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Hyperglycemia in acute ischemic stroke: physiopathological and therapeutic complexity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 292-299页

作者： Federica Ferrari Antonio Moretti roberto Federico Villa Department of Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Medicine of Central Nervous SystemUniversity of PaviaVia FerrataPaviaItaly

Diabetes mellitus and associated chronic hyperglycemia enhance the risk of acute ischemic stroke and lead to worsened clinical outcome and increased mortality. However, post-stroke hyperglycemia is also present in a number of non-diabetic patients after acute ischemic stroke, presumably as a stress response. The aim of this review is to summarize the main effects of hyperglycemia when associated to ischemic injury in acute stroke patients, highlighting the clinical and neurological outcomes in these conditions and after the administration of the currently approved pharmacological treatment, i.e. insulin. The disappointing results of the clinical trials on insulin(including the hypoglycemic events) demand a change of strategy based on more focused therapies. Starting from the comprehensive evaluation of the physiopathological alterations occurring in the ischemic brain during hyperglycemic conditions, the effects of various classes of glucose-lowering drugs are reviewed, such as glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, DPP-4 inhibitors and sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, in the perspective of overcoming the up-to-date limitations and of evaluating the effectiveness of new potential therapeutic strategies.

关键词： acute ischemic stroke diabetes mellitus DPP-4 inhibitor glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonist hyperglycemia hypoglycemia insulin physiopathology sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor

Safe-event pruning in spacecraft conjunction management

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Astrodynamics 2023年第4期7卷 401-413页

作者： Sébastien Henry roberto Armellin Thibault Gateau Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Te Punaha Atea-Space Institute The University of AucklandAuckland 1010New Zealand Department of Aerospace Vehicles Design and Control Institut Superieur de I'Aeronautique et de I'EspaceToulouse 31055France

Spacecraft conjunction management plays a crucial role in the mitigation of space *** a conjunction event occurs,resources and time are spent analyzing,planning,and potentially maneuvering the *** work contributes to a subpart of the problem:Confidently identifying events that will not lead to a high collision probability,and therefore do not require further *** method reduces the dimensionality of the data via principal component analysis(PCA)on a subset of ***-risk regions are then determined by clustering the projected data,and events that do not belong to a high-risk cluster are pruned.A genetic algorithm(GA)is developed to optimize the number of clusters and feature selection of the ***,an ensemble learning framework is proposed to combine the suboptimal models for better *** results show that the first set of parameters pruned approximately 50%of the events in the testing set with no false negatives,whereas the second set of parameters pruned 70%of the events and maintained a near-perfect *** results could benefit the optimization of operational resources and allow operators to focus better on the events of interest.

关键词： space situational awareness collision avoidance genetic algorithm(GA) ensemble learning

ABCDE—agile block chain DApp engineering

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2020年第1期1卷 18-35页

作者： Lodovica Marchesi Michele Marchesi roberto Tonelli DMI University of CagliariCagliari09124Italy

Blockchain software development is becoming more and more important for any modern software developer and IT ***,blockchain software production still lacks a disciplined,organized and mature development process,as demonstrated by the many and(in)famous failures and frauds occurred in recent *** this paper we present ABCDE,a complete method addressing blockchain software *** method considers the software integration among the blockchain components—smart contracts,libraries,data structures—and the out-of-chain components,such as web or mobile applications,which all together constitute a complete DApp *** advocate for ABCDE the use of agile practices,because these are suited to develop systems whose requirements are not completely understood since the beginning,or tend to change,as it is the case of most blockchain-based *** is based on Scrum,and is therefore iterative and *** Scrum,we kept the requirement gathering with user stories,the iterative-incremental approach,the key roles,and the *** main difference with Scrum is the separation of development activities in two flows—one for smart contracts and the other for out-of-chain software interacting with the blockchain—each performed iteratively,with integration activities every 2–3 *** makes explicit the activities that must be performed to design,develop,test and integrate smart contracts and out-of-chain software,and documents the smart contracts using formal diagrams to help development,security assessment,and maintenance.A diagram derived from UML class diagram helps to effectively model the data structure of smart contracts,whereas the exchange of messages between the entities of the system is modeled using a modified UML sequence *** proposed method has also specific activities for security assessment and gas optimization,through systematic use of patterns and *** focuses on Ethereum blockchain and its

