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Hepatolithiasis:Epidemiology,presentation,classification and management of a complex disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第13期30卷 1836-1850页

作者： rodrigo v.motta Francesca Saffioti vasileios K Mavroeidis Translational Gastroenterology and Liver Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustJohn Radcliffe HospitalOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom UCL Institute for Liver and Digestive Health and Sheila Sherlock Liver Unit Royal Free Hospital and University College LondonLondon NW32QGUnited Kingdom Department of HPB Surgery Bristol Royal InfirmaryUniversity Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation TrustBristol BS28HWUnited Kingdom Department of Transplant Surgery North Bristol NHS TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery North Bristol NHS TrustSouthmead HospitalBristol BS105NBUnited Kingdom

The term hepatolithiasis describes the presence of biliary stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts,above the hilar confluence of the hepatic *** disease is more prevalent in Asia,mainly owing to socioeconomic and dietary factors,as well as the prevalence of biliary *** the last century,owing to migration,its global incidence has *** main pathophysiological mechanisms involve cholangitis,bile infection and biliary strictures,creating a self-sustaining cycle that perpetuates the disease,frequently characterised by recurrent episodes of bacterial infection referred to as syndrome of“recurrent pyogenic cholangitis”.Furthermore,long-standing hepatolithiasis is a known risk factor for development of intrahepatic *** classifications have aimed at providing useful insight of clinically relevant aspects and guidance for *** management of symptomatic patients and those with complications can be complex,and relies upon a multidisciplinary team of hepatologists,endoscopists,interventional radiologists and hepatobiliary surgeons,with the main goal being to offer relief from the clinical presentations and prevent the development of more serious *** comprehensive review provides insight on various aspects of hepatolithiasis,with a focus on epidemiology,new evidence on pathophysiology,most important clinical aspects,different classification systems and contemporary management.

关键词： Cholelithiasis Intrahepatic stones Cholangiocarcinoma Biliary parasites Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis Oriental cholangiohepatitis Hepatectomy Cholangioscopy Liver transplant Paediatric

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Palliative long-term abdominal drains vs large volume paracenteses for the management of refractory ascites in end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 428-438页

作者： Senamjit Kaur rodrigo v motta Bryony Chapman victoria Wharton Jane D Collier Francesca Saffioti Oxford Liver Unit Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom Oxford Liver Unit and Translational Gastroenterology Unit Nuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxford OX39DUUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Long-term abdominal drains(LTAD)are a cost-effective palliative measure to manage malignant ascites in the community,but their use in patients with end-stage chronic liver disease and refractory ascites is not routine *** safety and cost-effectiveness of LTAD are currently being studied in this setting,with preliminary positive *** hypothesised that palliative LTAD are as effective and safe as repeat palliative large volume paracentesis(LvP)in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites and may offer advantages in patients’quality of *** To compare the effectiveness and safety of palliative LTAD and LvP in refractory ascites secondary to end-stage chronic liver *** A retrospective,observational cohort study comparing the effectiveness and safety outcomes of palliative LTAD and regular palliative LvP as a treatment for refractory ascites in consecutive patients with end-stage chronic liver disease followed-up at our United Kingdom tertiary centre between 2018 and 2022 was ***’s exact tests and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare qualitative and quantitative variables,***-Meier survival estimates were generated to stratify time-related outcomes according to the type of *** Thirty patients had a total of 35 indwelling abdominal drains and nineteen patients underwent regular *** baseline characteristics were similar between the *** antibiotics were more frequently prescribed in patients with LTAD(P=0.012),while the incidence of peritonitis did not differ between the two groups(P=0.46).The incidence of acute kidney injury(P=0.014)and ascites/drain-related hospital admissions(P=0.004)were significantly higher in the LvP *** overall survival was similar in the two groups(log-rank P=0.26),but the endpoint-free survival was significantly shorter in the LvP group(P=0.003,P<0.001,P=0.018 for first ascites/drain-related admission,acute kidney injury and drain

关键词： Decompensated liver cirrhosis Indwelling abdominal catheter Rocket drain Palliative care Safety Quality of life

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Concerns about the application of resistance exercise with blood-flow restriction and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 548-558,F0003页

