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Genome resequencing reveals the evolutionary history of garlic reproduction traits

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Horticulture Research 2023年第11期10卷 208-221页

作者： Haiping Wang Einat Shemesh-Mayer Jiangjiang Zhang Song Gao Zheng Zeng Zemao Yang Xueyu Zhang Huixia Jia Yanzhou Wang Jiangping Song Xiaohui Zhang Wenlong Yang Qiaoyun He Amir Sherman Lin Li rina kamenetsky Touming Liu State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding Institute of Vegetables and FlowersChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingChina Institute of Plant Sciences Agricultural Research Organization-The Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael Institute of Bast Fiber Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaChina College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina Industrial Research Institute of garlic(IBFC-Jinxiang) JinxiangChina College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina

The propagation of cultivated garlic relies on vegetative cloves,thus flowers become non-essential for reproduction in this species,driving the evolution of reproductive feature-derived *** obtain insights into the evolutionary alteration of reproductive traits in the clonally propagated garlic,the evolutionary histories of two main reproduction-related traits,bolting and flower differentiation,were explored by genome analyses using 134 accessions displaying wide diversity in these two *** identified 272.8 million variations in the garlic genome,198.0million of which represent novel *** analysis identified five garlic groups that have evolved into two *** expression,single-cell transcriptome sequencing,and genome-wide trait association analyses have identified numerous candidates that correlate with reproductive transition and flower development,some of which display distinct selection *** forces acting on the B-box zinc finger protein-encoding Asa2G00291.1,the global transcription factor group E protein-encoding Asa5G01527.1,and VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3-like Asa3G03399.1 appear to be representative of the evolution of garlic *** of novel genomic variations and trait-related candidates represent valuable resources for biological studies of *** selective signatures from genes associated with the two chosen reproductive traits provide important insights into the evolutionary history of reproduction in this clonally propagated crop.

关键词： traits evolutionary signature

Effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis and leaf traits in saplings of two evergreen conifers,Abies veitchii and ***

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 460-469页

作者： rina Suzuki Koichi Takahashi Department of Science Graduate School of Science and TechnologyShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceShinshu UniversityMatsumoto 390-8621Japan Department of Mountain Ecosystem Institute for Mountain ScienceShinshu UniversityAsahi 3-1-1Matsumoto 390-8621Japan

Aims Subalpine coniferous species are distributed over a wide range of elevations in which they must contend with stressful conditions,such as high elevations and extended periods of *** evergreen coniferous species,Abies veitchii and Abies mariesii,dominate at low and high elevations,respectively,in the subalpine zone,central *** aim of this study is to examine the effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthetic rates through changes in morphological and physiological leaf traits in the two *** We here examined effects of leaf age,elevation and light conditions on photosynthesis,and leaf traits in *** and *** of the two conifers were sampled in the understory and canopy gaps at their lower(1600 m)and upper(2300 m)distribution *** Findings The two species showed similar responses to leaf age and different responses to elevation and light conditions in photosynthesis and leaf *** maximum photosynthetic rate of *** is correlated negatively with leaf mass per area(LMA)and non-structural carbohydrate(NSC)*** increased at high elevations in the two species,whereas NSC concentrations increased only in ***,the maximum photosynthetic rate of *** decreased at high ***,maximum photosynthetic rates correlate positively with nitrogen concentration in both *** the understory,leaf nitrogen concentrations decreased and increased in *** and ***,*** decreased and the chlorophyll-to-nitrogen ratio increased in understory conditions only for ***,suggesting it has a higher light-capture efficiency in dark conditions than does *** study concluded that *** has more shade-tolerant photosynthetic and leaf traits and its photosynthetic rate is less affected by elevation compared with ***,allowing *** to survive in the understory and to dominate at high elevations.

关键词： leaf chlorophyll leaf mass per area leaf nitrogen non-structural carbohydrate concentration stable carbon–isotope ratio

ChatGPT is a Remarkable Tool—For Experts

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 240-296页

作者： Amos Azaria rina Azoulay Shulamit Reches School of Computer Science Ariel UniversityIsrael Department of Computer Science Jerusalem College of TechnologyIsrael Department of Mathematics Jerusalem College of TechnologyIsrael

This paper investigates the capabilities of ChatGPT as an automated assistant in diverse domains,including scientific writing,mathematics,education,programming,and *** explore the potential of ChatGPT to enhance productivity,streamline problem-solving processes,and improve writing ***,we highlight the potential risks associated with excessive reliance on ChatGPT in these *** limitations encompass factors like incorrect and fictitious responses,inaccuracies in code,limited logical reasoning abilities,overconfidence,and critical ethical concerns of copyright and privacy *** outline areas and objectives where ChatGPT proves beneficial,applications where it should be used judiciously,and scenarios where its reliability may be *** light of observed limitations,and given that the tool's fundamental errors may pose a special challenge for non-experts,ChatGPT should be used with a strategic *** drawing from comprehensive experimental studies,we offer methods and flowcharts for effectively using *** recommendations emphasize iterative interaction with ChatGPT and independent verification of its *** the importance of utilizing ChatGPT judiciously and with expertise,we recommend its usage for experts who are well-versed in the respective domains.

