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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： renato Socodato João B.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(IBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

The Hyperbolic Schrödinger Equation and the Quantum Lattice Boltzmann Approximation

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第5期31卷 1341-1361页

作者： renato Spigler Department of Mathematics and Physics Roma Tre University1 Largo S.Leonardo Murialdo00146 RomeItalyand Complex Systems Institute ISC–CNR

The quantum lattice Boltzmann(qlB)algorithm solves the 1D Dirac equations and has been used to solve approximately the classical(i.e.,non-relativistic)Schrödinger *** point out that the qlB method actually approximates the hyperbolic version of the non-relativistic Schrödinger equation,whose solution is thus obtained at the price of an additional small *** an error is of order of(ωCτ)-1,where ω_(C):=mc^(2)/h is the Compton frequency,h being the reduced Planck constant,m the rest mass of the electrons,c the speed of light,andτa chosen reference time(i.e.,1 s),and hence it vanishes in the non-relativistic limit c→+∞.This asymptotic result comes from a singular perturbation process which does not require any boundary layer and,consequently,the approximation holds uniformly,which fact is relevant in view of numerical *** also discuss this occurrence more generally,for some classes of linear singularly perturbed partial differential equations.

关键词： Schrödinger equation hyperbolic Schrödinger equation Dirac equations quantum Lattice Boltzmann Klein-Gordon equation singular perturbations

Soil respiration in a natural forest and a plantation during a dry period in the Philippines

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Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第6期34卷 1975-1983页

作者： renato S.Pacaldo Mirac Aydin Forestry Department College of Forestry and Environmental StudiesMindanao State University9700 Marawi CityPhilippines Faculty of Forestry Kastamonu UniversityKastamonu 37210Türkiye

Climate change is forecast to increase the frequency of extreme hot temperatures and dryer days and is anticipated to have profound impacts on the global carbon *** are expected to alter soil respiration(R_(s))rates,but the scarcity of data preclude a reliable estimate of this response and its future trajectory.A field experiment using an automated soil respiration machinery(LI-8100A)was conducted in a natural forest and a plantation during a dry period in the Philippines,with the goal of quantifying Rsrates and their relationship with soil temperature and moisture,and air *** natural forest(5.81μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))exhibited significantly higher Rsrates(p<0.0001)compared with the plantation(1.82μmol m^(-2)s^(-1))and control(3.23μmol m^(-2)s^(-1)).Rsrates showed significant negative relationships with air(-0.71)and soil temperatures(-0.62),indicating that as temperatures increase,the R_(s)rates *** contrast,the R_(s)rates exhibited a significant positive relationship with soil moisture(0.65).Although the low R_(s)rates in the plantation and high Rsrates in the natural forest are indicators of sensitivities of these two types of tropical forests to warm,dry soil,this observation is only conclusive during the dry period,but not necessarily during wet *** studies are needed to determine the trend of Rsrates during wet periods,considering different site conditions and types of vegetation.

关键词： Climate change Carbon Air and soil temperatures Soil moisture Tropical stands

Tendril-Based Climbing Plants to Model, Simulate and Create Bio-Inspired Robotic Systems

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2015年第2期12卷 250-262页

作者： renato Vidoni Tanja Mimmo Camilla Pandolfi Faculty of Science and Technology Free University of Bolzano Piazza universith 3 91 O0 Bolzano Italy European Space Agency-Advanced Concepts Team Estec Noordwjik Netherlands

Bioinspiration can be considered one of the keys for future smart and versatile robotic systems. Plants could be an im- portant source of ideas despite the fact that they have not yet been deeply observed and considered. In this paper, climbing tendril-bearer plants that, by means of irritable filiform organs called tendrils, search for a support, grasp it and climb to gain height, have been used to study and develop an effective climbing robot. The study aimed first to evaluate the main movements and behaviors of the tendril from a biomimetic point of view. The tendril complexity was then simplified, a robotic model was developed and a kinematic simulator was designed and implemented to visualize and evaluate the chosen system. Finally, based on the biological, technical and numerical evaluations, the main tendril behaviors were replicated by proof of concept devices made of smart materials to move towards a practical realization and to replicate the simulated results. The designed proof of concept prototypes showed food repeatability and feasibility.

关键词： climbing plants robotic tendril kinematic model Shape-Memory-Alloy (SMA) grasping

A Mechanical Model for the Adhesion of Spiders to Nominally Flat Surfaces

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2009年第2期6卷 135-142页

作者： Alessandro Gasparetto Tobias Seidl renato Vidoni DIEGM Department of ElectricalManagement and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of Udine Advanced Concepts Team European Space Agency

In dry attachment systems of spiders and geckos, van der Waals forces mediate attraction between substrate and animal tarsus. In particular, the scopula of Evarcha arcuata spiders allows for reversible attachment and easy detachment to a broad range of surfaces. Hence, reproducing the scopula's roughness compatibility while maintaining anti-bunching features and dirt particle repellence behavior is a central task for a biomimetic transfer to an engineered model. In the present work we model the scopula of E. arcuata from a mechano-elastic point of view analyzing the influence of its hierarchical structure on the attachment behavior. By considering biological data of the gecko and spider, and the simulation results, the adhesive capabilities of the two animals are compared and important confirmations and new directives in order to reproduce the overall structure are found. Moreover, a possible suggestion of how the spider detaches in an easy and fast manner is proposed and supported by the results.

