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Optimal Policy for EOQ Model with Two Level of Trade Credits in One Replenishment Cycle

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American Journal of Operations Research 2012年第1期2卷 51-58页

作者： Amit Sharma Ruchi goel Naresh kumar Dua Department of Mathematics and Humanities Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology (SVNIT) Surat India Department of Mathematics Dev Nagri (Post Graduate) College Meerut India Department of Mathematics PDM College of Engineering Bahadurgarh India

In general, a supplier/retailer frequently offer trade credit to stimulate their respective sales. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optimal supplier/retailer’s replenishment decisions under two levels of trade credit policy within the economic order quantity (EOQ) framework. This paper deals with the supplier/retailer’s inventory replenishment problem under two levels of trade credit in one replenishment cycle. A different approach of two levels of trade credit is used, which give more freedom to the supplier/retailer in business. In addition, the easy-to-use procedure is developed to efficiently find the optimal cycle time for the retailer under minimizing annual total relevant cost. Finally, a numerical example is given to illustrate these results.

关键词： EOQ Model Inventory Two Levels of Trade Credit Replenishment Cycle

Genesis of Graphite in Betul Belt, Madhya Pradesh, India: Inferences Based on Petrographic and Other Studies

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第11期12卷 983-1012页

作者： rajendra kumar Sharma Biswajeet Lenka Syed Ajaz Ahmed A-55 Anand Vihar Jagatpura Jaipur Rajsathan India Geological Survey of India Bhubaneswar India Geological Survey of India Jaipur India

Betul belt is known for its volcanic massive sulphide type of mineralization in the geological circles of India. But here the betul belt has been presented with a different qualification, which is graphite mineralization. The graphite mineralization is popularly known within the proterozoic sediments of Aravalli Supegroup of rocks in South Rajasthan and in its extension in the Jhabua and Alirajpur districts of Madhaya Pradesh. The graphite mineralization in Betul belt is confined to the supracrustals enclosed within the granite gneisses and has been brought on the national map after the recently explored blocks by geological survey of India, which were auctioned for the commercial exploitation. This paper briefly discuses the possible mechanism of formation and the nature of mineralization of graphite here in this belt, essentially based on the inferences drawn from petrography supported by scanning electron microscopic and XRD data. It is concluded that major proportion of the graphite mineralization here is accumulated due to progressive metamorphism of the organic matter deposited along with various sediments, while a considerable component has been contributed by the precipitation from super critical graphite rich fluids.

关键词： Betul Belt Graphite Graphitization Lensoid Organic Matter

Erratum to:Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2449-2450页

作者： Finu SHRESTHA GAO Xiao Narendra Raj KHANAL Sudan Bikash MAHARJAN rajendra Bahadur SHRESTHA WU Li-zong Pradeep kumar MOOL Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development(ICIMOD) 44600 KathmanduNepal Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute(CAREERI) CASLanzhou 730000China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan University44600 KirtipurNepal Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200135China

The article Decadal glacial lake changes in the Koshi basin,central Himalaya,from 1977 to 2010,derived from Landsat satellite images,written by Finu SHRESTHA,GAO Xiao,Narendra Raj KHANAL,Sudan Bikash MAHARJAN,rajendra Bahadur SHRESTHA,WU Li-zong,Pradeep kumar MOOL and Samjwal Ratna BAJRACHARYA,was originally erroneously published electronicaliy on the publisher's internet portal(currently SpringerLink)on 04 October 2017 without open access.

关键词： glacial basin images

Vitreous microparticles contain apoptotic signals suggesting a diabetic vitreopathy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 89-97页

作者： Harris Sultan Rithwick Rajagopal Prabakar kumar Rao Kisha Deslee Piggott Michael A Paley Lynn Marisa Hassman Albert S.Li Brigid Marshall rajendra Shridhar Apte John Hardesty Department of Ophthalmology Washington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Medicine Division of RheumatologyWashington UniversitySt.LouisMO 63110USA Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21201USA

AIM:To evaluate differences in microparticle profiles in vitreous samples between diabetic and non-diabetic eyes undergoing ***:Un-masked cross-sectional series of 34 eyes undergoing *** specimens were collected and processed to evaluate for membrane integrity(DAPI),apoptosis(Annexin-V),and endothelial-cell origin(V-Cadherin).A BD LSR II flow cytometer was used for analysis and standardized sub-micron-sized beads were used for size ***:Thirty-four specimens underwent *** levels of Annexin-V were found on microparticles from specimens in which blood had entered the vitreous(n=12)compared to those without blood(n=22;52.3%±30.7%vs 19.6%±27.2%,P=0.002).Patients with diabetes having surgery with hemorrhage(n=7)had greater expression of Annexin-V than those without hemorrhage(n=8;62.1%±31.7%vs 18.9%±20.9%,P=0.009).However,in patients with non-diabetic vitreous hemorrhage,the level of Annexin-V expression was not significantly different compared to other disease processes(38.6%±25.7%,n=5 vs 20.0%±30.9%,n=14,P=0.087).CONCLUSION:Increased expression of the apoptotic marker,Annexin-V is detected on vitreous microparticles in diabetes-related vitreous *** evaluating vitreous hemorrhage in patients without diabetes,the apoptotic signal is not significantly *** in patients with diabetes,and improvement in visual outcomes,may be related to the removal of a serumderived,pro-apoptotic *** investigation is warranted in order to identify the molecular characteristics of microparticles that regulate disease.

