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Effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract on testicular function of Wistar rats

Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第3期4卷 175-178页

作者： R. S. Gupta rakhi sharma Aruna sharma A.K. Bhatnager M.P. Dobhal Y.C. Joshi M.C. sharma Reproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaReproduction Physiology Section Department of Zoology University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry S.S. Jain Subodh P.G. College Jaipur-302004 IndiaRoswell Park Cancer Institute Elm & Carlton Streets Buffalo New York 14263 USADepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 IndiaDepartment of Chemistry University of Rajasthan Jaipur-302004 India

Abstract Aim: To evaluate the antifertility effect ofAlstonia scholaris bark extract in male rats. Methods: In male Wistar rats Alstonia scholaris bark extract was given by oral route at a dose of 200 mg/day for 60 days. The fertility and testicular function were assessed by mating tests, sperm motility, sperm concentration, biochemical indices and testicular cell population dynamics. Results: Oral feeding with the extract at a dose of 200 mg/day for the period of 60 days did not cause body weight loss, while the weights of testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate were significantly reduced. The production of step-19 spermatids was reduced by 79.6% in treated rats. The population of preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes were decreased by 61.9% and 60.1%, respectively. Spermatogonia and Sertoli cell population were also affected. The seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell nuclear area were reduced significantly (P<0.01) when compared to the controls. Reduced sperm count and motility resulted in a total suppression of fertility. A significant fall in the protein and sialic acid content of the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate as well as glycogen content of testes were also noticed. The fructose content in the seminal vesicle was lowered whereas the testicular cholesterol was elevated as compared with the controls. The following compounds were obtained from the extract with chromatographic separation over Si-gel column: α-amyrin, β-amyrin, lupiol acetate, venenative, rhazine and yohimbine. Conclusion: At the dose level employed, Alstonia scholaris bark extract has a significant antifertility effect in male rats; the primary site of action may be post meiotic germ cells (Step 19 spermatids).

关键词： Alstonia scholaris testis sperm motility sialic acid Sertoli cells

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EUS-guided Gall Bladder Drainage in Severe Liver Disease: A Single-center Experience in Critically Ill Cirrhotics

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 35-39页

作者： Kapil Dev Jamwal Manoj Kumar sharma rakhi Maiwall Barjesh Kumar sharma Shiv Kumar Sarin Department of Hepatology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesD1Vasant KunjNew DelhiIndia Department of Hepatology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesD1Vasant KunjNew Delhi 110070India

Background and Aims:Acute calculous cholecystitis with impending gall bladder perforation in severe liver diseases including decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)is difficult to manage,due to the procedures such as cholecystectomy and percutaneous cholecystostomy being associated with high risk and complications in these ***:Four cases of severe liver disease with acute calculous cholecystitis who presented to the Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences(New Delhi,India)for further management were included in the study if they underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided gall bladder drainage(EUS-GBD).The patients were followed up for a minimum of 3 months and outcomes were ***:Four cases of severe liver disease(three ACLF and one decompensated cirrhosis),with model for end-stage liver disease scores of 24,26,23 and 25 respectively,presented with acute calculous cholecystitis(Tokyo grade III)and systemic sepsis(high total leukocyte counts).Their international normalized ratios were 2.3,2.6,2.2 and 2.9 respectively,and two were in shock,requiring inotropes at *** of the abdomen confirmed hugely distended gall bladder with stone impacted at the neck and moderate *** these cases underwent EUS-GBD by linear echo endoscope,and had the gastric wall punctured in the antrum using a 19G access needle followed by dilatation of the tract using controlled radial expansion balloon and Sohendra *** three cases,the plastic stents were *** the fourth case,a Nagi stent was *** the patients recovered and were discharged within a ***:EUS-GBD is challenging in severe liver disease but represents a life-saving procedure,and hence can be attempted in such critically ill patients with utmost care and precaution.

