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Cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing and mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第6期10卷 609-619,F0003页

作者： Yasmin Ezzatvar MikelIzquierdo Julio Núñez Joaquín Calatayud Robinson ramírez-vélez Antonio García-Hermoso Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group(EXINH-RG) Department of PhysiotherapyUniversitat de ValènciaValencia 46010Spain Navarrabiomed Navarra Hospital Complex(CHN)Public University of Navarra(UPNA)Navarra Medical Research Institute(IdiSNA)Pamplona 31008Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging(CIBERFES) Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadrid 28029Spain Department of Cardiology Valencia University HospitalBiomedical Research Institute(INCLIVA)Valencia 46010Spain CIBER in Cardiovascular Diseases(CIBERCv) Madrid 28029Spain Sciences of Physical Activity Sports and Health SchoolUniversity of Santiago of Chile(USACH)Santiago 71783-5Chile

Background Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is inversely associated with mortality in apparently healthy subjects and in some clinical populations,but evidence for the association between CRF and all-cause and/or cardiovascular disease(CvD)mortality in patients with established CvD is *** study aimed to quantify this *** We searched for prospective cohort studies that measured CRF with cardiopulmonary exercise testing in patients with CvD and that examined all-cause and CvD mortality with at least 6 months of *** hazard ratios(HRs)were calculated using random-effect inverse-variance *** Data were obtained from 21 studies and included 159,352 patients diagnosed with CvD(38.1%female).Pooled HRs for all-cause and CvD mortality comparing the highest *** category of CRF were 0.42(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.28–0.61)and 0.27(95%CI:0.16–0.48),*** HRs per 1 metabolic equivalent(1-MET)increment were significant for all-cause mortality(HR=0.81;95%CI:0.74–0.88)but not for CvD mortality(HR=0.75;95%CI:0.48–1.18).Coronary artery disease patients with high CRF had a lower risk of all-cause mortality(HR=0.32;95%CI:0.26–0.41)than did their unfit *** 1-MET increase was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk among coronary artery disease patients(HR=0.83;95%CI:0.76–0.91)but not lower among those with heart failure(HR=0.69;95%CI:0.36–1.32).Conclusion A better CRF was associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality and *** study supports the use of CRF as a powerful predictor of mortality in this population.

关键词： Cardiopulmonary fitness Coronary artery disease Exercise capacity Heart failure Survival

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Nucleation Analysis of variant Transformed from Austenite with Σ_(3) Boundary in High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第4期34卷 523-533页

作者： Bin-Bin Wu Zhi-Quan Wang Cheng-Jia Shang Yi-Shuang Yu Devesh misra Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Anshan114000China Laboratory for Excellence in Advanced Steel Research Department of MetallurgicalMaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El Paso500 WUniversity AvenueEl PasoTX79968USA

We elucidate here the effects of annealing twins on phase transformation products based on electron back-scatter diffraction analysis and corresponding microstructure visualization and quantification *** and bainite were obtained by rapid continuous cooling and isothermal processing at different temperatures,respectively,which were designed to study variants formed in austenite with Σ_(3) *** isothermal transformation near martensite start(M_(s))temperature was most conducive in obtaining the highest content of twin-related v_(1)/v_(2) variant *** on the classical nucleation theory of martensite and bainite,respectively,the role of austenite Σ_(3) boundary in martensite and bainite transformation is illustrated.

关键词： Steel AusteniteΣ_(3)boundary variant Phase transformation Martensite Bainite

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Correcting the Gutenberg–Richter b-value for effects of rounding and noise

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Earthquake Science 2015年第2期28卷 129-134页

作者： v.H.Márquez-ramírez F.A.Nava F.R.Zúiga UNAM Campus Querétaro México Centro de GeocienciasBlvd.Juriquilla No 3001 76230 México Querétaro México Seismology Department CICESE Carretera Ensenada-Tijuana No 3918 Zona Playitas 22860 Ensenada BC México

The effects of magnitude rounding and of the presence of noise in the rounded magnitudes on the estimation of the Gutenberg-Richter b-value are explored, and the ways to correct for these effects are proposed. For typical values, b = 1 and rounding interval △M = 0.1, the rounding error is approximately -10^-3 and it can be corrected to a negligible approximately -10^-5. For the same typical values, the effect of noise can be larger, depending on the characteristics of the noise distribution; for normally distributed noise with standard deviation σ = 0.1, the correct b-value may be underestimated by a factor - 0.97.

