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Functional trait and community phylogenetic analyses reveal environmental filtering as the major determinant of assembly of tropical forest tree communities in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot in India

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 345-360页

作者： K.Nagaraju Shivaprakash B.R.Ramesh ramanan umashaanker Selvadurai Dayanandan Centre for Structural and Functional Genomics Biology Department Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke WestMontrealQC H4BIR6Canada Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Sciences 1205Dr.Penfield AvenueMontreal QC H3A1B1Canada Suri Sehgal Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Ashoka Trust for Research In Ecology and the EnvironmentRoyal Enclave SriramapuraJakkur PostBangaloreKarnataka 560064India French Institute of Pondicherry 11 Saint Louis StreetP.O.Box 33Pondicherry 605001India Department of Crop Physiology University of Agricultural SciencesBangalore India.

Background: Improved understanding of the processes shaping the assembly of tropical tree communities is crucial for gaining insights into the evolution of forest communities and biological diversity. The climate is thought to be the first order determinant of abundance and distribution patterns of tree species with contrasting traits such as evergreen and deciduous leaf phenology. However, the relative role of neutral, and niche-based processes in the evolution of these patterns remain poorly ***: Here, we perform an integrated analysis of the data on tree species abundance, functional traits and community phylogeny from a network of 96 forest plots, each 1 ha in size, distributed along a broad environmental gradient in the central Western Ghats, India. Then, we determine the relative importance of various process in assembly and structuring of tropical forest communities with evergreen and deciduous leaf ***: The deciduous leaf phenological trait has repeatedly evolved among multiple distantly related lineages. Tree communities in dry deciduous forests were phylogenetically clustered and showed a low range and variance of functional traits related to light harvesting, reproduction, and growth suggesting niche-based processes such as environmental filtering play a vital role in the assembly of tree communities in these forests. The external factors such as human-mediated disturbance also significantly, but to a lesser extent, influences the species and phylogenetic ***: These findings revealed that the environmental filtering plays a significant role in assembly of tree communities in the biologically diverse tropical forests in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot.

关键词： Functional traits Phylogenetic turnover Deciduous Evergreen Niche-based processes Human disturbance

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Nonlinear Teager-Kaiser Infomax Boost Clustering Algorithm for Brain Tumor Detection Technique

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 2589-2599页

作者： P.M.Siva Raja S.Brinthakumari K.ramanan Computer Science and Engineering Amrita College of Engineering and TechnologyNagercoil629901India Information Technology K.C College of Engineering and Management Studies and ResearchThaneIndia Computer Science and Engineering NPR College of Engineering and TechnologyDindigul629902India

Brain tumor detection and division is a difficult tedious undertaking in clinical image *** it comes to the new technology that enables accurate identification of the mysterious tissues of the brain,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is a great *** is possible to alter the tumor’s size and shape at any time for any number of patients by using the Brain *** have a difficult time sorting and classifying tumors from multiple *** tumors may be accurately detected using a new approach called Nonlinear Teager-Kaiser Iterative Infomax Boost Clustering-Based Image Segmentation(NTKFIBC-IS).Teager-Kaiser filtering is used to reduce noise artifacts and improve the quality of images before they are *** clinical characteristics are then retrieved and analyzed statistically to identify brain *** use of a BraTS2015 database enables the proposed approach to be used for both qualitative and quantitative *** dataset was used to do experimental evaluations on several metrics such as peak signal-to-noise ratios,illness detection accuracy,and false-positive rates as well as disease detection time as a function of a picture *** segmentation delivers greater accuracy in detecting brain tumors with minimal time consumption and false-positive rates than current stateof-the-art approaches.

关键词： Brain tumor detection image segmentation nonlinear teager kaiser filtering

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Utilization of plant-based natural coagulants as future alternatives towards sustainable water clarification

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第11期26卷 2178-2189页

作者： Sook Yan Choy Krishna Murthy Nagendra Prasad Ta Yeong Wu Mavinakere Eshwaraiah Raghunandan Ramakrishnan Nagasundara ramanan Chemical Engineering Discipline School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Civil Engineering Discipline School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia Advanced Engineering Platform School of Engineering Monash University Malaysia

Rapid industrial developments coupled with surging population growth have complicated issues dealing with water scarcity as the quest for clean and sanitized water intensifies globally. Existing flesh water supplies could be contaminated with organic, inorganic and biological matters that have potential harm to the society. Turbidity in general is a measure of water cloudiness induced by such colloidal and suspended matters and is also one of the major criteria in raw water monitoring to meet the stipulated water quality guidelines. Turbidity reduction is often accomplished using chemical coagulants such as alum. The use of alum is widely associated with potential development of health issues and generation of voluminous sludge. Natural coagulants that are available in abundance can certainly be considered in addressing the drawbacks associated with the use of chemical coagulants. Twenty one types of plant-based natural coagulants categorized as fruit waste and others are identified and presented collectively with their research summary in this review. The barriers and prospects of commercialization of natural coagulants in near future are also discussed.