作者： Hugo de Luca Correa Lysleine Alves Deus Dahan da Cunha Nascimento Nicholas Rolnick rodrigo vanerson Passos Neves Andrea Lucena Reis Thais Branquinho de Araujo Carmen Tzanno-Martins Fernanda Silveira Tavares Luiz Sinesio Silva Neto Claudio Avelino Rodrigues Santos Paolo Lucas Rodrigues-Silva Fernando Honorato Souza vitoria Marra da motta vilalva Mestrinho Rafael Lavarini dos Santos Rosangela vieira Andrade Jonato Prestes Thiago dos Santos Rosa Post-graduate Program of Physical Education Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil The Human Performance Mechanic Lehman CollegeNew YorkNY 10011USA Clinical Group Home Dialysis Center and RenalClass Sao Paulo 01239-040Brazil Department of Medicine Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil Faculty of Medicine Federal University of TocantinsTocantins 77001-090Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasılia 70770-917Brazil Graduate Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Brasılia 71966-700Brazil

Background:Hemodialysis(HD) per se is a risk factor for *** the growing body of evidence on blood-flow restriction(BFR) exercise in HD patients,identification of possible risk factors related to the prothrombotic agent D-dimer is required for the safety and feasibility of this training *** aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with higher D-dimer levels and to determine the acute effect of resistance exercise(RE) with BFR on this ***:Two hundred and six HD patients volunteered for this study(all with a glomerular filtration rate of vised by a strength and conditioning ***:Several variables were associated with elevated levels of D-dimer,including higher blood glucose,citrate use,recent cardiovascular events,recent intercurrents,higher inflammatory status,catheter as vascular access,older patients(>70 years old),and HD ***,RE+BFR significantly increases D-dimer after 4 *** with borderline baseline D-dimer levels(400-490 ng/mL) displayed increased risk of elevating D-dimer over the normal range(≥500 ng/mL).Conclusion:These results identified factors associated with a heightened prothrombotic state and may assist in the screening process for HD patients who wish to undergo RE+BFR.D-dimer and/or other fibrinolysis factors should be assessed at baseline and throughout the protocol as a precautionary measure to maximize safety during RE+BFR.

关键词： Blood-flow restriction Chronic kidney disease Coagulation Hemodialysis vascular occlusion exercises

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Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Effects of Capybara Oil on Cardiac Remodeling of C57bl/6 Mice

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 213-232页

作者： Rafael M. Almeida Wagner D. Giannetti Guilherme R. Silveira Carolina R. Castilho Renata v. Lisboa Bianca T. Ciambarella rodrigo N. Ferreira Jorge José de Carvalho Laboratory of Ultrastructure and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Higher Education Center of valenç a Dom Andr&#233 Arcoverde Educational Foundation Valen&#231a Brazil

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and obesity and the metabolic syndrome are risk factors for its development. One of the therapies to reduce cardiovascular risk is the use of polyunsaturated fatty acids. In Brazil, a source of such acid is the oil extracted from the fat of the capybara. The objective of this work is to study the effects of the capybara oil on lipid and glucose metabolism, as well as its effects on the adipose tissue and cardiac remodeling. We assessed the effects of capybara oil treatment on body mass, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, systolic blood pressure, adipose tissue and cardiac remodeling, and performed an ultrastructural evaluation of the myocardium in C57Bl/6 mice treated with high-fat diet. Treatment with capybara oil reduced total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, systolic blood pressure, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and adipocyte diameter. In addition, cardiac remodeling was attenuated, preserving cardiomyocytes, increasing vascularization, reducing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and the extracellular matrix, and preserving the morphological integrity of mitochondria. Capybara oil has several beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and metabolic system, and further studies are needed to better understand its role in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： Capybara Oil Cardiac Remodeling Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Obesity Metabolic Syndrome

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Response to Commentary by Dr. Matthew J. Clarkson on

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 670-671页

作者： Hugo de Luca Corrêa Lysleine Alves Deus Dahan da Cunha Nascimento Nicholas Rolnick rodrigo vanerson Passos Neves Andrea Lucena Reis Thais Branquinho de Araújo Carmen Tzanno-Martins Fernanda Silveira Tavares Luiz Sinésio Silva Neto Cláudio Avelino Rodrigues Santos Paolo Lucas Rodrigues-Silva Fernando Honorato Souza vitória Marra da motta vilalva Mestrinho Rafael Lavarini dos Santos Rosangela vieira Andrade Jonato Prestes Thiago dos Santos Rosa Post-graduate Program of Physical Education Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil The Human Performance Mechanic Lehman CollegeNew YorkNY 10011USA Clinical Group Home Dialysis Center and RenalClass Sao Paulo 01239-040Brazil Department of Medicine Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil Faculty of Medicine Federal University of TocantinsTocantins 77001-090Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasılia 70770-917Brazil g Graduate Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Brasılia 71966-700Brazil