关键词： ACLF Acute-on-chronic liver failure Cholecystitis Ascites

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Implications of metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in COVID-19

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1275-1286页

作者： Raja Chakraborty Deepak sharma Devesh U Kapoor Akanksha Dwivedi rakhi Khabiya Saikat Sen Institute of Pharmacy Assam Don Bosco UniversityGuwahati 782402AssamIndia School of Medical Sciences Adamas UniversityKolkata 700126West BengalIndia Department of Pharmacy Dr.Dayaram Patel Pharmacy CollegeBardoli 394601GujaratIndia Department of Pharmacy Acropolis Institute of Pharmaceutical Education&ResearchIndore 453771Madhya PradeshIndia Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Assam down town UniversityGuwahati 781026AssamIndia

Metabolic associated fatty liver disorder(MAFLD)characterizes the contributing etiologies(i.e.,type 2 diabetes mellitus,metabolic syndrome,overweight)of individuals with fatty liver disease that affects 1/3rd of the world *** 2020,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)crisis was unprecedented,and people with different comorbidities became more susceptible to the infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** patients are frequently obese with added metabolic menace like diabetes,hypertension,and dyslipidemia leading to greater jeopardy of *** patients are 4 to 6-fold more prone towards ***-19 induces liver injury with elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase and insignificantly elevated ***,MAFLD in COVID-19 patients worsens the condition *** evidence highlighting the interaction between MAFLD and altered liver functioning in COVID-19 suggested that COVID-19 patients with pre-existing MAFLD are at greater risk of morbidity or intensive care unit *** hepatic injury,enhanced levels of inflammatory cytokines,declined hepatic mitochondrial activity,and compromised immunity are considered as some underlying *** main focus of this review is to discuss the implications of metabolic dysfunction associated with fatty liver disease in COVID-19 *** review systematically analyzes the effect of striking two worldwide pandemics(MAFLD and COVID-19)together in the present era.

关键词： Metabolic associated fatty liver disorder COVID-19 Metabolic dysfunction Hepatic damage Cytokine storm

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Case Control Study of Post-endoscopic Variceal Ligation Bleeding Ulcers in Severe Liver Disease: Outcomes and Management

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第1期7卷 32-39页

作者： Kapil D.Jamwal rakhi Maiwall Manoj K.sharma Guresh Kumar Shiv K.Sarin Department of Gastroenterology Artemis Hospital GurugramHaryanaIndia Department of Hepatology Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Gastroenterology Dharamshila Narayana Superspeciality HospitalNew DelhiIndia Department of Research and Biostatistics Institute of Liver and Biliary SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Background and Aims:The management of post-endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)bleeding ulcers(PEBUs)is currently based on local expertise and patients liver disease *** present retrospective study investigated associations between the endoscopic morphology of PEBUs and patient ***:Patients underwent EVL(primary or secondary),from January 2015 to January 2018,in two tertiary care hospitals in India(ILBS New Delhi and Dharamshila Narayana New Delhi).Mortality rates were determined at post-EVL day five and week *** were typified based on Jamwal&Sarin classification system as follows:A,ulcer with active spurting;B,ulcer with ooze;C,ulcer base with visible vessel or clot;and D,clean or pigmented ***:Of 3854 EVL procedures,141(3.6%)patients developed PEBU,and 46/141(32.6%)suffered *** the former,the PEBU types A,B,C,and D accounted for 17.7,26.2,36.3,and 19.8%,*** those who died,39.1,30.4,21.7,and 8.8%had PEBU types A,B,C,and *** included transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS),esophageal self-expandable metal stent(SEMS),glue and sclerosant injection,Sengstaken-Blakemore tube placement and liver *** univariate analysis,no correlation with hepatic venous pressure gradient,TIPS placement,size of varices,or number of bands was *** Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD)-sodium score correlated positively with *** adjusting for MELD-sodium score,mortality was best predicted by type-A ulcer(p=0.024;OR 8.95,CI 1.34-59.72).Conclusions:PEBU occurred in 3.6%of a large EVL *** patients based on PEBU type can help predict outcomes,independent of the MELD-sodium *** PEBUs by endoscopic morphology may inform treatment strategies,and warrants further validation.

