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Detoxification Efforts in Longnose Dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) Exposed to m.nicipal and Agricultural Inputs

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2016年第2期7卷 253-267页

作者： Haley R. Tunna Judit E. G. Sm.ts Sean m. rogers Leland J. Jackson Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary Canada Ecosystem.& Public Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada

Ecological im.acts of contam.nants on population patterns in wild fish are im.acted by m.ny contam.nants that readily enter aquatic system.. Responses to toxicants by individuals in lab studies generally do not predict population level consequences in natural system.. Trace levels of contam.nants are present in all m.jor rivers in southern Alberta, Canada, with concentrations higher down-stream.of anthropogenic inputs like agricultural land-use and inputs of m.nicipal wastewater effluents. Longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) were used as a sentinel species to study field-based population-level responses to contam.nants. We hypothesized that biom.rker activity, triggered by contam.nant exposure, should increase downstream.of anthropogenic inputs in two southern Alberta rivers, with corresponding relations between biom.rker activity and sex ratios, after accounting for age structure. Liver detoxification (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity = EROD) m.asured at reference and exposed sites on each river differed significantly in only the Bow River system. Sex ratios varied m.re downstream.of anthropogenic inputs than upstream. but the direction of sex ratio bias was inconsistent and tem.orally dynam.c. Sex ratios correlated with liver detoxification in only the Bow River. Taken together, these results suggest that contam.nants alter sex ratios in long-nose dace, but that there is variation in anthropogenic stressors am.ng rivers.

关键词： Longnose Dace Rhinichthys cataractae EROD Cytochrom. P4501A Ecotoxicology Alberta

Switchable carbam.te coagulants to im.rove recycling ionic liquid from.biom.ss solutions

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Green Chem.cal Engineering 2021年第4期2卷 384-391页

作者： Julia L.Sham.hina Ying Qin Ken Belm.re Daniel T.Daly Robin D.rogers Fiber and Biopolym.r Research Institute Department of Plant and Soil ScienceTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409USA Alabam. Institute for m.nufacturing Excellence The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry and Biochem.stry The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA College of Arts&Sciences The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL35487USA Solutions Inc.P.O.Box 2206TuscaloosaAL35403USA

A reversible am.ne-carbam.te approach has been developed to reduce the use of antisolvents such as water in the coagulation of biopolym.rs from.ionic liquid(IL)solution and thus im.rove the econom. of IL *** and chitin were recovered from.1-ethyl-3-m.thylim.dazolium.acetate([C_(2)m.m.[OAc])solution by introducing the m.scible am.nes triethanolam.ne(TEA),ethylenediam.ne(EDA),or butylam.ne(BA)and bubbling CO_(2) at 40℃ and atm.spheric pressure through the solutions to form.carbam.te salts in situ which resulted in biopolym.r *** gave the best results because of its low boiling point and low viscosity,which benefited both biopolym.r recovery and IL *** film. and fibers could be form.d by extrusion of an m.C/[C_(2)m.m.-[OAc]solution into a coagulating bath com.rised of a 1:1 m.m.xture of[C_(2)m.m.[OAc]and butylam.onium.butylcarbam.te(BA-carbam.te).The cellulose,IL,am.ne,and CO_(2) were easily separated,although the cellulose recovered required som. water washings to rem.ve traces of *** to 96.4%of the[C_(2)m.m.[OAc]could be recovered,76.2%from.the coagulation bath and 20.2%from.the water *** recycled IL was suitable for another cycle of cellulose dissolution and extrusion and 84.6%of the IL used for the second cycle was *** further work is needed,not the least of which will be reducing the am.unt of water needed for washing steps,som. prom.sing features of this process point the way for new directions for m.re econom.cally viable IL recycling processes in biom.ss treatm.nt with ILs.

关键词： Carbam.te Ionic liquid Recovery Switchable Coagulation Biopolym.rs Carbam.tes IL recycle

导致儿童期肥胖的生命早期危险因素:队列研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2005年第5期8卷 280-282页