关键词： Blockchain Smart contracts Blockchain-oriented software engineering UML DApp design

Phenotypic variation in food utilization in an outbreak insect herbivore

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Insect Science 2018年第3期25卷 467-474页

作者： roberto Quezada-Garcia Alvaro Fuentealba Eric Bauce Faculté de Foresterie Géographie et Géomafique Département des Sciences du Bois et de la Forêt Centre d'Etude de la Forêt (CEF) Universite Laval Quebec City Quebec Canada

The effects of nutrition may have subtantial impact on insect evolution by shaping different components of phenotypes. The key to undestanding this evolutionary process is to know how nutritional condition affects additive and nonadditive components of the phenotype. However, this is poorly understood in outbreaking insects. We investigated the additive and nonadditive variation present in food utilization traits in spruce budworm individuals subjected to chronic nutritional stress. A total of 160 full-sib families of spruce budworm （Choristoneurafumiferana Clem.） were raised under laboratory condi- tions, feeding on 2 diets （high and low energy） during 3 generations. Variables tested were pupal mass, consumption rate （RCR）, growth rate （RGR）, approximate digestibility （AD）, the efficiency of conversion of digested food （ECD） and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food （ECI）. Our results show that all traits tested presented a high percentage of nonadditive effects that modulate phenotype expression. We found a significant impact of family × diet interaction on pupal mass, RGR and ECD. Furthermore, these traits exhib- ited the greatest heritability. There was no evidence of presence of maternal effects. The results revealed that food utilization traits may evolve through epigenetics effects, such as phenotypic plasticity. This information can be used by modellers to improve forecast of spruce budworm population dynamics.

关键词： food utilization nutritional stress phenotypic plasticity spruce budworm

Big size is not all, even better!

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第5期8卷 539-540页

作者： roberto Ivan Troisi Mariano Cesare Giglio roberto Montalti Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II University of NaplesNaplesItaly Department of Liver and Small Bowel Transplantation Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic SurgeryKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CenterRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Public Health Federico II University of NaplesNaplesItaly

We read with interest the article entitled"Comprehensive Complication Index validates improved outcomes over time despiteincreased complexity in 3707 consecutive hepatectomies"by Cloydet al.(1).This article focused on... 详细信息

关键词： entitled consecutive despite

Development of a petroleum knowledge tutorial system for university and corporate training

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Petroleum Science 2012年第1期9卷 110-120页

作者： Verga Francesca Benetatos Christoforos Sacchi Quinto Carta roberto Petroleum Engineering Group DITAG Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 10129 Turin Italy HOPLO Srl2 Via San Lucifero 65 09127 Cagliari Italy

The increasingly rapid development of the disciplines of petroleum engineering and petroleum geology has led to new methodologies and interpretation techniques forming new knowledge that should be offered quickly and efficiently to modern engineers and geologists. This need is equally important for students as well as for young professionals. Access and training to all scientific information is necessary to ensure success in their future careers. Today, e-learning has become a common medium for the management and distribution of on-line educational content. Learning Management Systems （LMSs） were not only developed to handle a large variety of multimedia content that provides an organized knowledge repository used to accelerate access to information and skill acquisition; but, LMSs can also keep detailed statistics on the use of the available material offering a powerful training and educational tool. In this document, the Petroleum Knowledge Tutorial System, an LMS platform offering a variety of online educational and training options to petroleum engineers and geologists, is presented. It was created using Moodle, open- source software that can be used to create on-line courses. The platform covers fundamental educational concepts in a structured way. It follows an optimized ＂workflow＂ that can be applied not only to solve a specific exercise but also any similar problem encountered over the course of one＇s career. The platform was designed to offer a repository of learning material in various forms and to favor user-platform interactions. It can be used for training and evaluation purposes through exercises and problem solving that the user can perform online by using browsing software along with internet access. Special tools were created and implemented on the platform to assist the user in completing a variety of tasks including performing exercises involving calculations with given data and plots of points or lines on graphs without leaving the learning envir

关键词： E-learning training petroleum engineering tutorial

Population structure and body condition of White-crested Elaenia(Elaenia albiceps)in relation to habitat in a modiffed Neotropical forest landscape

