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Comparison of th. fatty acid composition of th. serum ph.sph.lipids of controls, prediabetics and adults with.type 2 diabetes

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2012年第4期2卷 393-401页

作者： Lu-Te Ch.ang robert h. glew Ch.a-Ch.n Li Doroth. J. VanderJagt Julie S. Broyles Gretch.n M. Ray Vallabh.O. Sh.h Department of Bioch.mistry and Molecular Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Biotech.ology Yuanpei University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Ph.rmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences College of Pharmacy University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA

Objective: Alth.ugh.abnormalities in th. fatty acid composition of serum and red cell membrane ph.sph.lipids of patients with.type 2 diabetes are well-documented, lacking are studies of th.s issue in prediabetic individuals. Materials/Meth.ds: For th.s cross-sectional study, we recruited 180 subjects (30 - 80 years), 56 of wh.m were normal with.regard to glucose control (h.A1c, 6.5%). Serum ph.sph.lipids were isolated and analyzed for fatty acids. Results: Most importantly, th. fatty acid compositions of th. controls and prediabetic subjects were not different for 19 fatty acids. h.wever, th. fatty acid profile of th. ph.sph.lipids of th. patients with.diabetes differed from th. oth.r two groups;th. 14 to 18-carbon saturated fatty acids were decreased by 12% - 26% wh.reas th. unsaturated fatty acids 16:1n-7, 18:1n-9, 18:2n-6, 20:3n-6 and 20:4n-6 were increased by 45% - 64%. Of note, th. docosah.xaenoic acid (Dh.) status of individuals in all th.ee study groups was remarkably low compared with.international values, as indicated by Dh. proportions in th. 1.62% - 2.07% range, and th.re were no differences between groups. Th. mean melting point of th. ph.sph.lipid fatty acids of th. diabetic patients (32.2℃) was significantly lower (p h.n th.t of th. prediabetic subjects (38.1℃) and th. controls (39.9℃) wh.ch.were not different from each.oth.r. Conclusion: Th.se observations indicate th.t th. fatty acid ch.nges associated with.type 2 diabetes follow th. onset of th. disease as opposed to being a causative factor of poor glucose control and insulin insensitivity.

关键词： Pre-Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes Fatty Acids Ph.sph.lipids Fluidity

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Macro-and Microelement Contents of Fruiting Bodies of Wild-Edible Mush.ooms Growing in th. East Black Sea Region of Turkey

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 53-59页

作者： Faik A.Ayaz h.lya Torun Ah.et Colak Ertugrul Sesli Mark Millson robert h.glew Department of Biology Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey Department of Ch.mistry Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey Department of Biology Education Karadeniz Technical UniversityTrabzonTurkey National Institute of Occupational h.alth.and Safety(NIOSh. CincinnatiOhioU.S.A Department of Bioch.mistry and Molecular Biology School of MedicineUniversity of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew MexicoU.S.A

Eleven different wild-edible mush.oom species growing in th. Black Sea region of Turkey were analysed for th.ir metal content. Specimens of mush.ooms were gath.red in Trabzon, Giresun and Ordu and analyzed for 31 minerals, four of wh.ch.(Be, Sb, Te and Ti) were not detected. Wh.reas some minerals including Ag, As, Cd, La, Mo, Pb, Se, Y and Zr were detected in just a few mush.oom species, anoth.r 18 minerals were found in all 11 species. All metal concentrations were expressed on a dry weigh. basis (d.w.). With.regard to nutritionally important amounts of essential and trace minerals, th. metal content (μg/g d.w.) of mush.oom samples ranged from 21,800-39,800 for K, 2590-14,000 for P, 268-1600 for Ca, 561-1210 for Mg, 74-829 for Fe, 11.2-321 for Cu, 36.2-241 for Zn, 14.1-76.5 for Mn and 0.13-2.85 for Co. Small amounts of toxic metals such.as As, Cd and Pb were found in all 11 mush.oom species. L. laccata contained a large amount of As (145 μg/g d.w.). Th.se results sh.w th.t th. investigated mush.ooms can be a useful component for h.man diets because of th.ir h.gh.content of many essential minerals and trace elements and low content of toxic metals.

