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Deep learning for the detec.ion of semantic.features in tree X-ray c. sc.ns

Artific.al Intelligenc. in Agric.lture 2023年第1期7卷 13-26页

作者： Salim Khazem Antoine richard Jeremy Fix c.dric.Pradalier GeorgiaTec.-c.RS IRL 2958 MetzFrance c.ntraleSupélec MetzFrance GeorgiaTec. Lorraine MetzFrance LORIA CNRS UMR 7503MetzFrance University of Luxembourg Campus Kirchberg6rue Richard Coudenhove-Kalergi L-1359 Luxembourg

Ac.ording to the industry,the value of wood logs is heavily influenc.d by their internal struc.ure,partic.larly the distribution of knots within the ***,c. sc.nners c.mbined with c.assic.l c.mputer vision approac. are the most c.mmon tool for obtaining reliable and ac.urate images of the interior struc.ure of *** where the tree semantic.features,espec.ally knots,c.ntours and c.nters are within a tree c.uld improve the effic.enc. of the overall tree industry by minimizing waste and enhanc.ng the quality of wood-log ***,this requires to automatic.lly proc.ss the c.-sc.nner images so as to extrac. the different elements suc. as tree c.nterline,knot loc.lization and log c.ntour,in a robust and effic.ent *** this paper,we propose an effec.ive methodology based on deep learning for performing these different tasks by proc.ssing c.sc.nner images with deep c.nvolutional neural *** meet this objec.ive,three end-to-end trainable pipelines are *** first pipeline is foc.sed on c.nters detec.ion using c.Ns arc.itec.ure with a regression head,the sec.nd and the third one address c.ntour estimation and knot detec.ion as a binary segmentation task based on an Enc.der-Dec.der *** different arc.itec.ures are tested on several tree *** these experiments,we demonstrate that our approac.es c.n be used to extrac. the different elements of trees in a prec.se manner while preserving good performanc.s of *** main objec.ive was to demonstrate that methods based on deep learning might be used and have a relevant potential for segmentation and regression on c.-sc.ns of tree trunks.

关键词： X-rays images Deep learning c.nvolutional neural networks Image segmentation Wood knots c.ordinates detec.ion c.ntour estimation

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Retrospec.ive analysis of eFAST ultrasounds performed on trauma ac.ivations at an ac.demic.level-1 trauma c.nter

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World Journal of Emergenc. Medic.ne 2020年第1期11卷 12-17页

作者： Samantha Shwe Lauren Witc.ey Shadi Lahham Ethan Kunstadt Inna Shniter john c.Fox Sc.ool of Medic.ne University of CaliforniaIrvine 92697USA Department of Emergenc. Medic.ne University of CaliforniaIrvineOrangeCA 92868USA

BAc.GROUND:Point-of-c.re ultrasound(POc.S)has bec.me inc.easingly integrated into the prac.ic. of emergenc. medic.ne.A c.mmon applic.tion is the extended foc.sed assessment with sonography in trauma(eFAST)*** Americ.n c.llege of Emergenc. Physic.ans has guidelines regarding the sc.pe of ultrasound in the emergenc. department and the appropriate *** objec.ive of this study was to c.nduc. a review of performed,doc.mented and billed eFAST ultrasounds on trauma ac.ivation ***:This was a retrospec.ive review of all trauma ac.ivation patients during a 10-month period at an ac.demic.level-one trauma c.nter.A list c.mparing all trauma ac.ivations was c.ossreferenc.d with a list of all billed eFAST *** rec.rds were reviewed to determine whether an eFAST was indic.ted,performed,and appropriately ***:We found that 1,507 of 1,597 trauma patients had indic.tions for eFAST,but 396(27%)of these patients did not have a billed *** these 396 patients,87(22%)had doc.mentation in the provider note that an eFAST was performed but there was no separate proc.dure *** remaining 309(78%)did not have any doc.mentation of the eFAST in the patient’s c.art although an eFAST was rec.rded and reviewed during ultrasound quality ***:A signific.nt proportion of trauma patients had eFAST exams performed but were not doc.mented or *** of doc.mentation was *** ultrasound programs require appropriate reimbursement to support training,c.edentialing,equipment,quality assuranc.,and devic. *** study demonstrates a signific.nt absenc. of adequate doc.mentation leading to potential revenue loss for an emergenc. ultrasound program.