关键词： Chemical coagulant Commercialization Constraints Fruit waste Protein Turbidity reduction

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3D convolutional selective autoencoder for instability detection in combustion systems

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第2期4卷 80-90页

作者： Tryambak Gangopadhyay Vikram ramanan Adedotun Akintayo Paige K Boor Soumalya Sarkar Satyanarayanan R Chakravarthy Soumik Sarkar Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA Indian Institute of Technology Madras ChennaiIndia Intel Corporation FolsomCAUSA Raytheon Technologies East HartfordCTUSA

While analytical solutions of critical(phase)transitions in dynamical systems are abundant for simple nonlinear systems,such analysis remains intractable for real-life dynamical systems.A key example is thermoacoustic insta-bility in combustion,where prediction or early detection of the onset of instability is a hard technical challenge,which needs to be addressed to build safer and more energy-efficient gas turbine engines powering aerospace and energy *** instabilities arising in combustion chambers of engines are mathematically too complex to *** address this issue in a data-driven manner instead,we propose a novel deep learning architecture called 3D convolutional selective autoencoder(3D-CSAE)to detect the evolution of self-excited oscillations using spatiotemporal data,i.e.,hi-speed videos taken from a swirl-stabilized combustor(laboratory surrogate of gas turbine engine combustor).3D-CSAE consists of filters to learn,in a hierarchical fashion,the complex visual and dynamic features related to combustion instability from the training videos(i.e.,two spatial dimensions for the image frames and the third dimension for time).We train the 3D-CSAE on frames of videos obtained from a limited set of operating *** select the 3D-CSAE hyper-parameters that are effective for characterizing hierarchical and multiscale instability structure evolution by utilizing the dynamic information available in the *** proposed model clearly shows performance improvement in detecting the precursors and the onset of *** machine learning-driven results are verified with physics-based off-line *** active control mechanisms can directly leverage the proposed online detection capability of 3D-CSAE to mitigate the adverse effects of combustion instabilities on the engine operating under various stringent requirements and conditions.

关键词： 3D deep learning Convolutional autoencoder Hi-speed video analytics Combustion instability Gas turbine engines Early detection Instability precursors Physics-based validation

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An Act of Unkindness

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当代外语研究 2005年第10期 9-10页

作者： Sundaram ramanan 刘治

医学检查,尤其是创伤性医学检查,往往会给病人带来不少痛苦。医生如果对病人“善意”地同情而不做必要的检查,就会延误患者的诊断和治疗。这种“善意”往往会导致事与愿违。

关键词：医学检查创伤性善意病人医生痛苦同情诊断延误治疗

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Molecular basis of COVID-19,ARDS and COVID-19-associated ARDS:Diagnosis pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies

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BIOCELL 2023年第11期47卷 2335-2350页

作者： PRIYADHARSHINI THANJAVUR SRIRAMAMOORTHI GAYATHRI GOPAL SHIBI MURALIDAR SAI ramanan ESWARAN DANUSH NARAYAN PANNEERSELVAM BHUVANESWARAN MEIYANATHAN SRICHANDRASEKAR THUTHIKKADU INDHUPRAKASH SENTHIL VISAGA AMBI Biopharmaceutical Research Lab Anusandhan Kendra-1SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed-to-be UniversityThanjavur613401India

The novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)is spreading worldwide and threatening people *** routes by which SARS-CoV-2 causes lung injury have grown to be a major concern in the scientific community since patients with new Coronavirus,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)have a high likelihood of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)in severe *** mortality rate of COVID-19 has increased over the period due to rapid spread,and it becomes crucial to understand the disease epidemiology,pathogenic mechanisms,and suitable treatment *** is a respiratory disorder and is one of the clinical manifestations observed in patients with severe *** this scenario,it is important to address this problem to develop suitable treatment *** review attempts to present the prevalence of ARDS in COVID-19 patients and their predictive causes and risk factors,highlighting the contrasting features of COVID-19-induced ARDS with typical *** review also presents insights into the association between SARS-CoV-2 and lung damage while exploring the potential COVID-19 mechanisms in ARDS from the perspective of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 protein,cytokine storm,immune responses,and other signaling *** review also discusses the diagnosis strategies,pathogenesis,risk factors,and treatment options of COVID-19-related ARDS.

关键词： ARDS SARS-CoV-2 Variants Pathogenesis Risk factors Vaccines

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美国和欧洲生物类似药的发展（英文）

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药物分析杂志 2015年第5期35卷 777-787页

作者： Richard Markus Victor Fung Sundar ramanan Biosimilars Development Amgen Inc. Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA Global Biosimilars Regulatory Policy Amgen Inc. Thousand Oaks CA 91320 USA

生物类似药(biosimilars)是与已批准上市的生物制品高度相似的药物,与小分子仿制药物(generics)不同,生物类似药并不是他们参比制品的精确复制品。尽管高度相似,生物类似药在某些方面仍然可能与参比制品不同,生物类似药间也会互不相同... 详细信息