关键词： cell-derived microparticles vitrectomy vitreous diabetes mellitus apoptosis

Predicting adverse maternal and perinatal outcome after threatened miscarriage

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第1期4卷 1-7页

作者： Swati Agrawal Susheela Khoiwal kumar Jayant rajendra Agarwal Obs & Gynae Rabindra Nath Tagore Medical College Udaipur India Postgradute Institute & Medical Research Centre Chandigarh India Sudha Hospital and Medical Research Institute 11-A Talwandi Kota India

Objectives: Threatened miscarriage is the most common complication of pregnancy, occurring in 20% - 25% of ongoing pregnancies. The purpose is to study maternal and perinatal outcome in women with threatened miscarriage. Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of 20 months in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Pannadhay Mahila Chikitsalaya, a tertiary care center in Udaipur, India. It included a cohort of pregnant patients with a history of threatened miscarriage during the first twenty weeks of pregnancy. They were registered, followed up prospectively at antenatal clinics and delivered in the same hospital. For the purpose of comparison, another group of booked patients (controls) without a history of threatened miscarriage were recruited, similarly scanned and followed throughout pregnancy and labour. All women were matched for age, parity, social class, BMI and gestational age at booking. Discrete variables were taken as counts (or frequencies) and were evaluated by Chi-square test. Continuous variables with normal distribution were presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and were compared by unpaired Student’s t test. Data were fed into a Microsoft Excel worksheet and were analyzed by using the SPSS ver.17 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). p-value > 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 62 cases, 13 (21%) patients spontaneously aborted after diagnosis of threatened miscarriage. Women with threatened miscarriage had a significantly higher incidence of low lying placenta (p = 0.02) when compared with those without firsttrimester bleeding. They were more likely to experience PROM (p = 0.02), preterm delivery (p = 0.02) and to have babies with low Birthweight (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Pregnancies complicated by threatened miscarriage are at a higher risk for obstetric complications.

关键词： First-Trimester Bleeding Threatened Miscarriage Maternal Outcome Perinatal Outcome Subchorionic Hematoma

Long Term Temperature Trends at Major, Medium, Small Cities and Hill Stations in India during the Period 1901-2013

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第3期5卷 383-398页

作者： Dilip Rajaram Kothawale Nayana rajendra Deshpande Rupa kumar Kolli Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology Pune India World Climate Applications & CLIPS Division World Meteorological Organization Geneva Switzerland

Industrialization and urbanization are the most dominant causal factors for long-term changes in surface air temperatures. To examine this fact, the long term changes in the surface-air temperatures have been evaluated by the linear trend for the different periods, i.e. 1901-2013, 1901-1970 and recent period 1971-2013 as rapid industrialization was observed during the recent four decades. In the present study, seasonal and annual mean, maximum and minimum temperature data of 36 stations for the period 1901-2013 have been used. These stations are classified into 4 groups, namely major, medium, small cities and hill stations. During the period 1901-1970, less than 50% stations from each group showed a significant increasing trend in annual mean temperature, whereas in the recent period 1971-2013, more than 80% stations from all the groups except small city group showed a significant increasing trend. The minimum temperature increased faster than that of the maximum temperature over major and medium cities, while maximum temperature increased faster than the minimum temperature over the small cities and hill stations. The annual mean temperature of all the coastal stations showed a significant increasing trend and positive correlation with Precipitable Water Vapour (PWV). The effect of PWV is more pronounced on minimum temperature than that of the maximum.

