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Gut microbiome in primary sclerosing cholangitis:A review

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第21期26卷 2768-2780页

作者： rebecca little Eytan Wine Binita M Kamath Anne M Griffiths Amanda Ricciuto Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoON M5G 1X8Canada Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 7-142H Katz Group–Rexall CentreUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1C9Canada

Primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC)is a chronic cholestatic liver disease characterized by biliary inflammation and *** of the pathogenesis of PSC in light of its association with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and the“gut-liver”axis is an emerging area of interest.A growing number of studies have begun to elucidate the role of the gut microbiota,its metabolites and its influence on host immune responses in the development of PSC and *** of the fecal microbiota have highlighted enriched levels of certain species,including Veillonella,Streptococcus and Enterococcus,among others.A heightened immune response to enteric dysbiosis and bacterial translocation have also been *** example,Klebsiella pneumoniae strains derived from gnotobiotic mice transplanted with PSC-IBD microbiota were found to induce pore formation in human intestinal epithelial cells and enhanced Th17 *** microbes have additionally been hypothesized to be implicated in PSC pathogenesis through their role in the synthesis of various metabolites,including bile acids(BAs),which function as signaling molecules with important gut and hepatic *** expanded knowledge of the gut microbiome as it relates to PSC offers critical insight into the development of microbe-altering therapeutic interventions,such as antibiotics,nutritional interventions and fecal microbial *** of these have already shown some preliminary evidence of *** exciting progress in the field,much work remains to be done;areas that are particularly lacking include functional characterization of the microbiome and examination of pediatric *** this review,we summarize studies that have investigated the microbiome in PSC and PSC-IBD as well as putative mechanisms,including the potential role of metabolites,such as *** then briefly review the evidence for interventions with microbe-altering properties for treating PSC.

关键词： Bile acids Colitis Inflammatory bowel disease Microbiome Microbiota Primary sclerosing cholangitis

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Ink-structing the future of vascular tissue engineering:a review of the physiological bioink design

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第2期7卷 181-205页

作者： Judith Synofzik Sebastian Heene rebecca Jonczyk Cornelia Blume Institute for Technical Chemistry Leibniz University Hannover30167 HannoverGermany

Three-dimensional(3D)printing and bioprinting have come into view for a plannable and standardizable generation of implantable tissue-engineered constructs that can substitute native tissues and *** tissue-engineered structures are intended to integrate with the patient’s *** tissue engineering(TE)is relevant in TE because it supports the sustained oxygenization and nutrition of all tissue-engineered *** have a specific role,representingthenecessarymedium for printability and vascular cell *** review aims to understand the requirements for the design of vascular ***,an in-depth analysis of vascular cell interaction with their native environment must be gained.A physiological bioink suitable for a tissue-engineered vascular graft(TEVG)must not only ensure good printability but also induce cells to behave like in a native vascular vessel,including self-regenerative and growth *** review describes the general structure of vascular walls with wall-speciﬁc cell and extracellular matrix(ECM)components and biomechanical properties and ***,the physiological role of vascular ECM components for their interaction with vascular cells and the mode of interaction is *** currently available or imaginable bioinks are described from physiological matrix proteins to nonphysiologically occurring but natural chemical compounds useful for vascular *** physiological performance of these bioinks is evaluated with regard to biomechanical properties postprinting,with a view to current animal studies of 3D printed vascular ***,the main challenges for further bioink development,suitable bioink components to create a self-assembly bioink concept,and future bioprinting strategies are *** concepts are discussed in terms of their suitability to be part of a TEVG with a high potential for later clinical use.