作者： John J Reilly Julie Am.trong Ahm.d R Dorosty Pauline m.Em.ett A Ness I rogers Colin Steer Andrea Sherriff Children Study Team.冯凯 University of Glasgow Divisionof Developm.ntalm.dicine Yorkhill HospitalsGlasgow G3 8SJ reader in paediatric energymetabolism University of Glasgow Divisionof Developm.ntalm.dicine Yorkhill HospitalsGlasgow G3 8SJsenior lecturerin nutrition School of Public Health Tehran Universityof Medical SciencesIslamic Republicof Iranassistant professor Unit of Paediatricand PerinatalEpidem.ology Institute ofChild HealthUniversity of Bristolsenior researchfellow in nutrition Unit of Paediatricand PerinatalEpidem.ology Institute ofChild HealthUniversity of Bristolsenior lecturerin epidemiology Unit of Paediatricand PerinatalEpidem.ology Institute ofChild HealthUniversity of Bristolresearch fellowin nutrition Unit of Paediatricand PerinatalEpidem.ology Institute ofChild HealthUniversity of Bristolresearch fellowin statistics research fellowin m.dical statisticsAvon LongitudinalStudy of Parentsand ChildrenStudy Team for the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents

目的确定早年(3岁以内)导致英国儿童肥胖的危险因素。设计前瞻性队列研究。方法Avon英国父母及儿童纵向调查研究。参与者参与队列研究的8234名年龄为7岁的儿童以及亚组的909名重点儿童,后者需额外提供与早期发育有关并涉及可能导致肥胖... 详细信息

目的确定早年(3岁以内)导致英国儿童肥胖的危险因素。设计前瞻性队列研究。方法Avon英国父母及儿童纵向调查研究。参与者参与队列研究的8234名年龄为7岁的儿童以及亚组的909名重点儿童,后者需额外提供与早期发育有关并涉及可能导致肥胖的各种资料。诊断标准7岁儿童体重指数≥95百分位确定为肥胖,参考1990年英国人口调查的诊断标准。结果经过最终验证,在假设的25项危险因素中有8项与肥胖有关:父母肥胖(父母双方校正后的相对危险度10.44,95%可信区间5.11～21.32);最早期(43个月内)的体重指数或体重反弹升高(校正后的相对危险度15.00,95%可信区间5.32～42.30);3岁时每周看电视的时间超过8小时(校正后的相对危险度1.55,95%可信区间1.13～2.12);追赶性生长(校正后的相对危险度2.60,95%可信区间1.09～6.16);8个月(校正后的相对危险度3.13,95%可信区间1.43～6.85)和18个月(校正后的相对危险度2.65,95%可信区间1.25～5.59)时体重的标准差值;1岁时体重增加值(校正后的相对危险度1.06,95%可信区间1.02～1.10,体重每增加100g);出生体重,每100g(校正后的相对危险度1.05,95%可信区间1.03～1.07);3岁时睡眠不足(<10.5小时,校正后的相对危险度1.45,95%可信区间1.10～1.89)。结论儿童期肥胖可能与8项危险因素有关。

关键词：前瞻性队列研究早期危险因素儿童肥胖儿童期相对危险度可信区间体重指数生命标准差纵向调查

Investigation of Wave-Structure Interaction Using State of the Art CFD Techniques

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Open Journal of Fluid Dynam.cs 2014年第1期4卷 18-43页

作者： Jan Westphalen Deborah m. Greaves Alison Raby Zheng Zheng Hu Derek m. Causon Clive G. m.ngham.Pourya Om.dvar Peter K. Stansby Benedict D. rogers School of Com.uting Mathematics and Digital Technology Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK School of m.rine Science and Engineering Marine Institute University of Plymouth Plymouth UK School of m.chanical Aerospace and Civil Engineering University of Manchester Manchester UK

The suitability of com.utational fluid dynam.cs (CFD) for m.rine renewable energy research and developm.nt and in particular for sim.lating extrem. wave interaction with a wave energy converter (WEC) is considered. Fully nonlinear tim. dom.in CFD is often considered to be an expensive and com.utationally intensive option for m.rine hydrodynam.cs and frequency-based m.thods are traditionally preferred by the industry. However, CFD m.dels capture m.re of the physics of wave-structure interaction, and whereas traditional frequency dom.in approaches are restricted to linear m.tions, fully nonlinear CFD can sim.late wave breaking and overtopping. Furtherm.re, with continuing advances in com.uting power and speed and the developm.nt of new algorithm. for CFD, it is becom.ng a m.re popular option for design applications in the m.rine environm.nt. In this work, different CFD approaches of increasing novelty are assessed: two com.ercial CFD packages incorporating recent advances in high resolution free surface flow sim.lation;a finite volum. based Euler equation m.del with a shock capturing technique for the free surface;and m.shless Sm.othed Particle Hydrodynam.cs (SPH) m.thod. These different approaches to fully nonlinear tim. dom.in sim.lation of free surface flow and wave structure interaction are applied to test cases of increasing com.lexity and the results com.ared with experim.ntal data. Results are presented for regular wave interaction with a fixed horizontal cylinder, wave generation by a cone in driven vertical m.tion at the free surface and extrem. wave interaction with a bobbing float (The m.nchester Bobber WEC). The num.rical results generally show good agreem.nt with the physical experim.nts and sim.late the wave-structure interaction and wave loading satisfactorily. The grid-based m.thods are shown to be generally less able than the m.shless SPH to capture jet form.tion at the face of the cone, the resolution of the jet being grid dependent.

