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Investigating the Hubble Tension Through Hubble Parameter Data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第6期23卷 199-202页

作者： rahul Kumar Thakur Shashikant Gupta rahul Nigam PK Thiruvikraman Avantika University Ujjain456006India G D Goenka University GurgaonHaryana122103India Birla Institute of Technology&Science Pilani-Hyderabad CampusIndia

The Hubble constant(H_0),which represents the expansion rate of the universe,is one of the most important cosmological *** recent measurements of H0using the distance ladder methods such as type Ia supernovae are significantly greater than the CMB measurements by *** difference points to a crisis in the standard model of cosmology termed Hubble *** this work we compare different cosmological models,determine the Hubble constant and comment on the Hubble tension using the data from differential ages of *** data we use are free from systematic effects as the absolute age estimation of the galaxies is not *** apply the Bayesian approach along with the commonly used maximum likelihood method to estimate H_0 and calculate the AIC scores to compare the different cosmological *** non-flat cosmological model provides a higher value for matter density as well as the Hubble constant compared to the flatΛCDM *** AIC score is smaller for the flatΛCDM cosmology compared to the non-flat model indicating the flat model a better *** best-fit values of H_0 for both these models are 68.7±3.1 km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1)and 72.2±4km s^(-1)Mpc^(-1),*** results are consistent with the CCHP ***,the flat model result does not agree with the SH0ES result,while the non-flat result is inconsistent with the Planck value.

关键词： (cosmology:)cosmological parameters galaxies:high-redshift (stars:)supernovae:general

Designed fabrication of active tumor targeting covalent organic framework nanotherapeutics via a simple post-synthetic strategy

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 7085-7094页

作者： Yue Yu Guoxin Zhang Zhongping Li Jia Wang Yang Liu rahul Bhardwaj Renu Wadhwa Yuki Nagao Mototada Shichiri Ran Gao Biomedical Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology(AIST)Osaka 563-8577Japan AIST-INDIA DAILAB DBT-AIST International Center for Translational&Environmental Research(DAICENTER)AISTTsukubaIbaraki 305-8565Japan Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Human Diseases Animal Model Resource CenterInstitute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical CollageBeijing 100021China School of Materials Science Japan Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyIshikawa 923-1211Japan Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University50 Yonsei-roSeodaemun-guSeoul 120-749Republic of Korea Flexible 3D System Integration Laboratory SANKENOsaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan

Developing agents that can accurately differentiate tumors from normal healthy tissues is of utmost importance for safe cancer *** targeting has been considered as an effective technique for tumor *** this work,we demonstrate a folate-functionalized nanoscale covalent organic framework(FATD nCOF)highly specific to cancer cells through active targeting of their enriched folate receptors(FRs).The FATD nCOF prepared by simple post-synthetic modification of the COF surface defeats disperses well in water and exhibits a high loading capacity for various anticancer *** biocompatible FATD nCOF is selectively internalized by FR-harboring cancer cells and consequently augments the efficacy of the loaded drug,Withaferin A(Wi-A),for targeted cancer cell *** biomolecular mechanism studies,Wi-A-loaded FATD(FATD@Wi-A)nanocomposites show remarkably a higher rate of apoptosis in FR-enriched cancer *** analyses of FR-positive and FR-negative tumor xenografts reveal enhanced selective antitumor activity of FATD@Wi-A *** together,the study findings suggest that FATD nCOF holds great promise for active targeting of tumors in *** simple yet effective technology might be valuable for creating new state-of-the-art COFs for chemical and biomedical applications.

关键词： covalent organic framework active targeting folate receptor drug delivery cancer therapy

An advanced cost-efficient IoT method for stroke rehabilitation using smart gloves

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Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering 2023年第4期6卷 40-54页

作者： A.Arivarasi D.Thiripurasundari A.Arockia Selvakumar Bhuvan Kumaar T.Aghil S.rahul Ramani Kannan Vellore Institute of Technology ChennaiIndia Universiti Tecknologi Petronas Kuala LumpurMalaysia

Stroke represents a severe,widespread,and widely acknowledged health crisis on both national and international *** is one of the most prevalent life-threatening *** impressive advances in treating stroke,in addition to a need for effective patient care services,many sufferers still rely solely on physical *** present paper describes and explains the use of a newly designed gadget for stroke survivors who cannot move their *** is a sophisticated mobile device that enables stroke patients to regain their muscle memory and thus their ability to perform repetitive actions by continuing to tighten and stretch their muscles without the intervention of a *** methodology is used to encourage patients to become involved in the process of *** device also has sensors that take information and transmit it to an app through an ESP32 *** enables physicians to view glove usage information remotely and keep track of an individual patient’s *** between app and glove is facilitated by a broker in the Amazon Web Service *** the robotic glove presented here,the recovery rate is found to be 90.23%over four weeks’duration,which represents a significant improvement compared with existing hospital-based rehabilitation techniques.