Dear editor:We sincerely thank Matthew *** for his insightful commentary1 on our recent publication in the Journal of Sport and Health Science.2 Clarkson's pioneering work in the development and application of blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise protocols has undeniably laid the groundwork for subsequent investigations in this field,including our own.(3-6)His commentary not only highlights the relevance and timeliness of our study but also offers valuable perspectives on refining safety considerations for intradialytic BFR exercise among hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients application flow

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Alternative stable states in mountain forest ecosystems： the case of European larch(Larix decidua) forests in the western Alps

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第5期14卷 811-822页

作者： Jose v.MORIS Giorgio vACCHIANO Davide ASCOLI Renzo motta University of Turin DISAFALargo Paolo Braccini 210095 Grugliasco(TO)Italy

European larch(Larix decidua) forests of the western Alps form extensivecultural landscapes whose resilience to global changes is currently unknown. Resilience describes the capacity of ecological systems to maintain the same state, i.e., the same function, processes, structure, and composition despite disturbances, environmental changes and internal fluctuations. Our aim is to explore the resilience of larch forests to changes in climate and land use in the western Italian *** do so, we examined whether larch forests can be described as an alternative stable state in mountain forest ecosystems. We used tree basal area data obtained from field forest inventories in combination with topography, forest structure, land use, and climate information. We applied three different probabilistic methods: frequency distributions, logistic regressions, and potential analyses to infer the resilience of larch forests relative to that of other forest *** found patters indicative of alternative stable states: bimodality in the frequency distribution of the percent of larch basal area, and the presence of an unstable state, i.e., mixed larch forests, in the potential analyses. We also found:(1) high frequency ofpurelarchforestsathighelevation,(2)the probability of pure larch forests increased mostly with elevation, and(3) pure larch forests were a stable state in the upper montane and subalpine *** study shows that the resilience of larch forests may increase with elevation, most likely due to the altitudinal effect on climate. Under the same climate conditions, land use seems to be the main factor governing the dominance of larch forests. In fact, subalpine larch forests may be more resilient, and natural succession after land abandonment, e.g., towards Pinuscembra forests, seems slower than in montane larch forests. In contrast, in the upper montane belt only intense land use regimes characterized by open canopies and forest grazing may maintain larch *** con

关键词： Resilience Ecosystem bistability Elevation Land use Natural succession Pinuscembra European larch

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Quantum effects on dislocation motion from ring-polymer molecular dynamics

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期4卷 198-203页

作者： rodrigo Freitas Mark Asta vasily v.Bulatov Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Quantum motion of atoms known as zero-point vibration was recently proposed to explain a long-standing discrepancy between theoretically computed and experimentally measured low-temperature plastic strength of iron and possibly other metals with high atomic *** finding challenges the traditional notion that quantum motion of atoms is relatively unimportant in solids comprised of heavy *** we report quantum dynamic simulations of quantum effects on dislocation motion within the exact formalism of Ring-Polymer Molecular Dynamics(RPMD).To extend the reach of quantum atomistic simulations to length and time scales relevant for extended defects in materials,we implemented RPMD in the open-source code LAMMPS thus making the RPMD method widely available to the *** use our RPMD/LAMMPS approach for direct calculations of dislocation mobility and its effects on the yield strength ofα-*** simulation results establish that quantum effects are noticeable at temperatures below 50 K but account for only a modest(≈13% at T=0 K)overall reduction in the Peierls barrier,at variance with the factor of two reduction predicted earlier based on the more approximate framework of harmonic transition state *** results confirm that zero-point vibrations provide ample additional agitation for atomic motion that increases with decreasing temperature,however its enhancing effect on dislocation mobility is largely offset by an increase in the effective atom size,an effect known as quantum dispersion that has not been accounted for in the previous calculations.