关键词： b-value Noise Magnitude

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Efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients:A systematic review of clinical trials

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 156-164页

作者： Carlos M Ardila Pradeep K Yadalam Jaime ramírez-Arbelaez Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Dentistry Biomedical Stomatology Research GroupUniversidad de Antioquia U de AMedellín 0057Colombia Department of Postdoctoral Program CIFE University CenterCuernavaca 62330MorelosMexico Department of Periodontics Saveetha Dental CollegeSaveetha Institute of Medical and HealthSIMATSSaveetha UniversityChennai 600077Tamil NaduIndia Department of Transplantation Hospital San Vicente FundaciónRionegro 054047Colombia

BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ *** To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant *** A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and *** review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial *** search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language *** After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were *** most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also *** antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and *** concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two *** All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microor

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance Antimicrobials Antivirals Solid organ transplant recipients Infections Microorganisms Cytomegalovirus

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Assessment of Mg(OH)_(2)/TiO_(2) coating in the Mg-Ca-Zn alloy for improved corrosion resistance and antibacterial performance

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第1期11卷 361-378页

作者： Leonardo Hernández Jesús ramón-Sierra Montserrat Soria-Castro Ángel Bacelis Geonel Rodríguez-Gattorno Elizabeth Ortiz-vázquez Gloria Acosta Applied Physics Department Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute(CINVESTAV-IPN)Carr.Ant.a Progreso km.6C.P.97310MeridaYucatanMexico Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida.Av.Tecnológico s/n Km.4.5 ant.Carr.Mérida-Progreso C.P.97118MéridaYucatánMéxico Facultad de Química Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Av.Universidad 3000C.P.04510CoyoacánCDMXMéxico

The high activity of metallic magnesium and alloys limits its potential in biomedical applications;in recent years,extensive efforts have been devoted to modulating this *** this work,we present Mg(OH)_(2) and TiO_(2)barrier coatings to reduce the degradation of magnesium alloy(Mg-Ca-Zn)*** coatings were deposited by the anodization method and the spin-coating technique,*** anodized layer was coated with TiO_(2)generated from the hydrolysis of 3%weight of TTIP(Ti[OCH(CH_(3))_(2)]_(4),Titanium(Iv)isopropoxide)in 2-Propanol deposited by the spin-coating *** the degradation in Ringer’s solution by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and OCP revealed a 98%reduction in pittings in uncoated samples after 14 days of *** p H measurements revealed that the TiO_(2)coating reduced the alkalization of the physiological environment,keeping the pH at 6.0 *** vitro studies of two types of bacteria(*** and ***)exhibited zones of inhibition in the agar and activity bactericidal(kill time test).The mechanisms behind the improved degradation resistance and enhanced antibacterial activity are presented and discussed *** modification with Mg(OH)_(2)/TiO_(2)coatings is a promising strategy to control the biodegradation of magnesium implants for bone regeneration.

关键词： Magnesium alloy EIS Mg(OH)_(2) TiO_(2) Antibacterial coatings

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Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in racial and ethnic migrant groups

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第3期24卷 424-437页

作者： Ravi misra Omar Faiz Pia Munkholm Johan Burisch Naila Arebi Department of Gastroenterology St.Marks Academic Institute Surgical Epidemiology Trials and Outcome CentreSt.Marks Academic Institute Department of Gastroen-terology North Zealand University Hospital