关键词： Stroke rehabilitation Smart glove ESP32 AWS cloud

Unraveling pathological mechanisms in neurological disorders:the impact of cell-based and organoid models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2131-2140页

作者： Jake Langlie rahul Mittal Ariel Finberg Nathalie B.Bencie Jeenu Mittal Hossein Omidian Yadollah Omidi Adrien A.Eshraghi Department of Otolaryngology Hearing Research and Communication Disorders LaboratoryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA College of Pharmacy Nova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFLUSA Department of Neurological Surgery University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Cell-based models are a promising tool in deciphering the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of neurological disorders as well as aiding in the discovery and development of future drug *** greatest challenge is creating cell-based models that encapsulate the vast phenotypic presentations as well as the underlying genotypic etiology of these *** this article,we discuss the recent advancements in cell-based models for understanding the pathophysiology of neurological *** reviewed studies discussing the progression of cell-based models to the advancement of three-dimensional models and organoids that provide a more accurate model of the pathophysiology of neurological disorders in *** better we understand how to create more precise models of the neurological system,the sooner we will be able to create patient-specific models and large libraries of these neurological *** three-dimensional models can be used to discover the linking factors to connect the varying phenotypes,such models will also help to understand the early pathophysiology of these neurological disorders and how they are affected by their *** three-dimensional cell models will allow us to create more specific treatments and uncover potentially preventative measures in neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis autism spectrum disorder cell-based model central nervous system induced pluripotent stem cells mesenchymal stem cells organoid model organ-on-a-chip Parkinson’s disease three-dimensional model

Measurement of Hubble constant: were differences in secondary distance indicators apparent as early as the HST Key Project?

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第3期21卷 97-106页

作者： rahul Kumar Thakur Shashikant Gupta rahul Nigam PK Thiruvikraman Birla Institute of Technology&Science Pilani-Hyderabad CampusIndia G D Goenka University GurgaonHaryana122103India

Different measurements of the Hubble constant(H_(0))are not consistent,and a tension between the CMB based methods and cosmic distance ladder based methods has been *** from various distance based methods are also *** aggravate the problem,the same cosmological probe(TypeⅠa SNe for instance)calibrated through different methods also provides different values of H_(0).We compare various distance ladder based methods through the already available unique data obtained from the Hubble Space Telescope(HST).Our analysis is based on parametric(t-test)as well as non-parametric statistical methods such as the Mann-Whitney U test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov *** results show that different methods provide different values of H_(0) and the differences are statistically *** biases in the calibration would not account for these differences as the data have been taken from a single telescope with a common calibration *** unknown physical effects or issues with the empirical relations of distance measurement from different probes could give rise to these differences.

关键词： Cosmology Supernovae Hubble constant

Floristic analysis and dominance pattern of sal(Shorea robusta)forests in Ranchi,Jharkhand,eastern India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 415-427页

作者： rahul Kumar Purabi Saikia Department of Environmental Sciences Central University of JharkhandBrambeRanchi 835205JharkhandIndia

The present study describes the floristic composition and dominance pattern of sal forests in Ranchi,Jharkhand,eastern *** was studied in 47 belt transects(509100 m)that had 137 plant species(110 identified and 27 unidentified)belonging to 51 *** family Fabaceae with 17 species(8 *** to subfamily Faboideae,6 *** Caesalpinioideae and 3 *** Mimosoidieae)contributed the most to diversity,followed by Rubiaceae(8 spp.)and Euphorbiaceae(6 spp.).Tree density in sal was inversely related to species *** tree density(C 10 cm GBH)in the studied forests was 397 individuals ha-1,with a basal cover of 262.50 m2 *** plants of conservation concern are Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb,Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Wall,Sterculiaurens Roxb.,Tinospora cordifolia(Willd.)Miers,and Asparagus densiflorus(Kunth)*** had the highest percentage(71%,with percentage deviation from normal life form of?25)followed by therophyte(15%,with percentage deviation?2).Observed percentage deviation from normal life form was much lower(with?2 percentage deviation)in both chamaephytes(8%)and therophytes(15%),suggesting that the studied sal forests are favorable for supporting various plants *** forest management strategies should focus on the increasing demands for different timber and non-timber forest products to conserve the plant diversity of these natural forests.

