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Hepatic expression and cellular distribution of the glucose transporter family

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第46期18卷 6771-6781页

作者： Sumera Karim David H adams Patricia F Lalor Centre for Liver Research and NIHR Biomedical Research Unit Institute of Biomedical Research University of Birmingham

Glucose and other carbohydrates are transported into cells using members of a family of integral membrane glucose transporter (GLUT) molecules. To date 14 members of this family, also called the solute carrier 2A proteins have been identified which are divided on the basis of transport characteristics and sequence similarities into several families (Classes 1 to 3). The expression of these different receptor subtypes varies between different species, tissues and cellular subtypes and each has differential sensitivities to stimuli such as insulin. The liver is a contributor to metabolic carbohydrate homeostasis and is a major site for synthesis, storage and redistribution of carbohydrates. Situations in which the balance of glucose homeostasis is upset such as diabetes or the metabolic syndrome can lead metabolic disturbances that drive chronic organ damage and failure, confirming the importance of understanding the molecular regulation of hepatic glucose homeostasis. There is a considerable literature describing the expression and function of receptors that regulate glucose uptake and release by hepatocytes, the most import cells in glucose regulation and glycogen storage. However there is less appreciation of the roles of GLUTs expressed by non parenchymal cell types within the liver, all of which require carbohydrate to function. A better understanding of the detailed cellular distribution of GLUTs in human liver tissue may shed light on mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis. This review summarises the available literature on hepatocellular expression of GLUTs in health and disease and highlights areas where further investigation is required.

关键词： Hepatic Liver Glucose transporters Glucose Transport Hepatocyte

Clinical application of concentrated bone marrow aspirate in orthopaedics:A systematic review

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第6期8卷 491-506页

作者： Arianna L Gianakos Li Sun Jay N Patel Donald M adams Frank A Liporace Division of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Orthopedic SurgeryJersey City Medical Center-RWJ Barnabas Health

AIM To examine the evidence behind the use of concentrated bone marrow aspirate(c BMA) in cartilage, bone, and tendon repair; establish proof of concept for the use of cB MA in these biologic environments; and provide the level and quality of evidence substantiating the use of cB MA in the clinical *** We conducted a systematic review according to PRISMA guidelines. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Knowledge databases were screened for the use of cB MA in the repair of cartilage, bone, and tendon repair. We extracted data on tissue type, cB MA preparation, cB MA concentration, study methods, outcomes, and level of evidence and reported the results in tables and *** A total of 36 studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria and were included in this review. Thirty-one of 36(86%) studies reported the method of centrifugation and preparation of cB MA with 15(42%) studies reporting either a cell concentration or an increase from baseline. Variation of c BMA application was seen amongst the studies evaluated. Twenty-one of 36(58%) were level of evidence Ⅳ, 12/36(33%) were level of evidence Ⅲ, and 3/36(8%) were level of evidence Ⅱ. Studies evaluated full thickness chondral lesions(7 studies), osteochondral lesions(10 studies), osteoarthritis(5 studies), nonunion or fracture(9 studies), or tendon injuries(5 studies). Significant clinical improvement with the presence of hyaline-like values and lower incidence of fibrocartilage on T2 mapping was found in patients receiving cB MA in the treatment of cartilaginous lesions. Bone consolidation and time to bone union was improved in patients receiving cB MA. Enhanced healingrates, improved quality of the repair surface on ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging, and a decreased risk of re-rupture was demonstrated in patients receiving cB MA as an adjunctive treatment in tendon repair. CONCLUSION The current literature demonstrates the potential benefits of utilizing c BMA for the repair of cartilaginous lesions, bo

关键词： Concentrated bone marrow aspirate Bone Cartilage Osteochondral lesion Osteoarthritis Tendon

The heterodimeric structure of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 dictates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-directed transcriptional events in osteoblasts

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Bone Research 2014年第2期2卷 110-120页

