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Robust Machine learning Mapping of sEMG Signals to Future Actuator Commands in Biomechatronic Devices

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 270-287页

作者： Ali Nasr Sydney Bell rachel l.whittaker Clark R.Dickerson John McPhee Systems Design Engineering University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L 3G1Canada Kinesiology and Health Sciences University of WaterlooWaterloo N2L3G3Canada

A machine learning model for regression of interrupted Surface Electromyography(sEMG)signals to future control-oriented signals(e.g.,robot’s joint angle and assistive torque)of an active biomechatronic device for high-level myoelectric-based hierarchical control is proposed.A Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)was trained using output data,initially obtained from offline optimization of the biomechatronic(human–robot)device and shifted by the prediction *** input of the RNN consisted of interrupted sEMG signals(to mimic signal disconnections)and previous kinematic signals of the assistive *** RNN with a 0.1-s prediction horizon could predict the control-oriented joint angle and assistive torque with 92%and 86.5%regression accuracy,respectively,for the test *** proposed approach permits a fast,predictive,and direct estimation of control-oriented signals instead of an iterative process that optimizes assistive torque in the inverse dynamic simulation of a multibody human–robot *** with these interrupted input signals significantly improves the regression accuracy in the case of sEMG signal *** Robust Predictive Control-oriented Machine learning(Robust-MuscleNET)model can support volitional high-level myoelectric-based control of biomechatronic devices,such as exoskeletons,prostheses,and assistive/resistive *** work should study the application to prosthesis control as well as the repeatability of the high-level controller with electrode *** low-level hierarchical controller that manages the human–robot interaction,the assistance/resistance strategy,and the actuator coordination should also be studied.

关键词： Myoelectric-based control-Surface electromyography Machine learning Multibody system dynamics Exoskeleton Bionic

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Decomposition of dynamic transcriptomic responses during effector-triggered immunity reveals conserved responses in two distinct plant cell populations

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 1-17页

作者： Xiaotong liu Daisuke Igarashi rachel A.Hillmer Thomas Stoddard You lu Kenichi Tsuda Chad l.Myers Fumiaki Katagiri Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesSt PaulMN 55108USA Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program University of Minnesota-Twin CitiesMinneapolisMN 55455USA Institute for Innovation Ajinomoto Co.Inc.KawasakiJapan State Key laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHubei Key Lab of Plant PathologyCollege of Plant Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Present address:225 S 6th St MinneapolisMN 55402USA Present address:Biotalys Inc.2520 Meridian Parkway Suite 480DurhamNC 27713USA Present address:life Sciences Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Rapid plant immune responses in the appropriate cells are needed for effective defense against *** transcriptome analysis is often used to describe overall immune responses,collection of transcriptome data with sufficient resolution in both space and time is *** reanalyzed public Arabidopsis time-course transcriptome data obtained after low-dose inoculation with a Pseudomonas syringae strain expressing the effector AvrRpt2,which induces effector-triggered immunity in ***-peak time-course patterns are prevalent among thousands of upregulated *** implemented a multicompartment modeling approach to decompose the double-peak pattern into two single-peak patterns for each *** decomposed peaks reveal an“echoing”pattern:the peak times of the first and second peaks correlate well across most upregulated *** demonstrated that the two peaks likely represent responses of two distinct cell populations that respond either cell autonomously or indirectly to ***,the peak decomposition has extracted spatial information from the time-course *** echoing pattern also indicates a conserved transcriptome response with different initiation times between the two cell populations despite different elicitor types.A gene set highly overlapping with the conserved gene set is also upregulated with similar kinetics during pattern-triggered *** of a WRKY network via different entry-point WRKYs can explain the similar but not identical transcriptome responses elicited by different elicitor *** discuss potential benefits of the properties of the WRKY activation network as an immune signaling network in light of pressure from rapidly evolving pathogens.

