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A Comparative Study of the Local Heat transfer Distributions Around Various Surface Mounted Obstacles

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Journal of thermal Science 2014年第2期23卷 169-176页

作者： robert Wyssmann Dirk Ullmer Alexandros terzis Peter Ott Group of thermal turbomachinery(Gtt) cole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)SCI-STI-POCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland

In many engineering applications,heat transfer enhancement techniques are of vital importance in order to ensure reliable thermal designs of convective heat transfer *** study examines experimentally the heat transfer characteristics on the base plate around various surface mounted *** convection coefficients are evaluated in the vicinity of each individual protruding body with great spatial resolution using the transient liquid crystal *** different obstacles of constant height-to-hydraulic diameter ratio(~1.3) are *** include:a cylinder,a square,a triangle,a diamond and a vortex generator of delta wing shape *** experiments were carried out over a range of freestream Reynolds numbers,based on the hydraulic diameter of each obstacle,varying from 4,000 to 13,*** results indicate a negligible effect of the flow speed on the heat transfer topological structure and a considerable effect of the obstacle geometry on the level and distribution of heat transfer enhancement.

关键词：表面贴装强化传热技术热分布空间分辨率涡流发生器障碍物对流换热对流系数

雷达的韧性、适应性和容量,以及反馈控制的重要性

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上海航天(中英文) 1987年第4期 15-18页

作者： robert t.Hill ,自力

雷达的作用是向其他系统提供信息,这是不会改变的.现在雷达采用了各种技术,这使雷达比以往任何时候都更经常地采用反馈控制方法来获得韧性、适应性和容量.使雷达对已取得的数据起反应,使反馈控制技术的全部效益发挥出来,只有这样才能设... 详细信息

雷达的作用是向其他系统提供信息,这是不会改变的.现在雷达采用了各种技术,这使雷达比以往任何时候都更经常地采用反馈控制方法来获得韧性、适应性和容量.使雷达对已取得的数据起反应,使反馈控制技术的全部效益发挥出来,只有这样才能设计出更为有价值的雷达来.

关键词： 1.雷达——性能分析 2.反馈控制系统:闭环控制 3.闭环控制:反馈控制系统 4.相控阵雷达——设计

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冲刷作用下砂土地层中桩的侧向力学性质分析

南方能源建设 2018年第2期5卷 24-36页

作者：林城韩杰 Caroline bennett robert PARSONS 加拿大维多利亚大学土木工程系美国堪萨斯大学土木环境与建筑系

[目的]冲刷是在水流以及波浪作用下土体流失的一个过程,它通常发生在桥梁、港口码头、以及海岸平台等结构的基础周围,造成基础的承载力下降,危及上部结构的安全。目前在分析桩的侧向力学行为时,只考虑了冲刷深度对桩的侧向承载力的影响... 详细信息

[目的]冲刷是在水流以及波浪作用下土体流失的一个过程,它通常发生在桥梁、港口码头、以及海岸平台等结构的基础周围,造成基础的承载力下降,危及上部结构的安全。目前在分析桩的侧向力学行为时,只考虑了冲刷深度对桩的侧向承载力的影响,而忽略了冲刷形成的冲刷孔的影响。事实上,冲刷孔的几何形状不仅包括冲刷深度、还包括了冲刷孔的宽度以及冲刷孔的坡度。目前,工程设计中广泛采用的侧向桩分析方法,即p-y曲线方法无法考虑冲刷孔三维几何形状对桩的侧向力学性质的影响。[方法]针对这个问题,文章提出了一种修正的p-y曲线方法以用于分析砂土地层中桩在冲刷作用下的侧向力学响应。[结果]该方法改进了基于锲形体破坏模型的Reese p-y曲线法,从而能考虑冲刷孔三维几何形状的影响。将计算得到的结果与三维有限差分数值分析的结果进行了比较,验证该修正方法的可靠性。[结论]计算结果表明:在冲刷孔的几何形状参数里,冲刷深度对桩的侧向力学性质的影响最大,其次是冲刷孔的宽度与坡度。忽略冲刷孔几何形状的影响,桩在地面位置的侧向位移会增加49%~68%。

关键词：侧向位移侧向力数值方法桩

Children and Workers Well-Being in Belgian French-Speaking Primary Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Health 2023年第6期15卷 676-694页

作者： Kelly Cremer Julie Frère Olga Chatzis Benoît Kabamba Florence Renard Mathilde De Keukeleire Ricardo De Mendonca Dimitri Van der Linden Annie robert Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Faculty of Public Health UCLouvain Brussels Belgium Department of Pediatric Pediatric Infectious Diseases CHU Liège Liège Belgium Department of Pediatric Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialized Pediatric Service Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Brussels Belgium Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique UCLouvain Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Brussels Belgium Office de la Naissance et de l’Enfance Brussels Belgium Department of Pathology Erasme University Hospital Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) H&#244pital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) CUB H&#244pital Erasme Brussels Belgium