关键词： Sal forests Species richness Life form Jharkhand

Acute venous thromboembolism in acute pancreatitis based on the severity:a retrospective cohort study

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Journal of Pancreatology 2022年第1期5卷 10-17页

作者： Hassam Ali Swethaa Manickam rahul Pamarthy Muhamad Fahd Farooq William Leland Department of Internal Medicine East Carolina University/Vidant Medical CenterGreenvilleNC Department of Gastroenterology East Carolina University/Vidant Medical CenterGreenvilleNCUSA

Objective: Acute pancreatitis (AP) results in systemic inflammatory responses and activates coagulation pathways. We intend to investigate the risk and hospital outcomes of acute venous thromboembolisms (VTE) in patients with ***: We retrospectively analyzed patients with AP from 2016 to 2019 using the National Inpatient Sample database. Primary outcome was the effect of VTE on the length of stay, inpatient costs, and mortality. Hierarchical multivariate logistic regression models were built using univariate ***: The study included 909,354 weighted discharges with AP. 2.1% of cases had an acute VTE. The length of stay was 5.9 days longer in the hospital of AP patients with VTE compared to AP with no VTE (P <.001). Total hospital charge per patient was $71,914 in patients with VTE compared to AP with no VTE (P < .001). Mortality was higher in AP patients with VTE compared to AP with no VTE (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4-5.3,P <.001). AP was associated with an increased VTE risk during inpatient stay (AOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04-1.1,P <.001) There was an increased association of lower and upper extremity deep venous thrombosis with AP without necrosis (AOR 6.9, 95% CI 6.4-7.4,P <.001) and AP with infected necrosis (AOR 12.2, 95% CI 10.6-14.1,P <.001) but not in AP without necrosis (AOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.74-0.81,P <.001).Conclusion: VTE in AP increases length of stay and inpatient costs. The prognosis is poor in such patients, with increased inpatient mortality compared to no VTE. AP with necrosis can increase chances of all VTE subtypes;however, AP without necrosis does not increase upper and lower extremity VTE risk.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Deep venous thrombosis Necrosis Severity Venous thromboembolism

A generalized synthesis method for freestanding multiferroic twodimensional layered supercell oxide films via a sacrificial buffer layer

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Nano Research 2023年第7期16卷 10559-10566页

作者： Jianan Shen Benson Kunhung Tsai Ke Xu Anyu Shang James PBarnard Yizhi Zhang rahul Tripathi Zhihong Chen Xinghang Zhang Haiyan Wang School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndiana 47907USA

Multiferroics are an intriguing family of materials due to the simultaneous presence of two ferroic orderings,namely,ferroelectricity and *** are scientifically and technologically important and have numerous potential applications,such as four-state logic memories and multiferroic tunneling ***,the growth of epitaxial singlephase multiferroic thin films typically requires single crystalline oxide substrates,which hinders their future integration with Sibased *** this study,we report a generalized synthesis method that uses the polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)-assisted wetetching method with an Sr_(3)Al_(2)O_(6)(SAO)sacrificial layer to transfer freestanding single-phase multiferroic Bi_(2)NiMnO_(6)(BNMO)films from conventional SrTiO_(3)(STO)substrates onto a Si *** structures and properties of the films have been characterized before and after the *** transferred films possess good multiferroic properties on Si wafers,indicating full compatibility with modern Si *** method can be generally applicable to other Bi-based multiferroic materials as ***,the original STO substrates after the transfer process have been recycled for preparing new batches of freestanding BNMO films,indicating a low-cost and sustainable method for manufacturing large-volume freestanding complex oxide thin films.

关键词： multiferroics freestanding films wet-transfer SAO sacrificial layer recyclable substrates sustainable

Machine auscultation: enabling machine diagnostics using convolutional neural networks and large-scale machine audio data

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Advances in Manufacturing 2019年第2期7卷 174-187页

作者： Ruo-Yu Yang rahul Rai Manufacturing and Design Lab (MAD Lab) University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA

Acoustic signals play an essential role in machine state monitoring. Efficient processing of real-time machine acoustic signals improves production quality. However, generating semantically useful information from sound signals is an ill-defined problem that exhibits a highly non-linear relationship between sound and subjective perceptions. This paper outlines two neural network models to analyze and classify acoustic signals emanating from machines:(i) a backpropagation neural network (BPNN);and (ii) a convolutional neural network (CNN). Microphones are used to collect acoustic data for training models from a computer numeric control (CNC) lathe. Numerical experiments demonstrate that CNN performs better than the BP-NN.

关键词： Acoustic signal processing Machine performance Backpropagation neural network (BP-NN) Convolutional neural network (CNN)