关键词： Arabidopsis Pseudomonas syringae plant immune response multi-compartment model WRKY transcription factors resilient immune signaling network

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Disaster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults in Canada Regarding Floods, Wildfires, and Earthquakes

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna Bogdan rachel Krueger Julie Wright Kyle Woods Shaieree Cottar School of Administrative Studies Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Action Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are significantly impacted by natural hazards and disasters that are exacerbated by climate change. Understanding their awareness and preparedness is essential for enhancing disaster resilience. This study investigated the attitudes, actions, and recommendations of older adults regarding natural hazards that pose risks in their geographic area—specifically floods, wildfires, and/or earthquakes in Canada. Methods for this study included survey and focus groups with older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respectively) and other high-risk groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The main findings from this study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults is low, though stronger perceptions of risks are associated with risks specific to geographic locations where respondents live. Several barriers, such as hazard vulnerability misperceptions, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted in low awareness and preparedness among these populations. The two main recommendations arising from this research are:(1) improve awareness and preparedness with tailor-made emergency preparedness materials for older adults;and(2) adopt community-based approaches to disaster preparedness through existing community groups to strengthen social connections with a focus on locally specific hazards. The findings from this research can be applied to other hazards, including heatwaves and pandemics.

关键词： Canada Community-based disaster risk management Disaster awareness and preparedness Disaster resilience Natural hazards Older adults

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Case Study for Undetermined Mosquito Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Western Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 43-53页

作者： Koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo Sassan Simplice Kambou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien logotio rachel Angela Traore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique CNRST Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et parasitaires Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques (INSTech Bobo) Avenue de Sya Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Malaria eradication campaigns all over the world are largely based on parasite and vector control. Vector identification, whether morphological or molecular, is an essential component of vector control. This study analyzed the possible causes of indeterminate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for mosquito species in Western part of Burkina Faso. Methodology: From July 2021 to November 2021, mosquitoes were collected during the period of high malaria transmission in the village of Séguéré, Houet province, Burkina Faso, and morphologically identified. After DNA extraction, samples were amplified by sine 200× PCR to identify species of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Indeterminate samples were then selected for further analysis. The parameters studied were: DNA dilution, the effect of protocol adjusting, and the type of protocol used. Results: A total of 130 “indeterminate” DNAs diluted 1:10 were analyzed. After dilution, the mean amount was 14.73 ± 3.59 ng/μl and absorbance 1.71 ± 0.1. PCR chain reaction yielded 94.62% (123/130) anopheline species in SINE PCR, 5.38% (7/130) “negative”. A significant difference between SINE PCR before dilution and after dilution was observed (P ls gave no positive results. From these results, we note that the adaptation of the protocol significantly reduced the polymerase amplification results of the species. Conclusion: It is therefore necessary to respect the amplification protocols. However, the persistence of “indeterminate” results suggests that further studies should be carried out to shed more light on the subject.

关键词： Malaria Vector DNA PCR

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Spinal Analgesia with Intrathecal Morphine versus Conventional Analgesia after laparoscopic Colectomy: A Retrospective Cohort Study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第7期14卷 159-174页

作者： lionel Diyamona Manon Colin Marc léone laurent Zieleskiewicz Joseph Nsiala Wilfrid Mbombo rachel Mbala Bruno Pastene Chris Nsituavibidila Dan Kankonde Gracia likinda Jean Claude Mubenga Khazy Anga Noelly Mukuna Christel Isengingo Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University Clinics of Kinshasa University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Marseilles Nord Hospital Marseille France General Hospital of Kinshasa ex Mama Yemo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Monkole Hospital Centre Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Objective: Postoperative pain (POP) following abdominal surgery can vary from a few hours to several days. This acute, unrelieved pain can become chronic, requiring patients to take analgesics on an almost daily basis for comfort. Analgesia using general opioids has many side effects and intrathecal morphine is a good alternative. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of intrathecal morphine (ITM) versus conventional analgesia in the management of postoperative pain in colectomy performed by laparoscopic surgery. Methods: Cohort study conducted at the Hôpital Nord in Marseille, from 01 January to 31 July 2021 in patients aged at least 18 years undergoing anaesthesia for scheduled colectomy by laparoscopic surgery. The primary endpoint was postoperative pain intensity and the secondary endpoints were morphine consumption, treatment side effects and length of hospital stay. Statistical analysis was performed using XlSTAT software. Results: We included 193 patients: 131 in the control group (conventional analgesia) and 62 in the ITM group. We observed: a significant decrease in pain (assessed by numerical scale) in favour of the ITM group in the post-anaesthetic care room, i.e. 3 (±4) vs 1 (±2), p 0 and H2: 2 (±2) vs. 1 (±2);p Conclusion: These results suggest that intrathecal morphine (ITM) in laparoscopic colectomy provides effective postoperative analgesia with low morphine consumption, and a reduction in morphine side-effects compared with conventional analgesia.