关键词： Vascular wall histology Vascular cells Microenvironment Extracellular matrix Cell–matrix interaction Bioink Printability

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Comparative analysis of breast and lung cancer survival rates and clinical trial enrollments among rural and urban patients in Georgia

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Oncology Research 2024年第9期32卷 1401-1406页

作者： TATIANA KURILO rebecca D.PENTZ Winship Cancer Institute Emory University School of MedicineEmory UniversityAtlanta30322USA

Objectives:Rural patients have poor cancer outcomes and clinical trial(CT)enrollment compared to urban patients due to attitudinal,awareness,and healthcare access *** of cancer survival disparities and CT enrollment is important for designing interventions and innovative approaches to address the stated *** study explores the potential disparities in cancer survival rates and clinical trial enrollments in rural and urban breast and lung cancer *** hypotheses are that for both cancer types,urban cancer patients will have longer 5-year survival rates and higher enrollment rates in clinical trials than those in rural ***:We compared breast and lung cancer patients’survival rates and enrollment ratios in clinical trials between rural(RUCC 4-9)and urban counties in Georgia at a Comprehensive Cancer Center(CCC).To assess these differences,we carried out a series of independent samples t-tests and Chi-Square ***:The outcomes indicate comparable 5-year survival rates across rural and urban counties for breast and lung cancer patients,failing to substantiate our *** clinical trial enrollment rates demonstrated a significant difference between breast and lung cancer patients at CCC,no significant variation was observed based on rural or urban ***:These findings underscore the need for further research into the representation of rural patients with diverse cancer types at CCC and other cancer ***,the findings have considerable implications for the initiation of positive social change to improve CT participation and reduce cancer survival disparities.

关键词： Cancer Cancer survival rates Clinical trial enrollment Rural patients Health disparities Barriers to clinical trial participation Geographic disparities

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Assessing gully erosion and rehabilitation using multi temporal LiDAR DEMs:Case study from the Great Barrier Reef catchments,Australia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 184-199页

作者： Sana Khan rebecca Bartley Anne Kinsey-Henderson Aaron Hawdon The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) Environment1 James Cook DrDouglas4814Australia The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation(CSIRO) EnvironmentGPO Box 2583BrisbaneQLD4001Australia

Millions of dollars are being spent on gully rehabilitation to help reduce excess fine sediment delivery to the Great Barrier Reef(GBR).There is an urgent need for(i)prioritisation of active gullies for rehabilitation and(ii)the development of methodologies to inform the effectiveness of *** this study we analyse DEMs of Difference derived from 0.5 m resolution 2-3 year interval multi-temporal LiDAR data collected pre and post rehabilitation at three variable gully morphologies in the Burdekin *** analysis indicates that the highest annual average fine sediment erosion rates for the untreated control gullies occur at the linear gully(53.38 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))followed by linear-alluvial gully(34.24 t ha^(-1)y^(-1))and least at the alluvial gully(14.41 t ha^(-1)y^(-1)).The proportional loss or export of fine sediment from the gullies in their un-treated condition ranges from∼68 to 90%of what is eroded,and when the gullies are treated the proportion of fine sediment that is retained in the gully proportional to what is eroded increases to∼60%at all *** pre-treatment baseline erosion rates,and additional post treatment LiDAR captures,it is difficult to quantify the treatment *** results offer insights in the erosion mechanisms within different geomorphic gully morphologies and rehabilitation effects in these erosional *** study provides crucial knowledge of gully dynamics that can be coupled with other lines of evidence for better prioritisation of rehabilitation in the GBR catchments.

关键词： Digital elevation models (dis)connectivity Restoration Geomorphic change detection Geomorphic effectiveness GIS

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Mindfulness Facets and Psychological Well-Being among Meditators:Serenity as a Mediating Process