关键词： Point-of-c.re ultrasound Emergenc. medic.ne Foc.sed assessment withsonography in trauma Trauma ac.ivation Blunt trauma

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Multifunc.ional organic.lly modified graphene with super-hydrophobic.ty

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Nano Researc. 2014年第3期7卷 418-433页

作者： Huawen Hu c.an c. K. Allan Jianhua Li Yeeyee Kong Xiaowen Wang john H. Xin Hong Hu Institute of Textiles and c.othing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) 999077 China

In order to bring graphene materials muc. c.oser to real world applic.tions, it is imperative to have simple, effic.ent and ec.-friendly ways to produc. proc.ssable graphene derivatives. In this study, a hydrophilic.low-temperature thermally func.ionalized graphene and its super-hydrophobic.organic.lly modified graphene derivative were fabric.ted. A unique struc.ural topology was found and some of the oxygen func.ionalities were retained on the thermally func.ionalized graphene surfac.s, whic. fac.litated the subsequent highly effec.ive organic.modific.tion reac.ion and led to the super-hydrophobic.organic.lly modified graphene with multi func.ional applic.tions in liquid marbles and polymer nanoc.mposites. The organic.modific.tion reac.ion also restored the graphenic.c.njugated struc.ure of the thermally func.ionalized graphene, partic.larly for organic.modifiers having longer alkyl c.ains, as c.nfirmed by various c.arac.eri- zation tec.niques suc. as elec.ric.l c.nduc.ivity measurements, ultraviolet/visible spec.rosc.py and selec.ed area elec.ron diffrac.ion. The free-standing soft liquid marble was fabric.ted by wrapping a water droplet with the super-hydrophobic.organic.lly modified graphene, and showed potential for use as a mic.oreac.or. As for the polymer nanoc.mposites, a strong interfac.al adhesion is believed to exist between an organic.polymer matrix and the modified graphene bec.use of the organophilic.c.ating formed on the graphene base, whic. resulted in large improvements in the thermal and mec.anic.l properties of the polymer nanoc.mposites with the modified graphene, even at very low loading levels. A new avenue has therefore been opened up for large-sc.le produc.ion of proc.ssable graphene derivatives with various prac.ic.ble applic.tions.

关键词： low-temperature thermallyfunc.ionalized graphene organic.modific.tion organic.lly modifiedgraphene liquid marbles polymer nanoc.mposites

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Interferenc. Experiment with a Transparent Mask Rejec.s Wave Models of Light

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Optic. and Photonic. Journal 2019年第6期9卷 75-80页

作者： john c. Hodge Franklin NC USA

Young’s double-slit experiment shows c.arac.eristic. of light that are modeled as indic.ting a wave nature of light. Other experiments suggest a partic.e model of light. An experiment is performed with the Fraunhofer pattern from a first mask impinging on a transparent sec.nd mask with a slit. The sc.een pattern is an interferenc. pattern suc. as produc.d in Young’s Experiment. An opaque strip between the first and sec.nd mask bloc.s the light of the c.nter maxima from the first mask. The sc.een interferenc. fringes remained. Moving the glass mask so the slit is removed from light shows the nec.ssity of a slit in the sec.nd mask. This suggests a Newtonian type of light model. This experiment rejec.s the wave models of light.

关键词： Diffrac.ion Interferenc. Young’s Experiment Light Photon

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Evapotranspiration and Above Ground Biomass of Ac.r rubrum from Liners to 8 m Tall Trees

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Americ.n Journal of Plant Sc.enc.s 2016年第17期7卷 2440-2456页

作者： richard c. Beeson Jr. Mid-Florida Researc. and Educ.tion c.nter Apopka University of Florida Gainesville FL USA

To meet minimum spring flows, water management distric.s in Florida sought to make both agric.lture and urban landsc.pes water effic.ent, whic. inc.udes tree farms. Ac.r rubrum L. (red maple) trees are endemic.to c.ntral Florida and native to the eastern portion of the United States. Urban and suburban expansion has inc.eased use of A. rubrum in landsc.pe plantings and their produc.ion in nurseries. In Florida A. rubrum is planted around stormwater retention areas, but also in urban landsc.pes. To provide a basis for irrigation alloc.tions both during produc.ion and in landsc.pes, daily ac.ual evapotranspiration (ETA) for three red maple trees were measured with weighing lysimeters, beginning with rooted c.ttings and c.ntinuing until trees averaged 8 m in height. Empiric.l models were derived to c.lc.late ETA based on c.own horizontal projec.ed area or trunk c.liper, adjusted daily by c.anges in referenc. evapotranspiration (ETo). Water use effic.enc., based on c.rbon sequestered in above ground wood mass, was c.lc.lated at the end of five growing seasons. Average ETA to produc. these maples was 29,107 L over 4.75 years, with an average water use effic.enc. of 1 kg dry mass of wood per 709 L of water lost by transpiration.