AIM To summarise the current literature and define patterns of disease in migrant and racial *** A structured key word search in Ovid Medline and EMBASE was undertaken in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Studies on incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype of migrants and races compared with indigenous groups were eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Thirty-three studies met the inclusion criteria. Individual studies showed significant differences in incidence, prevalence and disease phenotype between migrants or race and indigenous groups. Pooled analysis could only be undertaken for incidence studies on South Asians where there was significant heterogeneity between the studies [95% for ulcerative colitis(UC), 83% for Crohn's disease(CD)]. The difference between incidence rates was not significant with a rate ratio South Asian: Caucasian of 0.78(95%CI: 0.22-2.78) for CD and 1.39(95%CI: 0.84-2.32) for UC. South Asians showed consistently higher incidence and more extensive UC than the indigenous population in five countries. A similar pattern was observed for Hispanics in the United States. Bangladeshis and African Americans showed an increased risk of CD with perianal disease. CONCLUSION This review suggests that migration and race influence the risk of developing inflammatory bowel disease. This may be due to different inherent responses upon exposure to an environmental trigger in the adopted country. Further prospective studies on homogenous migrant populations are needed to validate these observations, with a parallel arm for in-depth investigation of putative drivers.

关键词： Epidemiology Ethnicity Migration

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Risk factors for low high-density lipoprotein among Asian Indians in the United States

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第6期8卷 297-303页

作者： Brandon Lucke-Wold Ranjita misra Thakor G Patel Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences School of Public HealthWest Virginia University Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences West Virginia University School of Public Health Uniformed University of Health Sciences

AIM To examine the differences in metabolic risk factors(RFs) by gender in the Asian Indian(AI) population in the United States. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from 1038 randomly selected Asian Indians, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome(Met S) RFs, cardiovascular disease,and diabetes. RESULTS A greater percent of women in this group had increased waist circumference and low high density lipoprotein(HDL) levels than men, but AI males had increased blood glucose, increased blood pressure, and increased triglycerides compared to females. Those individuals who met the Met S criteria had increased cardiovascular disease. One of the biggest single RFs for cardiovascular disease and diabetes reported in the literature for AIs is low HDL. CONCLUSION Our results show that lack of knowledge about diabetes, low physical activity, increased body mass index, and age were the factors most significantly correlated with low HDL in this population. Future studies and prospective trials are needed to further elucidate causes of the Met S and diabetes in AIs.

关键词： Asian Indians Diabetes Cardiovascular disease Metabolic syndrome Low high density lipoprotein

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Grain boundary and microstructure engineering of Inconel 690 cladding on stainless-steel 316L using electron-beam powder bed fusion additive manufacturing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第2期35卷 351-367页

作者： I.A.Segura L.E.Murr C.A.Terrazas D.Bermudez J.Mireles v.S.v.Injeti K.Li B.Yu R.D.K.misra R.B.Wicker W.M.Keck Center for 3D Innovation The University of Texas at El Paso Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at El Paso

This research explores the prospect of fabricating a face-centered cubic(fcc) Ni-base alloy cladding(Inconel 690) on an fcc Fe-base alloy(316 L stainless-steel) having improved mechanical properties and reduced sensitivity to corrosion through grain boundary and microstructure engineering concepts enabled by additive manufacturing(AM) utilizing electron-beam powder bed fusion(EPBF). The unique solidification and associated constitutional supercooling phenomena characteristic of EPBF promotes[100] textured and extended columnar grains having lower energy grain boundaries as opposed to random, high-angle grain boundaries, but no coherent {111} twin boundaries characteristic of conventional thermo-mechanically processed fcc metals and alloys, including Inconel 690 and 316 L *** addition to [100] textured grains, columnar grains were produced by EPBF fabrication of Inconel 690 claddings on 316 L stainless-steel substrates. Also, irregular 2–3 μm diameter, low energy subgrains were formed along with dislocation densities varying from 108 to 109 cm^2, and a homogeneous distribution of Cr_(23)C_6 precipitates. Precipitates were formed within the grains(with ~3 μm interparticle spacing),but not in the subgrain or columnar grain boundaries. These inclusive, hierarchical microstructures produced a tensile yield strength of 0.527 GPa, elongation of 21%, and vickers microindentation hardness of 2.33 GPa for the Inconel 690 cladding in contrast to a tensile yield strength of 0.327 GPa, elongation of 53%, and vickers microindentation hardness of 1.78 GPa, respectively for the wrought 316 L stainlesssteel substrate. Aging of both the Inconel 690 cladding and the 316 L stainless-steel substrate at 685?C for50 h precipitated Cr_(23)C_6 carbides in the Inconel 690 columnar grain boundaries, but not in the low-angle(and low energy) subgrain boundaries. In contrast, Cr_(23)C_6 carbides precipitated in the 316 L stainless-steel grain boundaries, but not in the low energy