作者： Thomas S Lisse Kanagasabai Vadivel S Paul Bajaj Rui Zhou Rene F Chun Martin Hewison John S adams Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center UCLA Los Angeles CA USA Department of Regenerative Biology and Medicine Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory Bar Harbor ME USA

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein （hnRNP） C plays a key role in RNA processing but also exerts a dominant negative effect on responses to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D （1,25（OH）2D） by functioning as a vitamin D response element-binding protein （VDRE-BP）. hnRNPC acts a tetramer of hnRNPC1 （huC1） and hnRNPC2 （huC2）, and organization of these subunits is critical to in vivo nucleic acid-binding. Overexpression of either huC1 or huC2 in human osteoblasts is sufficient to confer VDRE-BP suppression of 1,25（OH）2D-mediated transcription. However, huC1 or huC2 alone did not suppress 1,25（OH）2D-induced transcription in mouse osteoblastic cells. By contrast, overexpression of huC1 and huC2 in combination or transfection with a bone-specific polycistronic vector using a ＂self-cleaving＂ 2A peptide to co-express huC1/C2 suppressed 1,25D-mediated induction of osteoblast target gene expression. Structural diversity of hnRNPC between human/NWPs and mouse/rat/rabbit/dog was investigated by analysis of sequence variations within the hnRNP CLZ domain. The predicted loss of distal helical function in hnRNPC from lower species provides an explanation for the altered interaction between huC1/C2 and their mouse counterparts. These data provide new evidence of a role for hnRNPC1/C2 in 1,25（OH）2D-driven gene expression, and further suggest that species-specific tetramerization is a crucial determinant of its actions as a regulator of VDR-directed transactivation.

关键词： gene The heterodimeric structure of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C1/C2 dictates 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-directed transcriptional events in osteoblasts Figure EcoRI

Changes in human hepatic metabolism in steatosis and cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第15期23卷 2685-2695页

作者： Zoe Schofield Michelle AC Reed Philip N Newsome David H adams Ulrich L Günther Patricia F Lalor Sci-Phy-4-Health EPSRC Research and Training Centre in Physical Sciences for HealthCollege of Engineering and Physical Sciences School of Cancer Sciences at the University of Birmingham Centre for Liver Research and National Institute for Health Research(NIHR)Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit 不详

AIMTo understand the underlying metabolic changes in human liver disease we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics analysis to human liver *** have carried out pilot study using 1H-NMR to derive metabolomic signatures from human liver from patients with steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or alcohol-related liver damage (ARLD) to identify species that can predict outcome and discriminate between alcohol and metabolic-induced liver *** in branched chain amino acid homeostasis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine biosynthesis intermediates along with betaine were associated with the development of cirrhosis in both ARLD and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Species such as propylene glycol and as yet unidentified moieties that allowed discrimination between NASH and ARLD samples were also detected using our *** high throughput, non-destructive technique for multiple analyte quantification in human liver specimens has potential for identification of biomarkers with prognostic and diagnostic significance.

关键词： Human Liver Metabolomics Steatosis Nuclear magnetic resonance Alcohol

A benchtop brain injury model using resected donor tissue from patients with Chiari malformation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1057-1061页

作者： Jacqueline A.Tickle Jon Sen Christopher adams David N.Furness Rupert Price Viswapathi Kandula Nikolaos Tzerakis Divya M.Chari Aston Pharmacy School College of Health and Life SciencesAston UniversityBirminghamUK School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesKeele UniversityStaffordshireUK School of Life Sciences Keele UniversityStaffordshireUK Department of Neurosurgery Royal Stoke University HospitalStoke-on-TrentUK