关键词： Increasing Trend Decreasing Trend Temperature Anomalies Aerosol Index Precipitable Water Vapour

High-throughput compositional mapping of triple-cation tin-lead perovskites for high-efficiency solar cells

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InfoMat 2023年第4期5卷 25-38页

作者： rajendra kumar Gunasekaran Jina Jung Sung Woong Yang Jungchul Yun Yeonghun Yun Devthade Vidyasagar Won Chang Choi Chang-Lyoul Lee Jun Hong Noh Dong Hoe Kim Sangwook Lee School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea Advanced Photonics Research Institute(APRI) Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)GwangjuRepublic of Korea School of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringGreen SchoolKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Mixed tin-ead perovskites suffer from structural instability and rapid tin oxidation;thus,the investigation of their optimal composition ranges is important to address these inherent *** critical role of triple cations in mixed Sn–Pb iodides is studied by performing a wide range of compositional screenings over mechanochemically synthesized bulk and solution-processed thin films.A ternary phase map of FA(Sn_(0.6)Pb_(0.4))I_(3),MA(Sn_(0.6)Pb_(0.4))I_(3),and Cs(Sn_(0.6)Pb_(0.4))I_(3)is formed,and a promising composition window of(FA_(0.6-x)MA_(0.4)Cs_(x))Sn_(0.6)Pb_(0.4)I_(3)(0≤x≤0.1)is demonstrated through phase,photoluminescence,and stability *** cell performance and chemical stability across the targeted compositional space are investigated,and FA_(0.55)MA_(0.4)Cs_(0.05)Sn_(0.6)Pb_(0.4)I_(3)with strain-relaxed lattices,reduced defect densities,and improved oxidation stability is *** inverted perovskite solar cells with the optimal composition demonstrate a power conversion efficiency of over 22%with an open-circuit voltage of 0.867 V,which corresponds to voltage loss of 0.363 V,promising for the development of narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells.

关键词： compositional engineering mixed tin-ead iodides narrow-bandgap perovskites perovskite solar cells strain relaxation ternary phase mapping

Comparative study of multiple cancellous screws versus sliding hip screws in femoral neck fractures of young adults

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2016年第4期19卷 209-212页

作者： Mayank Gupta rajendra kumar Arya Satish kumar Vijay kumar Jain Skand Sinha Ananta kumar Naik Department of Orthopedics Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital New Delhi 110001 India

Purpose： Both cannulated cancellous screw （CCS） and sliding hip screw （SHS） are used in femoral neck fracture fixations, hut which is superior is yet to be determined. This study was aimed to compare the clinicoradiological outcome of femoral neck fracture treated with SHS or CCS in young adults. Methods： Adults （16-60 years） with femoral neck fracture were divided into Group I fixed with SHS and Group 2 fixed with three CCS after closed reduction. Pain relief, functional recovery and postoperative radiographs at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and then yearly for upto 4 years were analyzed. Results： Group 1 （n = 40） achieved radiological union at mean of Z6 months, with the union rate of 8Z5% （n = 35）, avascular necrosis （AVN） rate of 7.5% （n - 3） and mean Harris Hip Score （HHS） of 86.15 at the end of 4 years. In Group 2 （n = 45） these parameters were union at Z1 months, union rate of 82.22% （n = 37）, AVN rate of 6.67% （n = 3） and HHS of 88.65. Comparative results were statistically insignificant. Conclusion： There is no significant difference in clinicoradiological outcome between the two implants.

关键词： Femoral neck fractures Bone screws Young adult

Evaluation of Topical Application of <i>Azadirachta indica</i>(Neem) in Prevention of Gingivitis: A Randomized Control Trial

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2019年第11期9卷 249-259页

作者： Vibha Singh Anjani kumar Pathak Kopal goel Mahesh Pal King George’s Medical University Lucknow India Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dental Sciences King George’s Medical University Lucknow India Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences Lucknow India Phytochemistry Division CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow India

Background: The purpose of the present study was to envisage the anti-plaque and anti-inflammatory properties of neem (Azadirachta) in the form of a mouth gel. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 subjects (33 males and 27 females) from age group 19 - 35 years, suffering from mild to moderate gingivitis were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (n = 30) participants were advised experimental (neem) gel and Group B (n = 30) participants were advised 0.2% chlorhexidine gel. All the clinical parameters (the gingival index by Loe and Silness [1], Plaque index by Silness and Loe [2] and sulcus bleeding index by Muhlemann H. R. and Sen S. [3]) were recorded at baseline, on the 14th day and 21st day by the same clinician in both groups. Results: on intragroup comparison the gingival index, plaque index and sulcus bleeding index decrease significantly in both the groups in all assessed periods. On intergroup comparison the indices did not differ significantly at baseline but after 2nd and 3rd week, the indices in Group B decrease more than the group A, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Based on the observations of our study, it can be concluded that chlorhexidine gluconate as well as neem gel can be effectively used as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control in prevention of plaque and gingivitis. chlorhexidine gluconate gel has been found to be more effective when antiplaque and anti-inflammatory properties were considered. The effect of neem observed maybe because of its anti-inflammatory action. The antiplaque action of chlorhexidine gluconate is due to its substantivity. Substantivity of neem is required to be further studied.

关键词： Azadirachta Gingivitis. Anti Plaque