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Colonic lesion characterization in inflammatory bowel disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第10期24卷 1167-1180页

作者： richard Lord Nicholas e Burr Noor Mohammed Venkataraman Subramanian Department of Gastroenterology Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom University of Leeds Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical SciencesLeeds LS97TFUnited Kingdom

AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis for the diagnostic accuracy of in vivo lesion characterization in colonic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), using optical imaging techniques, including virtual chromoendoscopy(VCe), dye-based chromoendoscopy(DBC), magnification endoscopy and confocal laser endomicroscopy(CLe). MeTHODS We searched Medline, embase and the Cochrane library. We performed a bivariate meta-analysis to calculate the pooled estimate sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative likelihood ratios(+LHR,-LHR), diagnostic odds ratios(DOR), and area under the SROC curve(AUSROC) for each technology group. A subgroup analysis was performed to investigate differences in real-time nonmagnified Kudo pit patterns(with VCe and DBC) and real-time *** We included 22 studies [1491 patients; 4674 polyps, of which 539(11.5%) were neoplastic]. Real-time CLe had a pooled sensitivity of 91%(95%CI: 66%-98%), specificity of 97%(95%CI: 94%-98%), and an AUSROC of 0.98(95%CI: 0.97-0.99). Magnification endoscopy had a pooled sensitivity of 90%(95%CI: 77%-96%)and specificity of 87%(95%CI: 81%-91%). VCe had a pooled sensitivity of 86%(95%CI: 62%-95%) and specificity of 87%(95%CI: 72%-95%). DBC had a pooled sensitivity of 67%(95%CI: 44%-84%) and specificity of 86%(95%CI: 72%-94%). CONCLUSION Real-time CLe is a highly accurate technology for differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic lesions in patients with colonic IBD. However, most CLe studies were performed by single expert users within tertiary centres, potentially confounding these results.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease dysplasia Lesion characterization Confocal laser endomicroscopy Narrow band imaging I-scan Fujinon intelligence chromoendoscopy

The aggressive invasion of exotic reptiles in Florida with a focus on prominent species： A review

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Current Zoology 2011年第5期57卷 599-612页

作者： richard eNGeMAN elliott JACOBSON Michael L. AVeRY Walter e. MeSHAKA, Jr. USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Ctr 4101 LaPorte Ave. Fort Collins CO 80521-2154 USA College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville FL 32610 USA USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Ctr 2820 East University Ave. Gainesville FL 32641 USA The State Museum of Pennsylvania 300 North Street Harrisburg Pennsylvania 17120 USA

Florida, along with Hawaii, has among the two worst invasive species problems in the USA, and the state is espe-cially susceptible to establishment by alien reptiles. Besides the large numbers of established non-native reptile species in Florida, many of these species present novel difficulties for management, or have other characteristics making effective management ex-tremely challenging. Moreover, initiation of management action requires more than recognition by experts that a potentially harmful species has become established. It also requires the political will along with concomitant resources and appropriate per-sonnel to develop effective methods and apply them. We review the situation in Florida, including assessment of risk for estab- lishment, and we use a subset of prominent species to illustrate in more detail the array of invasive reptile species circumstances in Florida, including routes of introduction, impacts, and potential and implemented management actions. These examples not only highlight the severity of the invasive reptile problems in the state, but they also show the diversity in resolve and response towards them and the motivating factors [Current Zoology 57 （5）： 599-612, 2011].

关键词： Argentine black and white tegus Biophysical ecology Burmese pythons Control Green and spiny-tailed iguanas,Invasive species Nile monitors Northern curlytail lizards

epidemiological, Clinical Progress Aspects of Congenital Heart Disease with Neonatal Revelation at the Mother-Child Hospital of Bingerville (HMe) Concerning 98 Cases from January 2021 to December 2022 (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 89-100页

作者： Adja evelyne Akaffou-Gbery richard Azagoh-Kouadio Anne-Lise Laetitia Mobio Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby Serenah Marie Janice N’vrah Anoh Kouassi Raoul Yao Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology H&#244pital Mère-Enfant de Bingerville (HME) Bingerville C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Medical Pediatrics and Specialties CHU de Angré Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction The distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in sub-Saharan Africa is highly imprecise and varies from one region to another due to the inequality of diagnostic facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the in-hospital prevalence of congenital heart disease in children at the Mother-Child hospital of Bingerville (HMe) by specifying the diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study at HMe of Bingerville from January 2021 to December 2022. All newborns with congenital heart disease confirmed by echocardiography were included in the study. Results Of 656 admissions to the neonatology department over the study period, congenital heart disease accounted for 14.9% (98/656) of cases. In our series, 76.7% were diagnosed before the 1st week of life, with a mean chronological age of 5.18 days and extremes of 0 and 46 days. There were as many male patients (50%) as female (50%), i.e. a sex ratio of 1. These newborns were premature in 60.2% of cases, with a mean and median gestational age of 34 weeks’ amenorrhea. Most were left-right shunts (90.8%). Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (48.9%) predominated, followed by atrial septal defect (38.7%), ventricular septal defect (13.3%), common trunk artery (CTA) (3.1%) and open septal pulmonary atresia (OSPA) (1%) as the primary cyanogenic heart disease. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (50%) was primary in 38.8% and secondary (61.2%). The mortality rate was 30.6%, and all CTA patients died (100%), with a significant statistical relationship (p = 0.027). Progression under treatment was marked by clinical stabilization (68/98) in 69.4% of cases. Conclusion: Congenital heart disease is relatively common at the Bingerville HMe. Access to echocardiography should be facilitated in neonatology departments for rapid diagnosis and optimal management of congenital heart disease in newborns.