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 160-165页

作者： roberto F.Thomson Andrew G.Gosler Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology Department of ZoologyUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOX13PSOxfordUK Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Conservacion de la NaturalezaUniversidad de ChileSanta Rosa#11315La PintanaRegion MetropolitanaChile Institute of Human Sciences The Pauling Centre58a Banbury Rd.OxfordOX26QSUK

Despite the widely accepted view that planted forests are valuable habitat for wildlife species,there is a lack of empirical evidence showing the suitability of this novel habitat,especially in relation to plantations of exotic tree ***,little is known about the effects of forest management on the ecology and dynamics of wild populations in the *** the breeding season,the migrant flycatcher White-crested Elaenia is the most abundant bird species in forested landscapes in *** several years we have studied different aspects of these artificial forests in the coastal range of south-central Chile as habitat for the species,particularly in contrast to the native *** general,our results indicate that plantation forests offer a poorer quality habitat,where the density of the species tends to be lower than in the native forest,although a significant edge effect suggests that its quality can be mitigated by planting as a matrix mosaic with native ***,compared to native forests,populations in plantations contained a higher proportion of younger adult individuals maintaining larger territories,and showing poorer body *** suggest that these differences could also have an impact on the birds'longevity and survival.

关键词： Body condition Migrant Planted forests Survival Temperate forests Territory

Diarrhea in neonatal intensive care unit

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第21期16卷 2664-2668页

作者： Annalisa Passariello Gianluca Terrin Maria Elisabetta Baldassarre Mario De Curtis roberto Paludetto roberto Berni Canani Department of Pediatrics University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ"Naples80131Italy Department of Evolutive Age Biomedicine University of BariBari70124Italy Neonatal Care Unit University La SapienzaRome00161Italy European Laboratory for Investigation on Food-Induced Diseases University of Naples "Federico Ⅱ"Naples80131Italy

AIM:To investigate the frequency,etiology,and current management strategies for diarrhea in ***:Retrospective,nationwide study involving 5801 subjects observed in neonatal intensive care units during 3 *** main anamnesis and demographic characteristics,etiology and characteristics of diarrhea,nutritional and therapeutic management,clinical outcomes were ***:Thirty-nine cases of diarrhea(36 acute,3 chronic) were *** occurrence rate of diarrhea was 6.72 per 1000 hospitalized *** was defined in 29 of 39 newborn(74.3%):food allergy(20.5%),gastrointestinal infections(17.9%),antibiotic-associated diarrhea(12.8%),congenital defects of ion transport(5.1%),withdrawal syndrome(5.1%),Hirschsprung's disease(2.5%),parenteral diarrhea(2.5%),cystic fibrosis(2.5%),and metabolic disorders(2.5%).Three patients died due to complications related to diarrhea(7.7%).In 19 of 39 patients(48.7%),rehydration was performed exclusively by the enteral ***:Diarrhea in neonates is a challenging clinical condition due to the possible heterogeneous etiologies and severe *** guidelines are advocated in order to optimize management of diarrhea in this particular setting.

关键词： Chronic diarrhea Congenital diarrhea Food allergy Oral rehydration solution Rotavirus

PHYSICS INFORMED NEURAL NETWORKS (PINNs) FOR APPROXIMATING NONLINEAR DISPERSIVE PDEs

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第6期39卷 816-847页

作者： Genming Bai Ujjwal Koley Siddhartha Mishra roberto Molinaro Seminar for Applied Mathematics(SAM) D-Math ETH ZurichRamistrasse 101 Centre for Applicable Mathematics Tata Institute of Fundamental Research P.O.Box 6503GKVK Post OfficeBangalore 560065India

We propose a novel algorithm,based on physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)to efficiently approximate solutions of nonlinear dispersive PDEs such as the KdV-Kawahara,Camassa-Holm and Benjamin-Ono *** stability of solutions of these dispersive PDEs is leveraged to prove rigorous bounds on the resulting *** present several numerical experiments to demonstrate that PINNs can approximate solutions of these dispersive PDEs very accurately.

关键词： Nonlinear dispersive PDEs Deep learning Physics Informed Neural Networks