关键词： theory quantum motion

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Unwrapping reworked crust at the Columbia supercontinent margin within central southern Amazon Craton using multi-source geophysics and geochronology data synergy

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第3期13卷 35-52页

作者： João G.motta P.G.Betts v.T.Meira v.G.Trevisan C.R.de Souza Filho Institute of Geosciences University of CampinasCampinasSão PauloBrazil Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynCornwallUnited Kingdom School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash University(Clayton Campus)ClaytonVICAustralia Anglo American Níquel Brasil Ltda. Avenida Interlândia502 QD 87LST 68 e 10GoiâniaGoiásBrazil

The geometry and evolution of pre-existing basement in accretionary belts bordering supercontinents are often *** interpretation of long-wavelength potential field satellite data can image deep crust structure,improving our understanding of lithospheric processes that formed these margins ***,we present a multidisciplinary interpretation of the lithospheric architecture of the central southern Amazon Craton,a fragment of an accretionary belt at the southwestern Columbia supercontinent ***-borne gravity and magnetic data,airborne magnetic data,passive seismic(v_(p)/v_(s) ratio,crustal thickness)and seismic tomography data reveals that basement terranes from the interior of the craton extend into the accretionary margin of *** demonstrate a vertically heterogeneous structure with an underlying strongly reworked pre-Columbia tectonic wedge that sustained prolonged modification during the supercontinent assembly as corroborated by Nd isotope and geochronology *** isotope data suggest that the protracted orogenic wedge was influenced by subduction angle shifts over time,including addition of substantial juvenile material during slab retreat *** interplay promoted Craton growth at the supercontinent margin while keeping a subtle record of the pre-existing *** findings point to the possible misrepresentation of basement extension and geometry of supercontinent margins elsewhere.

关键词： Satellite gravity Satellite magnetics Columbia Accretionary belt Amazon Craton Geochronology

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Clinical evidence of human pathogens implicated in Alzheimer’s disease pathology and the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobials:an overview

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 374-390页

作者： Celso S.G.Catumbela vijayasree v.Giridharan Tatiana Barichello rodrigo Morales Department of Neurology McGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030USA Translational Psychiatry Program Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesMcGovern Medical SchoolThe University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77054USA Graduate Program in Health Sciences University of Southern Santa Catarina(UNESC)CriciúmaSC 88806-000Brazil Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada(CIBQA) Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins8370993 SantiagoChile

A wealth of pre-clinical reports and data derived from human subjects and brain autopsies suggest that microbial infections are relevant to Alzheimer’s disease(AD).This has inspired the hypothesis that microbial infections increase the risk or even trigger the onset of *** models have been developed to explain the increase in pathogenic microbes in AD *** this hypothesis is well accepted in the field,it is not yet clear whether microbial neuroinvasion is a cause of AD or a consequence of the pathological changes experienced by the demented *** the same line,the gut microbiome has also been proposed as a modulator of *** this review,we focus on human-based evidence demonstrating the elevated abundance of microbes and microbe-derived molecules in AD hosts as well as their interactions with AD ***,the direct-purpose and potential off-target effects underpinning the efficacy of anti-microbial treatments in AD are also addressed.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Amyloid-β Pathogens Infections

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Interfacial Strategies for Smart Slippery Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2020年第4期17卷 633-643页

作者： Glen McHale rodrigo Ledesma-Aguilar Gary George Wells Smart Materials&Surfaces Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneNE18STUK

The problem of contact line pinning on surfaces is pervasive and contributes to problems from ring stains to ice *** we provide a single conceptual framework for interfacial strategies encompassing five strategies for modifying the solid-liquid interface to remove pinning and increase droplet *** biomimetic strategies are included,(i)reducing the liquid-solid interfacial area inspired by the Lotus effect,(ii)converting the liquid-solid contact to a solid-solid contact by the formation of a liquid marble inspired by how galling aphids remove honeydew,and(iii)converting the liquid-solid interface to a liquid-lubricant contact by the use of a lubricant impregnated surface inspired by the Nepenthes Pitcher *** further strategies are,(iv)converting the liquid-solid contact to a liquid-vapor contact by using the Leidenfrost effect,and(v)converting the contact to a liquid-liquid-like contact using slippery omniphobic covalent attachment of a liquid-like coating(SOCAL).Using these approaches,we explain how surfaces can be designed to have smart functionality whilst retaining the mobility of contact lines and ***,we show how droplets can evaporate at constant contact angle,be positioned using a Cheerios effect,transported by boundary reconfiguration in an energy invariant manner,and drive the rotation of solid components in a Leidenfrost heat *** conceptual framework enables the rationale design of surfaces which are slippery to liquids and is relevant to a diverse range of applications.

关键词： superhydrophobicity SLIPS liquid marbles leidenfrost SOCAL

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