关键词： Newborn Congenital Heart Disease Côte d’Ivoire

Polarization variability arising from clumps in the winds of Wolf-Rayet stars

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第5期9卷 558-576页

作者： Qing-Kang Li Joseph e Cassinelli John C. Brown richard Ignace Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Department of Astronomy University of Wisconsin-Madison 53711 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ Scotland UK Department of Physics and Astronomy Eastern Tennessee State University USA

Polarimetric and photometric variability of Wolf-Rayet （WR） stars as caused by clumps in the winds is revisited. In our model, which is improved from Li et al., radial expansion of the thickness is accounted for, but we retain dependence on the β velocity law and stellar occultation effects. We again search for parameters that can yield results consistent with observations in regards to the mean polarization p, the ratio R = σp/σphot of polarimetric to photometric variability and the volume filling factor fV. Clump generation and spatial distribution are randomized by the Monte Carlo method so as to produce clumps which are, in the mean, distributed uniformly in space and have time intervals that obey a Gaussian distribution. The generated clumps move radially outward with a velocity law determined by a β index, and the angular size of clumps is assumed to be fixed. By fitting the observed σp/σphot and the volume filling factor fv, clump velocity taw index β （- 2） and clump ejection rate .N （- 1） are inferred, and are found to be well constrained. In addition, the subpeak features of broad emission lines seem to support the clump ejection rate. Meanwhile, the fraction of total mass loss rate that is contained in clumps is obtained by fitting observed polarization. We conclude that this picture of the clumps＇ properties produces a valuable diagnostic of WR wind structure.

关键词： stars mass loss -- stars Wolf-Rayet -- stars winds, outflows

explicit and Parameterized episodes of Warm-Season Precipitation over the Continental United States

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2006年第1期23卷 91-105页

作者： Mitchell W. MONCRIeFF John D. TUTTLe richard e. CARBONe National Center for Atmospheric Research BoulderColorado 80307-3000U. S. A.

This paper describes explicit and parameterized simulations of midsummer precipitation over the continental United States for two distinct episodes： moderate large-scale forcing and weak forcing. The objective is to demonstrate the capability of explicit convection at currently affordable grid-resolution and compare it with parameterized realizations. Under moderate forcing, 3-kin grid-resolution explicit simulations represent rainfall coherence remarkably well. The observed daily convective generation near the Continental Divide and the subsequent organization and propagation are reproduced qualitatively. The propagation speed, zonal extent and duration of the rainfall streaks compare favorably with their observed counterparts, although the streak frequency is underestimated. The simulations at -10-km grid-resolution applying conventional convective parameterization schemes also replicate reasonably well the diurnal convective regeneration in moderate forcing. The performance of the 3-km grid-resolution model demonstrates the potential of -1-km-resolution explicit cloud-resolving models for the prediction of warm season precipitation for moderately forced environments. In weak forcing conditions, however, predictions of precipitation coherence and diurnal variability are much poorer. This suggests that an even finer resolution explicit model is required to adequately treat convective initiation and upscale organization typical of the warm season over the continental U.S.

关键词： warm-season precipitation explicit simulation convective parameterization

Stipitate hydnoid fungi of the temperate southeastern United States

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第5期62卷 41-114页

作者： richard Baird Lisa e.Wallace Gerald Baker Mary Scruggs Department of Biochemistry Molecular BiologyEntomology and Plant PathologyMississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Department of Biological Sciences Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA

An 11 year study was conducted to reevaluate the species of stipitate hydnums from the southern United States especially the Great Smoky Mountains and surrounding *** genera evaluated included Bankera herein reduced to synonym with Phellodon,Hydnellum,Sarcodon,and *** of many stipitate hydnum species from this region were abundant but nitrogen depositions during the last 20 years have impacted their *** it became critical to do a definitive study of these fungi using current taxonomic *** species within Hydnellum and Phellodon have a indeterminate type growth often dependant on environmental conditions making discrimination between closely related species difficult without supportive molecular sequence *** sequence data(ITS)was obtained a phylogenetic analyzes were conducted and the sequences were compared to those in GenBank with particular attention to european data.A total of 41 distinct taxa were determined and many of those were confirmed based on morphological data.A specific new combination from Bankera fuligineoalbum to Phellodon fuligineoalbus is made ***,Phellodon brunneoolivaceus is described as new based on morphological and sequence data.