关键词： Intrathecal Morphine Colectomy laparoscopy Conventional Analgesia

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“鼓岭缘”中美青年交流周,播撒友谊的种子

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国际人才交流 2024年第8期 41-45页

作者： [美]rachel Weiss 张佳艺(译) 不详

鼓岭,坐落在中国福建省南部,重峦叠嶂,郁郁葱葱。在这里,我沉浸在历史与跨文化友谊的水乳交融之中。2024年“鼓岭缘”中美青年交流周拉开帷幕,不同民族和文化汇聚于此,助力文化交流。位于福州近郊山区的著名避暑胜地鼓岭,拥有促进和谐... 详细信息

鼓岭,坐落在中国福建省南部,重峦叠嶂,郁郁葱葱。在这里,我沉浸在历史与跨文化友谊的水乳交融之中。2024年“鼓岭缘”中美青年交流周拉开帷幕,不同民族和文化汇聚于此,助力文化交流。位于福州近郊山区的著名避暑胜地鼓岭,拥有促进和谐共处的历史。一个多世纪以前,来自20多个国家的外籍人士为避暑,在这里建起了别墅。

关键词：文化交流避暑胜地福建省南部外籍人士和谐共处中美青年跨文化友谊

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Elite,transformable haploid inducers in maize

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The Crop Journal 2024年第1期12卷 314-319页

作者： Brent Delzer Dawei liang David Szwerdszarf Isadora Rodriguez Gonzalo Mardones Sivamani Elumalai Francine Johnson Samson Nalapalli rachel Egger Erin Burch Kerry Meier Juan Wei Xiujuan Zhang Huaping Gui Huaibing Jin Huan Guo Kun Yu Yubo liu Becky Breitinger Ana Poets Jason Nichols Wan Shi David Skibbe Qiudeng Que Timothy Kelliher Seeds Development Syngenta SeedsJanesvilleWI 53546USA Seeds Research Syngenta Biotechnology China Co.Ltd.Beijing 102206China Centro de Investigación de Cultivos Arica Syngenta R&DArica 1000000Chile Syngenta S.A. Proyecto la SoledadGraneros 2880000Chile Seeds Research Syngenta Crop Protection LLCRTPNC 27709USA Seeds Development Syngenta SeedsSlaterIA 50244USA

The introduction of alleles into commercial crop breeding pipelines is both time consuming and *** technologies that are disrupting traditional breeding processes are doubled haploid(DH)breeding and genome editing(GE).Recently,these techniques were combined into a GE trait delivery system called HI-Edit(Haploid Inducer-Edit).In HI-Edit,the pollen of a haploid inducer line is reprogrammed to deliver GE traits to any variety,obviating recurrent *** HI-Edit to operate at scale,an efficient transformable HI line is needed,but most maize varieties are recalcitrant to transformation,and haploid inducers are especially difficult to transform given their aberrant reproductive *** marker assisted selection and a three-tiered testing scheme,we report the development of new Iodent and Stiff Stalk maize germplasm that are transformable,have high haploid induction rates,and exhibit a robust,genetically-dominant anthocyanin native trait that may be used for rapid haploid *** show that transformation of these elite‘‘HI-Edit”lines is enhanced using the BABYBOOM and WUSCHEl morphogenetic ***,we evaluate the HI-Edit performance of one of the lines against both Stiff Stalk and non-Stiff Stalk *** strategy and results of this study should facilitate the development of commercially scalable HI-Edit systems in diverse crops.