关键词： Additive manufacturing Electron-beam powder bed fusion (EPBF) Inconel 690 cladding 316L stainless steel Grain boundary engineering Materials characterization Mechanical properties

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Systematic analysis of low/hard state RXTE spectra of GX 339–4 to constrain the geometry of the system

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2018年第5期18卷 37-46页

作者： Kalyani Bagri Ranjeev.misra Anjali Rao Jagdish Singh Yadav Shiv Kumar Pandey Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University Raipur Chhattisgard 492010 India Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Ganeshkhind Pune 411007 India Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Colaba Mumbai 400005 India

One of the popular models for the low/hard state of black hole binaries is that the standard accretion disk is truncated and the hot inner region produces, via Comptonization, hard X-ray *** is supported by the value of the high energy photon index, which is often found to be small,～ 1.7（〈 2）, implying that the hot medium is starved of seed photons. On the other hand, the suggestive presence of a broad relativistic Fe line during the hard state would suggest that the accretion disk is not truncated but extends all the way to the innermost stable circular orbit. In such a case, it is a puzzle why the hot medium would remain photon starved. The broad Fe line should be accompanied by a broad smeared reflection hump at ～ 30 ke v and it may be that this additional component makes the spectrum hard and the intrinsic photon index is larger, i.e. 〉2. This would mean that the medium is not photon deficient, reconciling the presence of a broad Fe line in the observed hard state. To test this hypothesis,we have analyzed the RXTE observations of GX 339–4 from the four outbursts during 2002–2011 and identify observations when the system was in the hard state and showed a broad Fe line. We have then attempted to fit these observations with models, which include smeared reflection, to understand whether the intrinsic photon index can indeed be large. We find that, while for some observations the inclusion of reflection does increase the photon index, there are hard state observations with a broad Fe line that have photon indices less than 2.

关键词： accretion accretion disks - stars black holes - X-rays binaries - X-rays individual(GX 339-4)

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Integrin binding peptides facilitate growth and interconnected vascular-like network formation of rat primary cortical vascular endothelial cells in vitro

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1052-1056页

作者： ram Kuwar Xuejun Wen Ning Zhang Dong Sun Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Medical College of Virginia CampusVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering College of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering College of EngineeringVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVAUSA

Neovascularization and angiogenesis in the brain are important physiological processes for normal brain development and repair/regeneration following insults. Integrins are cell surface adhesion receptors mediating important function of cells such as survival, growth and development during tissue organization, differentiation and organogenesis. In this study, we used an integrin-binding array platform to identify the important types of integrins and their binding peptides that facilitate adhesion, growth, development, and vascular-like network formation of rat primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. Brain microvascular endothelial cells were isolated from rat brain on post-natal day 7. Cells were cultured in a custom-designed integrin array system containing short synthetic peptides binding to 16 types of integrins commonly expressed on cells in vertebrates. After 7 days of culture, the brain microvascular endothelial cells were processed for immunostaining with markers for endothelial cells including von Willibrand factor and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule. 5-Bromo-2′-dexoyuridine was added to the culture at 48 hours prior to fixation to assess cell proliferation. Among 16 integrins tested, we found that α5β1, αvβ5 and αvβ8 greatly promoted proliferation of endothelial cells in culture. To investigate the effect of integrin-binding peptides in promoting neovascularization and angiogenesis, the binding peptides to the above three types of integrins were immobilized to our custom-designed hydrogel in three-dimensional(3 D) culture of brain microvascular endothelial cells with the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor. Following a 7-day 3 D culture, the culture was fixed and processed for double labeling of phalloidin with von Willibrand factor or platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule and assessed under confocal microscopy. In the 3 D culture in hydrogels conjugated with the integrin-binding peptide, brain microvascular endothelial c

关键词： 3D culture angiogenesis brain microvascular endothelial cells hydrogel integrins platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule(PECAM-1) vascular endothelial growth factor(vEGF) vascularization

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