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2024年第3期26卷 177-187页

作者： rebecca Y.M.Cheung Iris Yili Wang Elsa Ngar-Sze Lau School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences University of ReadingReadingUK Department of Special Education and Counselling The Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Educational Administration and Policy The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Guided by the theoretical processes of mindfulness and psychological well-being,this study examined serenity as a mediator between mindfulness facets and psychological well-being,as indexed by depressive symptoms and life *** were 133 mindfulness practitioners who took part in a 3-day transnational meditation event in Hong *** informed consent,participants completed a self-report *** findings from structural equation modeling showed that serenity mediated the relation between two facets of mindfulness,including describing and nonreacting to inner experience,and life *** also mediated the relation between the mindfulness facet of describing and depressive *** associations were indicated between two mindfulness facets,including observing and nonjudging of inner experience,and depressive *** together,the findings revealed mindfulness facets as major correlates of serenity and psychological outcomes among Chinese meditation *** foster psychological well-being,researchers,educators,and practitioners should pay attention to the role of serenity,describing,and nonreacting to inner experience in mental health.

关键词： Depressive symptoms mindfulness mindfulness practitioners satisfaction with life serenity

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Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Linked to Increased Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma:A VA Matched Cohort Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2024年第5期12卷 534-538页

作者： Shalini Bansal Tamar Taddei rebecca Wells Marina Serper Theresa Bittermann Nadim Mahmud David E.Kaplan Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Corporal Michael J.Crescenz VA Medical Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA VA Connecticut Healthcare System West HavenCTUSA

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common primary tumor of the liver and often evolves from regenerating nodules in liver *** there have been significant advances in the treatment of HCC,the overall prognosis in patients with a large tumor burden,vascular invasion,or extrahepatic spread remains poor.1 The magnitude of liver stiffness in cirrhosis has been consistently associated with an increased risk of development of HCC.

关键词： Carcinoma invasion cirrhosis

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《晚期癌症患者呼吸困难处理:美国临床肿瘤学会指南》解读

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协和医学杂志 2024年第1期15卷 52-57页

作者：贾之萌 Colman rebecca 宁晓红哈佛大学医学院全球健康与社会医学系美国马萨诸塞州波士顿市MA 02138 多伦多西奈山医院Temmy Latner姑息关怀中心加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 多伦多大学家庭与社区医学系加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 多伦多大学大学健康网络医学系加拿大多伦多市M5S 2E8 中国医学科学院北京协和医院老年医学科北京100730 中国医学科学院北京协和医院缓和医学中心北京100730

呼吸困难是一种自觉症状,其给晚期癌症患者带来了巨大痛苦。有效评估和处理晚期癌症患者的呼吸困难是一线临床医生和专业护理人员应具备的核心能力,中国目前尚缺乏此方面的规范处理流程。基于循证医学证据,美国临床肿瘤学会发布了“晚... 详细信息

呼吸困难是一种自觉症状,其给晚期癌症患者带来了巨大痛苦。有效评估和处理晚期癌症患者的呼吸困难是一线临床医生和专业护理人员应具备的核心能力,中国目前尚缺乏此方面的规范处理流程。基于循证医学证据,美国临床肿瘤学会发布了“晚期癌症呼吸困难处理实践指南”,该指南针对晚期癌症患者给出了呼吸困难评估和分级处理策略。本文结合中国国情,旨在对该指南中的关键内容进行详细解读,以期为中国的临床实践提供指导和借鉴。

关键词：晚期癌症呼吸困难缓和医疗指南解读

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Affordability, Accessibility, and Quality of Maternal Health Care Services and Level of Satisfaction of Mothers in Rural Areas in China

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第8期8卷 218-231页

作者： Teng Sun rebecca A.Guariño Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital Jinan 250000Shangdong ProvinceChina

Objective:This study aimed to understand the affordability,accessibility,and quality of maternal and child health services for postpartum mothers,and their impact on ***:The study utilized the Anderson model and revised the Maternal Pregnancy and Perinatal Health Service Questionnaire.A survey was conducted among 289 mothers aged 20–49 in Feicheng ***:Regarding accessibility,most respondents(133)reported that travel time to healthcare services exceeded 60 minutes,while 99 respondents indicated a travel time of 16–30 *** issue of affordability was highlighted,with 86.85%of participants perceiving maternal healthcare services as costly,indicating a significant financial *** than 50%of respondents were satisfied with two specific dimensions(P<0.05)regarding the quality of maternal healthcare ***:The study found that accessibility,affordability,and quality significantly affect mothers’satisfaction with maternal health *** research should focus on developing more suitable service pathways for rural mothers.