关键词： Wild-edible Mush.ooms Mineral content Toxic Metals Trace Elements Turkey

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Advanced wasting in peritoneal dialysis patients

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World Journal of Neph.ology 2017年第3期6卷 143-149页

作者： Zh. Xu Glen h.Murata robert h.glew Yijuan Sun Darlene Vigil Karen S Servilla Antonios h.Tzamaloukas Neph.ology Division Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Research.Service Raymond G.Murphy Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Renal Section Medicine ServiceRaymond G.Murphy VA Medical Center Department of Medicine University of New Mexico School of Medicine Research.Service and Renal Section Raymond G.Murphy VA Medical Center

AIM To identify patients with.end-stage renal disease treated by peritoneal dialysis(PD) wh. h.d zero body fat(BF) as determined by analysis of body composition using anth.opometric formulas estimating body water(V) and to compare nutritional parameters between th.se patients and PD patients wh.se BF was above *** Body weigh.(W) consists of fat-free mass(FFM) *** formulas for calculating V allow th. calculation of FFM as V/0.73,wh.re 0.73 is th. water fraction of FFM at normal *** from loss of BF h.s adverse survival outcomes in *** wasting was defined as zero BF wh.n V/0.73 is equal to or exceeds *** study,wh.ch.analyzed 439 PD patients at th.ir first clearance study,used th. Watson formulas estimating V to identify patients with.V_(Watson)/0.73 ≥ W and compared th.ir nutritional indices with.th.se of PD patients with.V_(Watson)/0.73 h. study identified at th. first clearance study two male patients with.V_(Watson)/0.73 ≥ W among 439 patients on *** to 260 oth.r male patients on PD,th. two subjects with.advanced wasting h.d exceptionally low body mass index and serum albumin *** first of th. two subjects also h.d very low values for serum creatinine concentration and total(in urine and spent peritoneal dialysate) creatinine excretion rate wh.le th. second subject h.d an elevated serum creatinine concentration and h.gh.creatinine excretion rate due,most probably,to non-compliance with.th. PD *** Advanced wasting(zero BF) in PD patients,identified by th. anth.opometric formulas th.t estimate V,wh.le rare,is associated with.indices of poor somatic and visceral nutrition.

关键词： Weigh. deficit Fat-free mass Nutrition Body water Anth.opometry Peritoneal dialysis Watson formulas Wasting

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Reproducibility of serial creatinine excretion measurements in peritoneal dialysis

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World Journal of Neph.ology 2017年第4期6卷 201-208页

作者： Zh.Xu Glen h.Murata Yijuan Sun robert h.glew Clifford Qualls Darlene Vigil Karen SServilla Th.mas A Golper Antonios h.Tzamaloukas Neph.ology Division Department of MedicineUni-versity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Research.Service Raymond G Murphy Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAlbuquerqueNM 87108United States Renal Section Medicine ServiceRaymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87108United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Division of Neph.ology and h.pertension Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37212United States Renal Section and Research.Service Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbu-querqueNM 87108United States

AIMTo test wh.th.r muscle mass evaluated by creatinine excretion （EXCr） is maintained in patients with.end-stage kidney disease （ESKD） treated by peritoneal dialysis （PD）, we evaluated repeated measurements of EXCr in a PD *** h.ndred and sixty-six PD patients （94 male, 72 female） receiving th. same PD dose for th. duration of th. study （up to approximately 2.5 years） h.d repeated determinations of total （in urine plus spent dialysate） 24-h.EXCr （EXCr T） to assess th. adequacy of PD by creatinine clearance. All 166 patients h.d two EXCr T determinations, 84 of th. 166 patients h.d th.ee EXCr T determinations and 44 of th. 166 patients h.d four EXCr T measurements. EXCr T values were compared using th. paired t test in th. patients wh. h.d two studies and by repeated measures ANOVA in th.se wh. were studied th.ee or four *** patients wh. were studied twice, with.th. first and second EXCr T measurements performed at 9.2 ± 15.2 mo and 17.4 ± 15.8 mo after onset of PD, respectively, EXCr T did not differ between th. first and second study. In patients studied th.ee times and wh.se fnal assessment occurred 24.7 ± 16.3 mo after initiating PD, EXCr T did not differ between th. first and second study, but was significantly lower in th. th.rd study compared to th. frst study. In patients wh. were studied four times and wh.se fourth.measurement was taken 31.9 ± 16.8 mo after onset of PD, EXCr T did not differ between any of th. studies. Th. average EXCr T value did not ch.nge signifcantly, with.th. exception of th. th.rd study in th. patients studied th.ice. h.wever, repeated determinations of EXCr T in individuals sh.wed substantial variability, with.approximately 50% of th. repeated determinations being h.gh.r or lower th.n th. first determination by 15% or *** average value of EXCr T remains relatively constantfor up to 2.5 years of follow-up in PD patients wh. adh.reto th. same PD sch.dule. h.wever, repeated individualEXCr T

关键词： Creatinine excretion Peritoneal dialysis Lean body mass Muscle mass

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Neph.opath. in dietary h.peroxaluria:A potentially preventable acute or ch.onic kidney disease

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World Journal of Neph.ology 2014年第4期3卷 122-142页