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of measures were taken worldwide to limit the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and in many ways, changed human life. All these measures had harmful consequences and impacted the well-being of many people. Children were one of the most vulnerable groups. We conducted the present study to assess children’s and staff’s well-being in French-speaking primary schools in Belgium during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A 37-question questionnaire for each child based on the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and a 14-question questionnaire for each staff based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale was undertaken in order to assess the well-being. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationship between RCMAS or HAD and other explanatory variables. Staff reported their perception of their current life and their future life in 5 years on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: A total of 231 children and 221 staff in 11 primary schools answered the well-being questionnaire between January and May 2021. 53% (122/231) of children had symptoms of anxiety. Girls reported more anxiety symptoms than boys (≥10: 59%;Adj OR = 2.25;95% CI [1.28;4.03]). 52% (120/231) of children had a definite state of social desirability. According to age, the youngest (6 - 7 years) children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 71%;Adj OR = 3.44;95% CI [1.53;8.09]) compared to the oldest (10 - 12 years). Children who did not practice outdoor/street activities were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 60%;Adj OR = 2.59;95% CI [1.38;4.99]). In schools with a higher local incidence of SARS-CoV-2, children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 64%;Adj OR = 2.15;95% CI [1.13;4.17]). In schools with a lower socioeconomic status, children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 72%;Adj OR = 2.74;95% CI [1.23;6.37]). Higher RCMAS anxiety (r = −0.18;p −0.23;p −0.20

关键词： COVID-19 Well-Being Children Schools

Chemogenetic activation of G12 signaling enhances adipose tissue browning

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Signal transduction and targeted therapy 2023年第9期8卷 3923-3926页

作者： Yuki Ono Ryo Ito Kaito Arai Gurdeep Singh tsuyoshi Saitoh robert BRussell Francesco Raimondi Junken Aoki Juro Sakai Asuka Inoue Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8578Japan Division of Molecular Physiology and Metabolism Graduate School of MedicineTohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8574Japan Bioquant Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 26769120 HeidelbergGermany Biochemie Zentrum Heidelberg(BZH) Heidelberg UniversityIm Neuenheimer Feld 32869120 HeidelbergGermany International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine(WPI-IIIS) University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8575Japan Laboratorio di Biologia Bio@SNS Scuola Normale SuperiorePiazza dei Cavalieri 7Pisa 56126Italy Department of Health Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Division of Metabolic Medicine Research Center for Advanced Science and TechnologyThe University of TokyoMeguro-kuTokyo 153-8904Japan

Dear Editor,Beige adipocytes,which increase energy expenditure by dissipating energy as heat,have gained attention as a therapeutic target for combating obesity.1 Adipocytes express many types of G-protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs),each of which has a unique preference for the Gs,Gi,Gq,and G12 *** the function of Gs-coupledβ-adrenergic receptors in beige adipocyte induction is well established,2 little is known about the function of G12-coupled GPCRs beyond its suppressive roles in white adipocyte maturation.3 In this study,we generated transgenic mice conditionally expressing a G12-coupled designer GPCR using a Cre-loxP system and investigated the potential effects of G12 signaling on adipocyte biology.

关键词： activation gained expressing

Relatives of rubella virus in diverse mammals

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第1期43卷 129-129页

作者： Andrew J bennett Department of Pathobiological Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda USA Leidos Reston USA Genomics and Bioinformatics Department Biological Defense Research Directorate Naval Medical Research Center–Frederick Fort Detrick Frederick USA Institute of Diagnostic Virology Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany State Office for Agriculture Food Safety and Fisheries Rostock Germany Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Insel Riems Greifswald-Insel Riems Germany Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Fort Detrick Frederick USA Global Health Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison USA

Since 1814,when rubella was first described,the origins of the disease and its causative agent,rubella virus(Matonaviridae:Rubivirus),have remained *** we describe ruhugu virus and rustrela virus in Africa and Europe,respectively,which are,to our knowledge,the first known relatives of rubella *** virus,which is the closest relative of rubella virus,was found in apparently healthy cyclops leaf-nosed bats(Hipposideros cyclops)in *** virus,which is an outgroup to the clade that comprises rubella and ruhugu viruses,was found in acutely encephalitic placental and marsupial animals at a zoo in Germany and in wild yellow-necked field mice(Apodemus flavicollis)at and near the *** and rustrela viruses share an identical genomic architecture with rubella virus2,3.