关键词： Affordability Accessibility Quality Maternal health care services Level of satisfaction Rural area

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Manipulation of photosensory and circadian signaling restricts phenotypic plasticity in response to changing environmental conditions in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1458-1471页

作者： Martin William Battle Scott Fraser Ewing Cathryn Dickson Joseph Obaje Kristen N.Edgeworth rebecca Bindbeutel Rea LAntoniou-Kourounioti Dmitri A.Nusinow Matthew Alan Jones Plant Science Group School of Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK Danforth Plant Science Center St.LouisMO 63132USA Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Washington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA Present address:School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L22QPUK

Plants exploit phenotypic plasticity to adapt their growth and development to prevailing environmental *** of light and temperature signals is aided by the circadian system,which provides a temporal *** plasticity provides a selective and competitive advantage in nature but is obstructive during large-scale,intensive agricultural practices since economically important traits(including vegetative growth and flowering time)can vary widely depending on local environmental *** prevents accurate prediction of harvesting times and produces a variable *** this study,we sought to restrict phenotypic plasticity and circadian regulation by manipulating signaling systems that govern plants'responses to environmental *** modeling of plant growth and develop-ment predicted reduced plant responses to changing environments when circadian and light signaling pathways were *** tested this prediction by utilizing a constitutively active allele of the plant photoreceptor phytochrome B,along with disruption of the circadian systemvia mutation of *** found that these manipulations produced plants that are less responsive to light and temper-ature cues and thus fail to anticipate *** engineered plants have uniform vegetative growth and flowering time,demonstrating how phenotypic plasticity can be limited while maintaining plant *** has significant implications for future agriculture in both open fields and controlled environments.

关键词： circadian developmental plasticity phenotypic plasticity external coincidence light temperature

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Enhancement of endogenous midbrain neurogenesis by microneurotrophin BNN-20 after neural progenitor grafting in a mouse model of nigral degeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1318-1324页

作者： Theodora Mourtzi Nasia Antoniou Christina Dimitriou Panagiotis Gkaravelas Georgia Athanasopoulou Panagiota Nti Kostantzo Olga Stathi Efthymia Theodorou Maria Anesti rebecca Matsas Fevronia Angelatou Georgia Kouroupi Ilias Kazanis Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of BiologyUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells Hellenic Pasteur InstituteAthensGreece Department of Physiology School of MedicineUniversity of PatrasPatrasGreece

We have previously shown the neuroprotective and pro-neurogenic activity of microneurotrophin BNN-20 in the substantia nigra of the“weaver”mouse,a model of progressive nigrostriatal ***,we extended our investigation in two clinically-relevant ***,we assessed the effects of BNN-20 on human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells and neurons derived from healthy and parkinsonian ***,we assessed if BNN-20 can boost the outcome of mouse neural progenitor cell intranigral transplantations in weaver mice,at late stages of *** found that BNN-20 has limited direct effects on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells,marginally enhancing their differentiation towards neurons and partially reversing the pathological phenotype of dopaminergic neurons generated from parkinsonian *** agreement,we found no effects of BNN-20 on the mouse neural progenitor cells grafted in the substantia nigra of weaver ***,the graft strongly induced an endogenous neurogenic response throughout the midbrain,which was significantly enhanced by the administration of microneurotrophin *** results provide straightforward evidence of the existence of an endogenous midbrain neurogenic system that can be specifically strengthened by ***,the lack of major similar activity on cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitors and their progeny reveals the in vivo specificity of the aforementioned pro-neurogenic effect.

关键词： adult neurogenesis BNN-20 brain-derived neurotrophic factor cell replacement induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) neurotrophic factors Parkinson's disease substantia

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