关键词： bionics spider dry adhesion mechano-elastic model hierarchical structure

Some topics on the smooth particle hydrodynamics method

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2023年第2期39卷 1-2页

作者： Fei Xu renato Vacondio School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParmaItaly

The smooth particle hydrodynamics(SPH)method is one of the earliest meshfree methods,first proposed in 1977[1,2],to solve astrophysical *** the past years,as a Lagrangian,particle method,the SPH method has been widely applied in computational engineering *** provides novel insights for solving complex problems in fluid dynamics and solid mechanics involving large deformations.

关键词： problems. particle hydrodynamics

A Simple and Efficient Structural Topology Optimization Implementation Using Open-Source Software for All Steps of the Algorithm:Modeling, Sensitivity Analysis and Optimization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第8期136卷 1371-1397页

作者： Rafael Marin Ferro renato Pavanello Coordination of Mechanical Engineering Federal Institute of Science and Technology of ES-IFESAracruz-ES29192-733Brazil Department of Computational Mechanics Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringUnicampCampinas-SP13083-860Brazil

This work analyzes the implementation of a continuous method of structural topology optimization(STO)using open-source software for all stages of the topology optimization problem:modeling,sensitivity analysis and *** implementation involves three main components:numerical analysis using the Finite Element Method(FEM),sensitivity analysis using an Adjoint method and an optimization *** order to allow the automated numerical solution of Partial Differential Equations(PDEs)and perform a sensitivity analysis,FEniCS and Dolfin Adjoint software are used as tools,which are open-source *** the optimization process,Ipopt(Interior Point OPTimizer)is used,which is a software package for nonlinear optimization scale designed to find(local)solutions of mathematical optimization *** topological optimization method used is based on the SIMP-Solid IsotropicMaterial with Penalization *** considered problem is the minimization of compliance/maximization of stiffness,considering the examples of recurrent structures in the literature in 2D and 3D.A density filtering algorithm based on Helmholtz formulation is *** complete code involves 51 lines of programming and is presented and commented in detail in this article.

关键词： Structural topology optimization finite element method FEniCS Dolfin Adjoint

A Hybrid Immigrants Scheme for Genetic Algorithms in Dynamic Environments

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2007年第3期4卷 243-254页

作者： Shengxiang Yang renato Tinós Department of Computer Science University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 7RHUK Department of Physics and Mathematics FFCLRPUniversity of Sao PauloRibeir Preto 14040-901Brazil

Dynamic optimization problems are a kind of optimization problems that involve changes over time. They pose a serious challenge to traditional optimization methods as well as conventional genetic algorithms since the goal is no longer to search for the optimal solution（s） of a fixed problem but to track the moving optimum over time. Dynamic optimization problems have attracted a growing interest from the genetic algorithm community in recent years. Several approaches have been developed to enhance the performance of genetic algorithms in dynamic environments. One approach is to maintain the diversity of the population via random immigrants. This paper proposes a hybrid immigrants scheme that combines the concepts of elitism, dualism and random immigrants for genetic algorithms to address dynamic optimization problems. In this hybrid scheme, the best individual, i.e., the elite, from the previous generation and its dual individual are retrieved as the bases to create immigrants via traditional mutation scheme. These elitism-based and dualism-based immigrants together with some random immigrants are substituted into the current population, replacing the worst individuals in the population. These three kinds of immigrants aim to address environmental changes of slight, medium and significant degrees respectively and hence efficiently adapt genetic algorithms to dynamic environments that are subject to different severities of changes. Based on a series of systematically constructed dynamic test problems, experiments are carried out to investigate the performance of genetic algorithms with the hybrid immigrants scheme and traditional random immigrants scheme. Experimental results validate the efficiency of the proposed hybrid immigrants scheme for improving the performance of genetic algorithms in dynamic environments.

关键词： Genetic algorithms random immigrants elitism-based immigrants dualism dynamic optimization problems.

Dysfunctions of the Iga system:a common link between intestinal and renal diseases

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2011年第2期8卷 126-134页

作者： Christina Papista Laureline Berthelot renato C Monteiro NSERM U699 Paris 75018France Universite´Paris Diderot Paris 75018France

Immunoglobulin A(Iga)-isotype antibodies play an important role in immunity owing to their structure,glycosylation,localization and receptor *** in this system can lead to multiple types of *** review describes the characteristics of Iga and discusses the involvement of abnormalities in the Iga system on the development of celiac disease and Iga nephropathy.

关键词： celiac disease Iga nephropathy immunoglobulin A receptors