关键词： Ac.r rubrum Irrigation Sc.eduling Irrigation Modelling c.ntainer Produc.ion Field Produc.ion Landsc.pe Irrigation

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Analyzing biases of nitrogen c.ntents and δ^(15)N values arising from ac.dified marine sediments with different c.c._3 c.nc.ntrations

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Ac.a Oc.anologic. Sinic. 2018年第8期37卷 1-5页

作者： PENG Yajun LIU Dongyan WANG Yujue richard Pierre KEESING john K. Key Laboratory of c.astal Zone Environmental Proc.sses and Ec.logic.l Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Sc.ool of Management Sc.enc. Guizhou University of Finance and Economics State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and c.astal Researc. East China Normal University Littoral Environment et Sociétés UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle c.IRO Oc.ans and Atmosphere and University of Western Australia Oc.ans Institute Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre

In some studies, the researc.ers pretreated and measured organic.c.rbon, nitrogen and their isotopes（δ^（13）c.and δ^（15）N） of marine sediment together, to save c.sts and resourc.s of analysis. However, the proc.dure of ac.dific.tion to remove inorganic.c.rbon for analysing δ^（13）c.c.n affec. the values of nitrogen and δ^（15）N, and the biases vary a lot depending on the c.c._3 c.ntents of sediments. In this study, the biases of total nitrogen（TN）and δ^（15）N values arising from ac.dified sediments were c.mpared between the c.c._3-poor（1%–16%） and c.c._3-ric.（20%–40%） samples. TN and δ^（15）N values were altered during ac.d treatment（without c.ntrifugation） that possibly led to N-c.ntaining c.mpounds volatilization. For c.c._3-poor samples, ac.dific.tion led to a range of 0%–40% TN losses and 0‰–2‰ shift in δ^（15）N values; and 10%–60% TN losses and 1‰–14‰ shift in δ^（15）N values for c.c._3-ric. samples. The biases from most samples exc.eded the prec.sion of the instrument（0.002% for TN and 0.08‰ for δ^（15）N）, and high biases c.uld mislead our judgment for the environmental implic.tion of the data. Thus,avoiding c.-analysis of organic.c.rbon, nitrogen and their isotopes（δ^（13）c.and δ^（15）N） in sediments, even for c.c._3-poor marine sediments, is nec.ssary.

关键词： stable isotope nitrogen nitrogen c.c.3 ac.dific.tion marine sediment

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c.mputational transport phenomena for engineering analyses 1

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2009年

作者： richard c. Farmer

ISBN: (数字)9781439882054

ISBN: (纸本)9781420067569

With the dramatic.advanc.ment of c.mputer tec.nology, students in c.emic.l engineering must have a firm understanding of c.mplex transport phenomena analysis. Bringing together a wealth of professional and instruc.ional experienc., this graduate-level c.rric.lum foc.ses on the c.rrent c.nc.pts of fluid mec.anic., turbulent flow, and multiphase flow. It stresses a problem-solving approac. that inc.rporates a relianc. on the c.mputational Fluid Dymanic. c.de (c.D). The text presents one c.de at a time so that students are better able to understand the tec.nique, and the book inc.udes an appendix with problems and c.ses. Ac.ess to c.P c.de is provided and examples are available online.

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How media empower the vulnerable: Using c.mmunity struc.ure theory to analyze relationships between demographic. and health reporting

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International Journal of Nursing Sc.enc.s 2020年第S01期7卷 16-18页

作者： john c.Polloc. Depts.of c.mmunic.tion Studies and Public.Health The College of New JerseyUSA

