorough information about the extent and location of bleeding and facilitates the preoperative planning of neurosurgical *** our experience so far,the system should be expanded to other neuro-centres as well to all neurosurgery departments in order to facilitate patient management,their acute hospital care,and inter-speciality collaboration.

关键词： Telemedicine Neurosurgery Neurosurgical planning Neuroimaging Slovenia

Differential retention of lymph-borne CD8 memory T cell subsets in the subcapsular sinus of resting and inflamed lymph nodes

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1317-1319页

作者： Ginka Nikolova Siegfried Weiss Berislav bosnjak Reinhold Förster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical School30625HannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical School30625HannoverGermany

Immunological memory represents the ability of specific immune cells to recall an encounter with a cognate *** results in an immediate response upon a second exposure to the same infectious ***,conventional memory T cells are generated after encountering specific foreign *** contrast,a group of innate memory T cells develops without initial exposure to foreign antigen that specifically binds to a cognate T cell receptor.1 These naturally occurring memory-like T cells,also known as“virtual”memory T cells,are generated under steady-state *** accumulate during aging in both humans and mice.2 By comparing the TCR repertoire of young and old mice,an early study identified age-dependent clonal expansion and age-related changes in CD8^(+) but not CD4^(+) T cells.3 Interestingly,more than 50%of CD62L^(hi)CD44^(hi) central memory T cells in the peripheral blood of aged naive mice have been suggested to represent virtual memory T cells based on their lower expression levels of CD49d.4 Infection studies in mice employing Listeria monocytogenes showed that both virtual memory T cells and conventional antigen-specific memory T cells were able to provide protection.5 However,in contrast to virtual memory T cells,conventional memory T cells produced fivefold higher levels of IFN-γupon short-term in vitro TCR stimulation.

关键词： lymph retention exposure

Estimation of Travel Times on Signalized Arterials

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2013年第9期7卷 1141-1149页

作者： Ivana Cavar Zvonko Kavran Rino bosnjak Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences University of Zagreb Zagreb HR-I O000 Croatia Faculty of Maritime Studies University of Split Split HR-21000 Croatia

This paper describes procedure for estimation of travel time on signalized arterial roads based on multiple data sources with application of dimensionality reduction. Travel time estimation approach incorporates forecast of transportation nodes impendence and travel time on network links. Forecasting period is two hours and the estimation is based on historical data and real time data on traffic conditions. Travel time estimation combines multivariate regression, principal component analysis, KNN （k-nearest neighbours）, cross validation and EWMA （exponentially weighted moving average） methods. When comparing estimation methodologies, relevantly better results were achieved by KNN method than with EWMA method. This is true for every time interval considered except for evening time interval when signalized arterial roads were uncongested.

关键词： Intelligent transportation systems travel time estimation signalised arterial roads exponentially weighted movingaverage k-nearest neighbours.