关键词： limitations utilizing Tool

“Athl-Ethics”:Virtue Training in Mencius and Aristotle

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2019年第1期14卷 152-170页

作者： rina Marie Camus General Education Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China

The late Zhou of China and the Classical age of Greece both saw great impetus in intellectual thought and were marked by intense warfare. Being closely linked to warfare in antiquity, sports was a vital, commonplace activity whose jargon and practices naturally informed philosophical discourses. One can thus observe convergences between athletics and ethics in texts which took shape in these times and places, a phenomenon which I shall refer to as "athl-ethics." In this paper, I separately examine and then compare athl-ethic phenomenon in Mencius and in the Nicomachean Ethics. Both texts are rife with sports metaphors. I regard the use of sports-derived imagery as a thin form of athl-ethicism. Sports, however, did more than inspire useful analogies. Physical training and competition were considered occasions for nourishing and practicing virtue. This generated thicker forms of athl-ethicism.

关键词： athl-ethics sports moral philosophy Mencius Aristotle

Discontinuous-Galerkin-Based Analysis of Traffic Flow Model Connected with Multi-Agent Traffic Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第9期128卷 949-965页

作者： rina Okuyama Naoto Mitsume Hideki Fujii Hideaki Uchida The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo113-8656Japan University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 TennodaiTsukuba CityIbaraki305-8577Japan

As the number of automobiles continues to increase year after year,the associated problem of traffic congestion has become a serious societal *** to mitigate this problem have considered methods for optimizing traffic volumes in wide-area road networks,and traffic-flow simulation has become a focus of interest as a technique for advance characterization of such *** of models commonly used for traffic-flow simulations include microscopic models based on discrete vehicle representations,macroscopic models that describe entire traffic-flow systems in terms of average vehicle densities and velocities,and mesoscopic models and hybrid(or multiscale)models incorporating both microscopic and macroscopic *** traffic-flow simulations are designed to model traffic systems under a variety of conditions,their underlyingmodelsmust be capable of rapidly capturing the consequences of minor variations in operating *** other words,the computation speed of macroscopic models and the precise representation of microscopic models are needed ***,in this study we propose a multiscale model that combines a microscopic model—for detailed analysis of subregions containing traffic congestion bottlenecks or other localized phenomena of interest-with a macroscopic model enabling simulation of wide target areas at a modest computational *** addition,to ensure analytical stability with robustness in the presence of discontinuities,we discretize our macroscopic model using a discontinuous Galerkin finite element method(DGFEM),while to conjoin microscopic and macroscopic models,we use a generating/absorbing sponge layer,a technique widely used for numerical analysis of long-wavelength phenomena in shallow water,to enable traffic-flow simulations with stable input and output regions.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin finite element method multiscale modeling traffic flow

The Wiseman and the Sage： Metaphysics as Wisdom in Aristotle and the Neo-Confucian School of Pdnciple

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2013年第1期8卷 120-139页

作者： rina Marie Camus Department of Philosophy National Chengehi University Taipei 11605 China

Among scholars of classical philosophy in the West, it is not uncommon to hesitate about the existence of metaphysics in non-Western philosophical traditions. At times, the dilemma seems due to culture-specific ideas or standards about what metaphysics is or how it should be done. Other times the problem seems to lie in a general lack of awareness about the methods and approaches of divergent philosophical traditions. This article explores an often ignored Aristotelian notion of metaphysics： That it is wisdom. If we acknowledge wisdom to be a common value or ideal found in different cultures, then characterizing metaphysics as wisdom promises to be more inclusive than prevalent ideas about it, being broad enough to allow for the appreciation of metaphysical insights and achievements in non-Western schools. I first examine Aristotle＇s account of what wisdom consists of. I shall then test the inclusivity of this conception of metaphysics by showing how its characteristic features are manifest in the Neo-Confucian ideal of sagely learning.