The use of live animal models for testing new therapies for brain and spinal cord repair is a controversial area. Live animal models have associated ethical issues and scientific concerns regarding the predictability of human responses. Alternative models that replicate the 3 D architecture of the central nervous system have prompted the development of organotypic neural injury models. However, the lack of reliable means to access normal human neural tissue has driven reliance on pathological or post-mortem tissue which limits their biological utility. We have established a protocol to use donor cerebellar tonsillar tissue surgically resected from patients with Chiari malformation(cerebellar herniation towards the foramen magnum, with ectopic rather than diseased tissue) to develop an in vitro organotypic model of traumatic brain injury. Viable tissue was maintained for approximately 2 weeks with all the major neural cell types detected. Traumatic injuries could be introduced into the slices with some cardinal features of post-injury pathology evident. Biomaterial placement was also feasible within the in vitro lesions. Accordingly, this ‘proof-of-concept’ study demonstrates that the model offers potential as an alternative to the use of animal tissue for preclinical testing in neural tissue engineering. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that donor tissue from patients with Chiari malformation can be used to develop a benchtop model of traumatic brain injury. However, significant challenges in relation to the clinical availability of tissue were encountered, and we discuss logistical issues that must be considered for model scale-up.

关键词： biomaterial Chiari malformation cerebellar slice human tissue injury model neuroregeneration organotypic traumatic brain injury

THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ROMANO-CELTIC TEMPLES AND RURAL ROMANISED VILLAS IN BRITAIN: AN EXAMINATION OF SOME POSSIBLE SITES IN GLOUCESTERSHIRE

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2003年第1期18卷 113-123页

作者： G. W. adams The University of Adelaide.

THE CONNECTION BETWEEN ROMANO-CELTIC TEMPLES AND RURAL ROMANISED VILLAS IN BRITAIN: AN EXAMINATION OF SOME POSSIBLE SITES IN GLOUCESTERSHIRE

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2003年 113-122页

作者： G. W. adams The University of Adelaide.

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高效霉菌毒素解决方案

饲料研究 2014年第6期37卷 52-53页

作者： Nick adams

据Nick介绍，目前中国乃至世界霉菌毒素污染严重，据奥特奇检测结果显示，所检测的饲料样品中，98％的样品含有至少一种霉菌毒素。有些霉菌毒素在农作物收割前就已经产生，如玉米赤霉烯酮、呕吐毒素、伏马菌素等，所以霉菌毒素是不可能... 详细信息

据Nick介绍，目前中国乃至世界霉菌毒素污染严重，据奥特奇检测结果显示，所检测的饲料样品中，98％的样品含有至少一种霉菌毒素。有些霉菌毒素在农作物收割前就已经产生，如玉米赤霉烯酮、呕吐毒素、伏马菌素等，所以霉菌毒素是不可能完全避免的。每个国家和地区的气候条件不一样，霉菌毒素污染的情况也不同，印度玉米的黄曲霉毒素比较严重，北美玉米的黄曲霉毒素比较少，但是麦角碱和伏马毒素比较严重。

关键词：霉菌毒素污染玉米赤霉烯酮黄曲霉毒素检测结果饲料样品呕吐毒素伏马菌素气候条件

Impacts of Zoological Garden in Schools (A Case Study of Zoological Garden, Kano State Nigeria)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第10期4卷 612-618页

作者： Azubuike adams Azubuike Amarachi Salome Biological Science Department Nigeria Police Academy Kano Nigeria School of Education Jigawa State College of Education Gumel Nigeria

In the course of this work which is the impact of zoological garden in schools, the questionnaire interviewed was used in the collection of data. Based on the finding it was observed that people visit zoological gardens for different purposes like educational, recreational, research, economic and cultural values. Also the chi-square (X2) is used in this research to show if there is significant difference or not. Result indicated that people from various works of life visited the zoo. Some recommendations were also made for further studies as well as the opposition of establishment of a zoo. Thus, the objectives of the this work are to identify the conservation areas in which zoos make a contribution, to develop understanding and support of the conservation potentials of zoos, to convince local zoos and conservation agencies that they can make important contributions to conservation, to help zoos formulate conservation priorities and policies and finally, to promote action of individual zoos by participation in the global zoo and other conservation network.

关键词： Zoological Garden Population Sampling Respondents