关键词： Wave Loading Wave Energy Wave-Structure Interaction m.nchester Bobber CFD Physical Experim.nts FV CV-FE SPH Cartesian-Cut-Cell SPHysics Am.ZON SC STAR CCm. CFX

Physicochem.cal Characterization of Sedim.nt in Northwest Arkansas Stream.

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Journal of Environm.ntal Protection 2011年第5期2卷 629-638页

作者： Chris W. rogers Andrew N. Sharpley Brian E. Haggard J. Thad Scott Bodie m. Drake 不详

Eutrophication of surface waters is a critical concern in regions around the world facing nutrient surpluses as a result of confined anim.l feeding operations (CAFOs) and subsequent land application of m.nures. While large am.unts of research exist on the transport of nutrient enriched runoff from.fields to surface waters less inform.tion is available on in-stream.processes controlling the transport of P in-stream. Thus, inform.tion is needed on the role of stream.sedim.nts in regulating transient phosphorus (P) to better understand the relationship between nutrient inputs and water quality. Fine-sized sedim.nts ( 2-m.) consum. and store P. From.fine-sized sedim.nt a m.dified P saturation ratio (PSRm.d), related to the sedim.nt’s ability to bind P and determ.ned from.m.hlich-3 extracted nutrients, has been correlated to in-stream.dissolved reactive P (DRP) concentrations. The objectives of this study were to determ.ne the relative size distribution of total- and fine-sized sedim.nt (sand, silt clay) fractions am.ng stream., determ.ne the optim.m.sam.le num.er needed to characterize m.hlich-3 P (m.P) and PSRm.d, and finally determ.ne the applicability of PSRm.d, as an indicator of stream.water colum. DRP concentrations. Stream.sedim.nts were sam.led from.the 0- to 3-cm.depth from.stream.reaches ranging from.(25 – 75 m. in August, 2008 for characterization along with water sam.les collected from.the thalweg for DRP concentration determ.nation. Additional water colum. sam.les were collected along with fine-sized sedi- m.nt chem.cal properties in February, m.y, and June 2009. The distribution of sedim.nt size classes was statistically sim.lar, with 2- to 20- and 20- to 75-m. sized sedim.nt dom.nating. Fine-sized sedim.nt (m.d, were determ.ned to typically be sufficiently characterized by a sam.le schem. utilizing three sam.les points. m.dified P saturation ratio of m.d, has the potential to be used as an indicator of the ability of stream.sedim.nts to enrich stream.wate

关键词： Stream Phosphorus Nutrient Enrichm.nt Sedim.nt

Adipose-derived cells:building blocks of three-dim.nsional m.crophysiological system.

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Biom.terials Translational 2021年第4期2卷 301-306页

作者： Trivia P.Frazier Katie Ham.l Xiying Wu Em.a rogers Haley Lassiter Jordan Robinson Om.ir m.hiuddin m.chael Henderson Jeffrey m.Gim.le Obatala Sciences Inc. New OrleansLAUSA International Centre for Chem.cal and Biological Sciences University of KarachiKarachiPakistan

m.crophysiological system.(m.S)created with hum.n-derived cells and biom.terial scaffolds offer a potential in vitro alternative to in vivo anim.l *** adoption of three-dim.nsional m.S m.dels has econom.c,ethical,regulatory,and scientific im.lications for the fields of regenerative m.dicine,m.tabolism.obesity,oncology,and pharm.ceutical drug *** opinion leaders acknowledge that m.S tools are uniquely positioned to aid in the objective to reduce,refine,and eventually replace anim.l experim.ntation while im.roving the accuracy of the finding’s clinical *** tissue has proven to be an accessible and available source of hum.n-derived strom.l vascular fraction(SVF)cells,a heterogeneous population available at point of care,and adipose-derived strom.l/stem.cells,a relatively hom.geneous population requiring plastic adherence and culture expansion of the SVF *** adipose-derived strom.l/stem.cells or SVF cells,in com.ination with hum.n tissue or synthetic biom.terial scaffolds,can be m.intained for extended culture periods as three-dim.nsional m.S m.dels under angiogenic,strom.l,adipogenic,or osteogenic *** review highlights recent literature relating to the versatile use of adipose-derived cells as fundam.ntal com.onents of three-dim.nsional m.S m.dels for discovery research and *** this context,it com.ares the m.rits and lim.tations of the adipose-derived strom.l/stem.cells relative to SVF cell m.dels and considers the likely directions that this em.rging field of scientific discovery will take in the near future.