生物类似药(biosimilars)是与已批准上市的生物制品高度相似的药物,与小分子仿制药物(generics)不同,生物类似药并不是他们参比制品的精确复制品。尽管高度相似,生物类似药在某些方面仍然可能与参比制品不同,生物类似药间也会互不相同。生物制品不仅由于其复杂的性质和生产过程,还由于存在独特的免疫原性和活性的安全隐患,给研发和监管带来了相当大的挑战。欧洲药品管理局和美国食品药品管理局的指导原则建议采用"证据链完备性"(totality-of-evidence)的方法全面覆盖生物类似药物开发的各个步骤,包括分析表征化、结构相似性和功能等效性等的证据。这种"证据链完备性"是生物类似药整个研发过程中其余工作的基石,包括必须的动物试验研究、人体药代动力学/药效学研究,以及至少1个临床研究,以证实生物类似药功效等效,并且免疫原性或安全性风险没有增加。临床研究应选择敏感人群来进行试验,以便发现任何有临床意义的差异。工艺稳定质量恒定的生物类似药的研发需要丰富的经验和专业技能,只有这样才能够确保患者得到良好治疗。

关键词：生物类似药的研发监管指导原则欧洲药品管理局指导原则美国食品药品管理局指导原则证据链完备性生物相似性

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非晶合金配电变压器最大限度节约能源

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电气制造 2014年第5期 22-26页

作者： V.R.ramanan Martin Carlen ABB集团研究院电源技术研发中心 ABB电力产业部变压器业务单元

随着全球人口不断增长,能耗需求日益扩大,维系这个电力紧缺的世界需要靠节能产品和可靠电网的支撑。当前节能计划和能效要求的驱动力来自全球性和地区性的CO2减排倡议。谈到配电变压器,作为供电系统的一个重要组成部分,其安装量大,即便... 详细信息

随着全球人口不断增长,能耗需求日益扩大,维系这个电力紧缺的世界需要靠节能产品和可靠电网的支撑。当前节能计划和能效要求的驱动力来自全球性和地区性的CO2减排倡议。谈到配电变压器,作为供电系统的一个重要组成部分,其安装量大,即便是新型变压器,对能源的损耗从总量来看仍然是惊人的。据估计,全球此类能源损耗占总发电量的2.3%,约25 GW。每节约1 GW,大约相当于每年减少500万t的CO2排放量。作为全球领先的变压器制造商,ABB现已开发出油浸式非晶合金配电变压器和EcoDry非晶合金干式配电变压器,相对于传统铁心材料,能够减少70%的空载损耗。

关键词：非晶合金配电变压器制造领域新材料生产新工艺节约能源非晶合金变压器变压器行业铁心

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Treatment Patterns and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma in the Community Oncology Setting

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第6期4卷 24-31页

作者： Mark S. Walker Lee S. Schwartzberg Diana M. Chen D. Devi ramanan Arthur C. Houts Carolina Reyes ACORN Research LLC Memphis USA Genentech Inc. South San Francisco USA The West Clinic Memphis USA

Advanced basal cell carcinoma (aBCC) includes metastatic and locally advanced BCC that is inoperable (or with surgery contraindicated). We describe patient characteristics and treatment history for aBCC cases from community oncology. Nine cases of aBCC were found within the ACORN Data Warehouse, a community oncology database of >180,000 cancer patients. Data were summarized descriptively. Three illustrative case histories are presented. Patients were predominantly Caucasian (8/9), male (6/9), and over 60 (6/9). Four had metastatic disease;five had aBCC without metastasis. Five had a history of treatment for early stage BCC, including surgery (5/5), radiation (1/5), and none had chemotherapy. Those with history of early stage BCC had periods of apparent lack of follow-up and treatment. One had chemotherapy for aBCC (platinum based with radiation) and eight had radiation without chemotherapy. Patients had multiple comorbid serious medical conditions. Six were deceased, but only one was documented to have aBCC as cause of death. Advanced BCC is rare in community oncology settings. There appear to be gaps in the care and follow-up of patients with initial early stage BCC. More data and larger samples are needed from multi-specialty databases such as dermatology and head and neck surgery.

关键词： Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma Community Oncology Treatment Patterns Observational Study Long Term Follow Up

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环境伦理与可持续发展给环境专业人士的案例集锦 1-1

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丛书名：国际环境工程先进技术译丛Aguo ji huan jing gong cheng xian jin ji shu yi cong

2017年

作者：（美）哈尔·塔贝克（Hal Taback）（美）拉姆·拉姆那（Ram ramanan）

本书包括两大部分。第1部分从人类本能、公共政策、公司治理、企业社会责任、环境伦理人才培训等方面,对环境伦理学的起源和挑战进行了精彩论述。第2部分收录了51个环境专业人员所面临的多种环境伦理困境,每个案例均以困境、讨论、建议... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)9787111568599

ISBN: (纸本)9787111568599

本书包括两大部分。第1部分从人类本能、公共政策、公司治理、企业社会责任、环境伦理人才培训等方面,对环境伦理学的起源和挑战进行了精彩论述。第2部分收录了51个环境专业人员所面临的多种环境伦理困境,每个案例均以困境、讨论、建议措施等结构编排,条理清楚,深入浅出,极富启发性和参考性。

关键词：环境科学伦理学研究

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