关键词： Post-endoscopic variceal ligation bleeding ulcers Severe liver disease Case control study Clinical outcomes

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Nurses and nursing students’knowledge regarding blood transfusion:A comparative cross-sectional study

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Journal of Integrative Nursing 2022年第3期4卷 137-144页

作者： rakhi GAUR Shiv Kumar MUDGAL Neha SUYAL Suresh Kumar sharma Rajat AGARWAL Ritu RAJ Chaturvedi JITENDER College of Nursing AIIMSDeogharJharkhandIndia Government Nursing College HaldwaniUttarakhandIndia College of Nursing AIIMSJodhpurRajasthanIndia Department of CTVS AIIMSDeogharJharkhandIndia Department of Medicine AIIMSDeogharJharkhandIndia Department of Neurosurgery AIIMSRishikeshUttarakhandIndia

Objective:The objective of this study is to measure and compare the knowledge of nursing students and nurses on blood transfusion in an Indian *** and Methods:The present comparative,cross-sectional study enrolled 296 nurses and 177 nursing students through a purposive sampling from a medical university hospital and different nursing *** data were collected in the month of June and July of year 2021,using a self-structured *** questionnaire had two sections:Section-I contained demographic data(8 items for nurses and 5 for students)and section-II included 26 items that assessed nurses’and nursing students’knowledge on blood ***:Findings indicated that nurses and nursing students had insufficient knowledge about blood ***,however,had significantly greater total blood transfusion knowledge scores than nursing students(16.51±3.85 vs.12.10±3.28;P<0.001).The marital status(adjusted odds ratio[AOR]=0.456,95%confidence interval[CI]0.244,0.853;P=0.037),educational level(AOR=5.072,95%CI 1.982,9.634(P=0.003);AOR=6.540,95%CI 2.54,16.871;P=0.001)and work experience(AOR=0.216,95%CI 0.067,0.702[P=0.037];AOR=0.331,95%CI 0.135,0.811;P=0.013)were the significant predictors of the level of knowledge among *** attendance in any educational programme on blood transfusion(AOR=0.225,95%CI:0.062,0.818;P=0.041)was a significant predictor of the level of knowledge among nursing ***:Nurses and nursing students have unsatisfactory knowledge on blood transfusion;emphasizing the critical need for immediate and successful teaching activities in this area.

关键词： Blood transfusion comparative knowledge nurses nursing students

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Medication adherence and quality of life among type-2 diabetes mellitus patients in India

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第10期12卷 1740-1749页

作者： rakhi Mishra Suresh K sharma Rajni Verma Priyanka Kangra Preeti Dahiya Preeti Kumari Priya Sahu Priyanka Bhakar Reena Kumawat Ravinder Kaur Ravinder Kaur Ravi Kant College of Nursing All India Institute of Medical SciencesUttarakhand 249203RishikeshIndia Department of Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesUttarakhand 249203RishikeshIndia

BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a progressively increasing metabolic disorder and a significant public health burden that demands immediate global ***,there is a paucity of data about adherence to antidiabetic drugs among patients with type-2(T2)DM in Uttarakhand,*** research reported that more than 50%of patients do not adhere to the correct administration and appropriate medicine *** has been reported that patients with chronic diseases who adhere to treatment may experience improvement in quality of life(QoL)and vice *** To assess the adherence to antidiabetic medication and QoL among patients with *** This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand,*** Medication Adherence Rating Scale and World Health Organization QoL-BREF scale were used to assess medication adherence and *** Two hundred seventy-seven patients suffering from T2DM participated in the *** mean age was 50.80(±10.6)years,155(56%)had a poor adherence level and 122(44%)had a good adherence level to antidiabetic *** adjusting for sociodemographic factors,multiple linear regression analysis found patients who were adherent to antidiabetic medications had significantly higher mean overall perception of QoL and overall perception of health,with beta scores of 0.36 and 0.34,respectively(both P=0.000)points compared with nonadherent *** There was an association between medication adherence and QoL in patients with ***,there is a need to plan awareness and counseling programs followed by regular follow-up to motivate patient adherence to recommended treatment and lifestyle regimens.

关键词： Medication adherence Quality of life Diabetes mellitus Tertiary care hospital India

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