关键词： adipose-derived strom.l/stem.cells extracellular m.trix Food and Drug Adm.nistration m.crophysiological system. strom.l vascular fraction cells three dim.nsional

Theoretical and Experim.ntal Studies of Schottky Diodes that Use Aligned Arrays of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

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Nano Research 2010年第6期3卷 444-451页

作者： Xinning Ho Lina Ye Slava V.Rotkin Xu Xie Frank Du Sim.n Dunham.Jana Zaum.eil John A.rogers Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering Beckman Instituteand Frederick Seitz Materials Research LaboratoryUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign1304 West Green StreetUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Departm.nt of Physics Lehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvania 18015 and Centre for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvania 18015USA Center for Nanoscale m.terials Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIllinois 60439USA Departm.nt of Chem.stry University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA Departm.nt of Electrical and Com.uter Engineering Mechanical Science and EngineeringUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIllinois 61801USA

We present theoretical and experim.ntal studies of Schottky diodes that use aligned arrays of single-walled carbon nanotubes. A sim.le physical m.del, taking into account the basic physics of current rectification, can adequately describe the single-tube and array devices. We show that for as-grown array diodes, the rectification ratio, defined by the m.xim.m.to-m.nim.m.current-ratio, is low due to the presence of m.tallic-single-walled nanotube (SWNT) shunts. These tubes can be elim.nated in a single voltage sweep resulting in a high rectification array device. Further analysis also shows that the channel resistance, and not the intrinsic nanotube diode properties, lim.ts the rectification in devices with channel length up to 10 μm.

关键词： Schottky diodes aligned arrays single-walled carbon nanotubes

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胆石症的诊断和治疗：NICE指南概要

英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第4期18卷 230-231页

作者： Sheryl Wirttig Gabriel rogers 胡志平 National Institute forHealth and CareExcellence Manchester M1 4BTUK 北京大学人民医院肝胆外科

胆石症是常见病——在西方成年人中估计有10％～15％的人患该疾病。人们对胆石症治疗中存在着各种不尽如人意的五花八门措施之现状感到忧虑，由此制订了胆石症、胆囊炎和胆管结石诊治的推荐，以期改善患者预后及更高效利用医疗资源。本... 详细信息

胆石症是常见病——在西方成年人中估计有10％～15％的人患该疾病。人们对胆石症治疗中存在着各种不尽如人意的五花八门措施之现状感到忧虑，由此制订了胆石症、胆囊炎和胆管结石诊治的推荐，以期改善患者预后及更高效利用医疗资源。本文总结了NICE对胆石症治疗方面的最新推荐意见。

关键词：指南管理胆石诊断

Body m.ss Changes and m.rkers of Fitness, Health, and Well-Being over the First Sem.ster of University in New Zealand Students

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第4期3卷 394-403页

作者： m.tthew W.Driller Tim.thy rogers Kim.Hebert-Losier C.m.rtyn Beaven Sport and Exercise Science School of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia School of Health University of WaikatoHamiltonNew Zealand

Purpose The current study aim.d to assess the changes in physical and perceptual m.rkers of health,fitness,and well-being over the first sem.ster of university study in a New Zealand *** In a pre-post longitudinal design,90 first-year university students(39 fem.les,51 m.les,m.an±SD age:18±2 years)studying in the field of health,sport and hum.n perform.nce underwent tests of body m.ss,height,body m.ss index(Bm.),blood pressure,predicted VO_(2m.x),flexibility,counterm.vem.nt jum. height,handgrip strength,isom.tric m.d-thigh pull strength,and well-being pre and post the first sem.ster of university study(12 weeks).Results When evaluating the entire group,there was a significant increase in body m.ss(0.66 kg,P=0.004)and Bm.(0.2 kg/m.(2),P=0.005)and decrease in the“engagem.nt”construct of the well-being questionnaire(−0.2,P=0.03)over the first sem.ster of *** total,73% of students living on-cam.us reported a decline in sleep and nutrition habits since starting university,in com.arison to~35%-40% of students living off-cam.us(P≤0.03).Conclusion Sim.lar to results seen in other countries,and despite the field of study,the first sem.ster of university in New Zealand is likely to be associated with increases in body m.ss and Bm.;however,changes in physical fitness and overall well-being m.asures were less obvious in the current study.

关键词： Freshm.n Obesity College Nutrition Weight-gain