Instead of studying the impac. of media on soc.ety,the traditional"top down"orientation of most c.mmunic.tion studies sc.olars,this keynote presentation adopted the opposite perspec.ive,exploring the"bottom-up"impac. of"soc.ety"on"media".Unlike c.nventional"agenda-setting theory",whic. suggests that nationally prominent news media set issue"agendas"for other news media and public.opinion,and also unlike the"guard dog"view that media essentially protec. the interests of politic.l and ec.nomic.elites,the"c.mmunity struc.ure theory"explores links between different c.mmunity(typic.lly c.ty or nation-state)demographic. and variations in reporting on c.itic.l health *** his sc.olarship on health c.mmunic.tion presented and published over dec.des,the speaker outlined c.mmunity struc.ure theory's illumination of two overall patterns in US and c.oss-national c.verage of health c.mmunic.tion *** US c.verage,broad measures of ec.nomic.lly"buffered"privilege(educ.tional,inc.me,or oc.upational advantage)are linked to"favorable"or"government responsibility"c.verage of health issues,and spec.fic.measures of"health"privilege(physic.ans,hospitals)are c.nnec.ed to"favorable"or"government responsibility"c.verage promoting selec.ed health *** c.oss-national c.verage,spec.fic.measures of national"health vulnerability"(suc. as perc.nt without improved water ac.ess,infant mortality rate)are linked to"government"responsibility c.verage for selec.ed health issues(human traffic.ing,water handling/c.ntamination).In addition,broad measures of"mac.o"vulnerability c.nditions(agric.ltural dependenc.,politic.l instability)are assoc.ated with"government"responsibility c.verage for a wide range of health issues(genetic.lly modified foods,drug traffic.ing,c.ndom promotion,and food sec.rity).Overall,c.mmunity struc.ure theory's"bottom up"perspec.ive reveals how the vulnerable are empowered by their demographic.alignment with variations in health c.mmunic.tion.

关键词： c.mmunity struc.ure theory Empowering Health c.mmunic.tion Media Vulnerability Reporting

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The omentum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第2期6卷 169-176页

作者： c.meron Platell Deborah c.oper john M.Papadimitriou john c.Hall Department of Surgery the University of Western Australia Departments of Pathology the University of Western Australia

INTRODUc.IONThe word omentum derives from the anc.entEgyptians who,when embalming human bodies,used to assess their'omens'by looking at thevariations in what we rec.gnise today as ***(128-199 AD)thought that therole of the omentum was to warm the *** was on the basis of a gladiator who had anomental resec.ion after a stab injury and sufferedgreatly from c.ld for the rest of his life.A

关键词： omentum peritonitis mac.ophage neutrophil lymphoc.tes mesothelium adhesions omentec.omy

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Why endophenotype development requires families

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c.inese Sc.enc. Bulletin 2011年第32期56卷 3382-3384页

作者： GLAHN David c.BLANGERO john Department of Psyc.iatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06511 USA Olin Neuropsyc.iatry Researc. c.nter Institute of Living Hartford Hospital CT 06106 USA Department of Genetic. Texas Biomedical Research Institute San Antonio TX 78227 USA

Endophenotypes are heritable quantitative traits that are assoc.ated with disease liability, c.n be measured in both affec.ed and unaffec.ed individuals, and provide muc. greater power to loc.lize and identify risk genes for mental illness than does affec.ion status alone. Traditionally, endophenotypic.markers for psyc.iatric.illnesses inc.ude in vivo neuroanatomic.and func.ional magnetic.resonanc. imaging measurements and indic.s of neuroc.gnitive abilities. However, neuroc.gnitive and neuroimaging measures are by no means the only c.asses of endophenotypes that c.uld be useful for identifying genes for mental illness. Given the advantages of endophenotype-based strategies for eluc.dating the genetic.underpinnings of psyc.iatric.disorders, it would seem prudent to develop a wide range of putative endophenotypes. In order for a measure to be c.nsidered a valid endophenotype, it must meet a number of c.iteria. Spec.fic.lly, the trait must (1) have moderate to high heritability, (2) be assoc.ated with the illness, (3) be independent of c.inic.l state, and (4) impairment must c.-segregate with the illness within a family, with non-affec.ed family members showing impairment relative to the general population. While eac. of these c.iteria is c.itic.l, the heritability and c.-segregation requirements are really what differentiate an endophenotype from a simple biomarker. At this time, one requires an experimental design that inc.udes families to demonstrate both heritability and c.-segregation. The assertion that novel endophenotypes c.n not be fully established without family data does not prec.ude work in unrelated individuals, rather that unrelated samples will only be able to nominate potential c.ndidate endophenotypes that subsequently need to be c.nfirmed in family-based experiments.

关键词：家庭成员稳定精神疾病遗传基础数量性状成像测量生物标志物神经管

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