关键词： metaphysics wisdom principle theory Aristotle Neo-ConfucianSchool of Principle

Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes of four planktonic foraminiferal species from core-top sediments of the Indonesian throughflow region and their significance

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2016年第10期35卷 63-75页

作者： ZHANG Peng ZURAIDA rina XU Jian YANG Ce State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Institute of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Department of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi'an 710069China Marine Geology Institute Bandung 40174Indonesia

Horizontal and vertical distributions of δ^18 and δ^13 were investigated in shells of four planktonic foraminiferal species, Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer, Pulleniatina obliquiloculata and Neogloboquedrina dutertrei, from a total of 62 core-top sediment samples from the Indonesian throughflow region. Results were compared to modern hydrologic conditions in order to explore potential of proxies in reconstructing fluvial discharge and upper ocean water column characteristics in this region. Our results show that, in the Makassar Strait, both of depleted δ^18 and δ^13 of these four species were linked to freshwater input. In the Bali Sea,however, depleted δ^18 and δ^13 for these species may be due to different reasons. Depleted δ^18 was a result of freshwater input and as well influenced by along-shore currents while depleted δ^13 was more likely due to the Java-Sumatra upwelling. Comparison of shell δ^18 records and hydrographic data of World Ocean Atlas 2005 suggests that G. ruber and G. sacculifer calcify within the mixed-layer, respectively at 0–50 m and 20–75 m water depth, and P. obliquiloculata and N. dutertrei within the upper thermocline, both at 75–125 m water depth. *** calcifies at slightly deeper water depth than P. obliquiloculata does. In general, δ^13 values of both *** and G. sacculifer are larger than those of P. obliquiloculata and N. dutertrei at all sites, possibly related to depth habitats of these species and vertical distribution of nutrients in the Indonesian throughflow region.

关键词： planktonic foraminiferal δ^18O and δ^13C calcification depth freshwater input Java-Sumatra upwelling Indonesian throughflow region

Design and prediction for highly efficient SO_(2) capture from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids

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Green Energy & Environment 2022年第1期7卷 130-136页

作者： Lili Jiang Ke Mei Kaihong Chen rina Dao Haoran Li Congmin Wang Department of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

An efficient method for prediction in the capture of SO_(2)from flue gas by imidazolium ionic liquids was reported,where the concentration of SO_(2)is 2000 *** the basis of quantitative calculations through a combination of Langmuir simulation,theoretical calculation and quantum chemical method,SO_(2)absorption and desorption performance from flue gas by twelve kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids with different anions were designed and ***,among them,five kinds of imidazolium ionic liquids were chosen and prepared to investigate their behavior of SO_(2)absorption capacity,desorption residue,and available absorption *** results indicated that the experimental values were in good agreement with the predicted ***,an ideal ionic liquid[Emim][Tetz]was obtained through the predictive method for the capture of SO_(2)of 2000 ppm,which showed high available absorption capacity of 0.24 g SO_(2)per g ionic liquid and excellent reversibility.

关键词： Ionic liquids Desulfurization Quantum calculation Langmuir simulation Prediction

Post Earthquake Uses of Space in Bhaktapur,Nepal for Sustainable Tourism

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Post Earthquake Uses of Space in Bhaktapur,Nepal for Sustain...

作者： rina Shrestha 天津大学

学位级别：硕士

This Research was based on comparative observation and recommendation by addressing the issue of open space management on post earthquake for overwhelming sustainable *** is about to intricate linkages between the open space and tourism,highlighting the impact on tourism sectors after the devastation in Bhaktapur with earthquake happened on 25 th April 2015 in *** Cultural Heritage is one of the most popular tourist areas in *** 95% of the heritages and houses were damaged and spaces are full with garbage of houses *** show that there is growing demand and the uses space for sustainable tourism in ***,here the further question that will be looked upon is how do we preserved these traditional heritage spaces so that it retains its traditional being and keep up with the modern tourist *** this thesis,qualitative approach has been *** gain initial insight for sustainable tourism online material related with tourism,heritage and culture,open space and about the earthquake 2015 were *** the purpose of the study,open ended questions for interview,was *** the study purpose,data published by National Planning Commission in PDNA,Bhaktapur Tourism Board Committee,Nepal Tourism Board,District Development Committee Bhaktapur and various research works from other researcher’s relating to the same field were also *** collected data were analyzed by making contextual *** thesis draws on a number of sources from other organization’s practices as *** conclusion,the thesis shows the result of this *** has made contribution on the recovery process that is undergoing along with the issues of finding the use of open space and preserve traditional heritage spaces with a comparison on what has to be done for the overall purpose of sustainable tourism at Bhaktapur.

关键词： Post Disaster Sustainable Tourism Open Space Earthquake Heritage Bhaktapur Nepal