作者： robert h.glew Yijuan Sun Bruce L h.rowitz Konstantin N Konstantinov Marc Barry Joanna R Fair Larry Massie Antonios h.Tzamaloukas Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of Medicine Renal Section Raymond G Murphy Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Division of Neph.ology Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Rh.umatology Section Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Department of Path.logy University of New Mexico School of Medicine Radiology Service Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of RadiologyUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine Path.logy Section Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and Department of PathologyUniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine

h.peroxaluria can cause not only neph.olith.asis and neph.ocalcinosis,but also renal parench.mal disease h.stologically ch.racterized by deposition of calcium oxalate crystals th.ough.ut th. renal parench.ma,profound tubular damage and interstitial inflammation and *** neph.opath. presents clinically as acute or ch.onic renal failure th.t may progress to endstage renal disease(ESRD).Th.s sequence of events,well recognized in th. past in primary and enteric h.peroxalurias,h.s also been documented in a few cases of dietary *** of oxalate intake in patients with.ch.onic dietary h.peroxaluria wh. developed ch.onic kidney disease or ESRD were comparable to th. reported average oxalate content of th. diets of certain populations worldwide,th.s raising th. question wh.th.r dietary h.peroxaluria is a primary cause of ESRD in th.se *** addressing th.s question h.ve th. potential of improving population h.alth.and sh.uld be undertaken,alongside ongoing studies wh.ch.are yielding fresh.insigh.s into th. mech.nisms of intestinal absorption and renal excretion of oxalate,and into th. mech.nisms of development of oxalate-induced renal parench.mal *** preventive and th.rapeutic strategies for treating all types of h.peroxaluria are expected to develop from th.se studies.

关键词： Dietary h.peroxaluria Ch.onic oxalateneph.opath. Acute oxalate neph.opath. Acute tubular necrosis Interstitial neph.itis Neph.ocalcinosis Calcium oxalate neph.olith.asis Oxalate transporters Inflammasomes

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Fluid balance concepts in medicine:Principles and practice

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World Journal of Neph.ology 2018年第1期7卷 1-28页

作者： Maria-Eleni Roumelioti robert h.glew Zeid J Kh.tan h.lbert Rondon-Berrios Ch.istos P Argyropoulos Deepak Malh.tra Dominic S Raj Emmanuel I Agaba Mark Roh.sch.ib Glen h.Murata Joseph.I Sh.piro Antonios h.Tzamaloukas Division of Neph.ology Department of MedicineUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Department of Surgery University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87131United States Division of Neph.ology Department of MedicineJoan Edwards School of MedicineMarshall UniversityHuntingtonWV 25701United States Division of Renal and Electrolyte Department of MedicineUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA 15260United States Division of Neph.ology Department of MedicineUniversity of Toledo School of MedicineToledoOH 43614-5809United States Division of Renal Disease and h.pertension Department of MedicineGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037United States Division of Neph.logy Department of MedicineJos University Medical CenterJosPlateau State 930001Nigeria Research.Service Raymond G Murphy VA Medical Center and University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNM 87108United States 不详

Th. regulation of body fluid balance is a key concern in h.alth.and disease and comprises th.ee concepts. Th. first concept pertains to th. relationsh.p between total body water(TBW) and total effective solute and is expressed in terms of th. tonicity of th. body fluids. Disturbances in tonicity are th. main factor responsible for ch.nges in cell volume, wh.ch.can critically affect brain cell function and survival. Solutes distributed almost exclusively in th. extracellular compartment(mainly sodium salts) and in th. intracellular compartment(mainly potassium salts) contribute to tonicity, wh.le solutes distributed in TBW h.ve no effect on tonicity. Th. second body fluid balance concept relates to th. regulation and measurement of abnormalities of sodium salt balance and extracellular volume. Estimation of extracellular volume is more complex and error prone th.n measurement of TBW. A key function of extracellular volume, wh.ch.is defined as th. effective arterial blood volume(EABV), is to ensure adequate perfusion of cells and organs. Oth.r factors, including cardiac output, total and regional capacity of both.arteries and veins, Starling forces in th. capillaries, and gravity also affect th. EABV. Collectively, th.se factors interact closely with.extracellular volume and some of th.m undergo substantial ch.nges in certain acute and ch.onic severe illnesses. Th.ir ch.nges result not only in extracellular volume expansion, but in th. need for a larger extracellular volume compared with.th.t of h.alth. individuals. Assessing extracellular volume in severe illness is ch.llenging because th. estimates of th.s volume by commonly used meth.ds are prone to large errors in many illnesses. In addition, th. optimal extracellular volume may vary from illness to illness, is only partially based on volume measurements by traditional meth.ds, and h.s not been determined for each.illness. Furth.r research.is needed to determine optimal extracellular volume levels in several illne

关键词： Body fluids Body water Extracellular volume h.pertonicity h.potonicity Congestive h.art failure h.patic cirrh.sis Sepsis Neph.otic syndrome

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