关键词： Stipitate hydnums Southern Appalachian Mountains Morphological and molecular data Three genera

Adults have more male-biased sex ratios than first-winter juveniles in wintering duck populations

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 623-637页

作者： Kevin A.Wood Kane Brides Maurice e.Durham richard D.Hearn Wildfowl&Wetlands Trust SlimbridgeGloucestershire GL27BTUK

Background:The long-term monitoring of demographic changes in waterbird populations remains limited,but such information can be valuable for conservationists and waterbird *** sex ratios can indicate differences in survival rates between *** particular,differences in the sex ratios of fledged juveniles and adults can provide insight into the development of male bias among ***:In this study,we used data from individual birds captured over a 57-year period to assess the extent,and temporal variability in male bias in nine populations of ducks wintering in the United Kingdom:Gadwall(Mareca strepera),Northern Mallard(Anas platyrhynchos),Northern Pintail(Anas acuta),Common Pochard(Aythya ferina),Common Shelduck(Tadorna tadorna),Northern Shoveler(Spatula clypeata),eurasian Teal(Anas crecca),Tufted Duck(Aythya fuligula),and eurasian Wigeon(Mareca penelope).Results:Overall,eight of these populations were significantly male-biased and adults were more male-biased than first-winter juveniles for all nine *** increased male bias among adults is consistent with the hypothesis that factors such as higher mortality of reproductive-age females during the breeding season is a major cause of male bias in duck ***,such predation cannot explain the male bias detected in first-winter juveniles in four of the *** temporal trends in male bias differed between adults and first-winter juveniles in Northern Mallard,Northern Pintail,Common Pochard,Common Shelduck,eurasian Teal,Tufted Duck,and eurasian *** the study period we found increased male bias among adult Northern Mallard,Northern Pintail,Common Pochard,Common Shelduck,and Tufted Duck as well as both adult and first-winter juvenile Northern ***:We provide evidence that among wintering duck populations,sex ratios are typically male-biased,with adults exhibiting stronger male-biased sex ratios than first-winter *** monitoring

关键词： Anseriformes Bird ringing Demography Population structure Sex ratio Waterfowl

互动式整合营销传播：统合IMC、新媒介以及数据库营销的力量

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新闻大学 2004年第8期 29-34页

作者： James W peltier John A Schibrowsky Don e Schultz 陈欢中国海洋大学新闻与传播学院 266071

自上世纪九十年代中期开始,整合营销传播理论传入中国,掀起了一股IMC热潮,为市场营销、广告公关的理论和实践带来了强大的推动力.然而,近年来,有关整合营销传播的研究渐趋消沉.究其原因,主要有二:一,学界和业界对IMC概念和理论本身并未... 详细信息

自上世纪九十年代中期开始,整合营销传播理论传入中国,掀起了一股IMC热潮,为市场营销、广告公关的理论和实践带来了强大的推动力.然而,近年来,有关整合营销传播的研究渐趋消沉.究其原因,主要有二:一,学界和业界对IMC概念和理论本身并未透彻理解;二,对有关IMC新的研究动态和成果未予以足够重视.2002年,舒尔茨教授等人提出了"互动式整合营销传播"的新概念.2003年,舒尔茨和威斯康新大学的James ***、内华达大学的John ***三位教授又在ernational Journal of Advertising>上发表了一篇名为eraction integrated marketing communication:combining thepower ofIMC,the new media and database marketing>的论文,通过模型和案例系统阐述了"互动式整合营销传播"的概念,代表了IMC理论研究的最新成果,对国内的有关研究具有重要的借鉴意义.限于篇幅,本刊在发表时删去了文中的案例研究部分.

关键词：整合营销传播 IMC 互动式传播新媒介数据库营销

Layer by layer surface engineering of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles:A versatile tool for nanoparticle engineering for targeted drug delivery

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Science China Chemistry 2013年第8期56卷 1029-1039页

作者： ROMeRO Gabriela MURRAY richard A. QIU Yuan SANZ David MOYA Sergio e. Biosurfaces Department CIC biomaGUNE Department of Polymer Science and engineering Zhejiang University

Recent work regarding the Layer by Layer （LbL） engineering of poly（lactide-co-glycolide） nanoparticles （PLGA NPs） is reviewed here. The LbL engineering of PLGA NPs is applied as a means of generating advanced drug delivery devices with tailored recognition, protection, cargo and release properties. LbL in combination with covalent chemistry is used to attach PeG and folic acid to control cell uptake and direct it towards cancer cells. LbL coatings composed of chitosan and alginate show low protein interactions and can be used as an alternative to Pegylation. The assembly on top of LbL coatings of lipid layers composed of variable percentages of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-choline （DOPC） and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho- L-serine （DOPS） increases NP uptake and directs the NPs towards the endoplasmic reticulum. The antibody anti-TNF-ct is encapsulated forming a complex with alginate that is assembled LbL on top of PLGA NPs. The antibody is released in cell culture following first order kinetics. The release kinetics of encapsulated molecules inside PLGA NPs are studied when the PLGA NPs are coated via LbL with different polyelectrolytes. The intracellular release of encapsulated Doxorubicin is studied in the HepG2 cell line by means of Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging.

关键词： layer by layer PLGA NPs cell uptake antibody delivery lipid layers intracellular release