关键词： yellow identical rubella

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Children and Workers from Belgian French-Speaking Primary Schools

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Health 2023年第9期15卷 917-937页

作者： Kelly Cremer Julie Frère Olga Chatzis Ricardo De Mendonca Benoît Kabamba Florence Renard Mathilde De Keukeleire Dimitri Van der Linden Annie robert Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Faculty of Public Health Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium Pediatric Infectious Diseases Pediatric Department CHU Liège Liège Belgium Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialized Pediatric Service Pediatric Department Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Brussels Belgium Department of Pathology Erasme University Hospital Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) H&#244pital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB) CUB H&#244pital Erasme Brussels Belgium Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Université Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium Department of Microbiology Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Brussels Belgium Office de la Naissance et de L’enfance Brussels Belgium

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, closing schools was discussed to limit the virus transmission, despite a lack of evidence on the role of young children in the virus spread. We undertook a study among Belgian primary schools to assess the SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and its relationship with local incidence, school size, and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: Schools were purposively selected using three criteria: an area with either a low or a high COVID-19 incidence, either a small or a large size, and either a low or a high SES. 932 (/2488, 38%) children and 242 (/444, 55%) staff signed informed consent. COVID-19 antibodies were tested using rapid finger prick tests. Results: Children participation was positively correlated with staff (r = +0.33;95% CI [−0.34;0.78]), and strongly with SES (r = +0.81;95% CI [0.40;0.95]). Seroprevalence was 21% in children (191/922) and 25% in staff (61/240). Seroprevalence did not correlate with local cumulative incidence (children: r = +0.06;95% CI [−0.59;0.67];staff: r = +0.26;95% CI [−0.40;0.74]). In staff, seroprevalence was higher in schools with higher SES (r = +0.37;95% CI [−0.29;0.79]), but not in children (r = −0.10;95% CI [−0.66;0.53]). Conclusion:the lower seroprevalence in children suggests they are lower transmitters than adults, but poor socioeconomic levels were less representative.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Children Schools Seroprevalence Socioeconomic Status Belgium

Performance evaluation of near real-time condition monitoring in haul trucks

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International Journal of Mining Science and technology 2020年第6期30卷 909-915页

作者： Hemanth Reddy Alla robert Hall Derek B.Apel University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2H5Canada

Strategic maintenance plays a key role in ensuring high availability and utilization of the haul trucks,and as equipment began to grow more complex towards the end of the 20th century,there was a need for a proactive maintenance strategy,which led to the development of condition-based *** condition monitoring(RtCM)is the ability to perform condition monitoring in real-time and has the ability to alert maintenance and operations of abnormal *** alarms can be used as an indication leading to a problem,and if a suitable corrective action is initiated in time,it could result in significant savings of equipment downtime and repair *** study aims to compare some maintenance performance indicators prior to and after implementation of RtCM strategy at a mine site using some tests of statistical *** study also indicated the presence of seasonality in the data,and thus the data was deseasonalized and detrended prior to being subjected to the statistical ***,the results indicated that RtCM strategy has proven to be successful in improving the availability for some of the failure categories chosen in this study.

关键词： Haul trucks Real-time condition monitoring Performance indicators

Glyoxylate Reductase Isoform 1 is Localized in the Cytosol and Not Peroxisomes in Plant Cells

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第3期54卷 152-168页

作者： Steven L. K. Ching Satinder K. Gidda Amanda Rochon Owen R. van Cauwenberghe Barry J. Shelp robert t. Mullen Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada Department of Plant Agriculture University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada

Glyoxylate reductase （GLYR） is a key enzyme in plant metabolism which catalyzes the detoxification of both photorespiratory glyoxylate and succinic semialdehdye, an intermediate of the γ-aminobutyrate （GABA） pathway. two isoforms of GLYR exist in plants, GLYR1 and GLYR2, and while GLYR2 is known to be localized in plastids, GLYR1 has been reported to be localized in either peroxisomes or the cytosol. Here, we reappraised the intracellular localization of GLYR1 in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh （ecotype Lansberg erecta） using both transiently-transformed suspension cells and stably-transformed plants, in combination with fluorescence microscopy. the results indicate that GLYR1 is localized exclusively to the cytosol regardless of the species, tissue and/or cell type, or exposure of plants to environmental stresses that would increase flux through the GABA pathway. Moreover, the C-terminal tripeptide sequence of GLYR1, -SRE, despite its resemblance to a type 1 peroxisomal targeting signal, is not sufficient for targeting to peroxisomes. Collectively, these results define the cytosol as the intracellular location of GLYR1 and provide not only important insight to the metabolic roles of GLYR1 and the compartmentation of the GABA and photorespiratory pathways in plant cells, but also serve as a useful reference for future studies of proteins proposed to be localized to peroxisomes and/or the cytosol.

关键词： Arabidopsis GABA GLYR1 cytosol photobleaching peroxisome PtS stress tobacco BY-2.