关键词： Zea mays l Doubled haploids Transformation Genome editing QTl

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Is convenience really king? Comparative evaluation of catastrophic costs due to tuberculosis in the public and private healthcare sectors of Viet Nam: a longitudinal patient cost study

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-12页

作者： Nguyen Hoa Binh Quang Vo luan Nguyen Forse rachel Jeanette Wiemers Anja Maria Christine Huynh Huy Ba Dong Thuy Thi Thu Phan Yen Thi Hoang Creswell Jacob Dang Thi Minh Ha Nguyen lan Huu Shedrawy Jad l?nnroth Knut Nguyen Tuan Dinh Van Dinh luong Annerstedt Kristi Sidney Codlin Andrew James National lung Hospital Ha Noi Viet Nam Friends for International TB Relief Ha Noi Viet Nam Department of Global Public Health WHO Collaboration Centre On Tuberculosis and Social Medicine Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Stop TB Partnership Geneva Switzerland Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam

Background In Viet Nam, tuberculosis (TB) represents a devastating life-event with an exorbitant price tag, partly due to lost income from daily directly observed therapy in public sector care. Thus, persons with TB may seek care in the private sector for its flexibility, convenience, and privacy. Our study aimed to measure income changes, costs and catastrophic cost incurrence among TB-affected households in the public and private *** Between October 2020 and March 2022, we conducted 110 longitudinal patient cost interviews, among 50 patients privately treated for TB and 60 TB patients treated by the National TB Program (NTP) in Ha Noi, Hai Phong and Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam. Using a local adaptation of the WHO TB patient cost survey tool, participants were interviewed during the intensive phase, continuation phase and post-treatment. We compared income levels, direct and indirect treatment costs, catastrophic costs using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-squared tests and associated risk factors between the two cohorts using multivariate *** The pre-treatment median monthly household income was significantly higher in the private sector versus NTP cohort (USD 868 vs USD 578;P=0.010). However, private sector treatment was also significantly costlier (USD 2075 vs USD 1313;P=0.005), driven by direct medical costs which were 4.6 times higher than costs reported by NTP participants (USD 754 vs USD 164;Plted in no significant difference in catastrophic costs between the two cohorts (Private: 55% vs NTP: 52%;P=0.675). Factors associated with catastrophic cost included being a single-person household [adjusted odds ratio [(aOR=13.71; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.36–138.14;P=0.026], unemployment during treatment (aOR=10.86; 95%CI: 2.64–44.60;Plated stigma (aOR=37.90; 95%CI: 1.72–831.73;P=0.021).Conclusions Persons with TB in Viet Nam face similarly high risk of catastrophic costs whether treated in the

关键词： Tuberculosis Patient cost Catastrophic cost Private sector Comparative analysis Viet Nam

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Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： rachel l. MORAN Rebecca C. FUllER School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement （RCD）. Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement （ACD）. By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RCD and ACD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RCD （CRCD） and cascade ACD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RCD and ACD in 2 groups of darters （orangethroat darter clade Ceasia and rainbow darter Etheostoma caeruleum）. In both groups, males that occur in sympatry （between Ceasia and E. caeruleum） have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RCD and ACD. We also found patterns consistent with CRCD and cascade ACD among species of Ceasia. Ceasia males that are sympatric to E. caeruleum （but allopatric to one another） also have heightened preferences for mat- ing and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific Ceasia. In contrast, Ceasia males that are allopatric to E. caeruleum readily mate and fight with heterospecific Ceasia. We suggest that RCD and ACD between Ceasia and E. caeruleum has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among Ceasia species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RCD （male preference for conspecific females） and ACD （male preference to fight conspecific males） which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词： agonistic character displacement behavioral isolation cascade reinforcement reinforcement reproductive charac-ter displacement speciation.

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The role of retinoic acid in the commitment to meiosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 549-554页

作者： rachel l Gewiss M Christine Schleif Michael D Griswold School of Molecular Biosciences and Center for Reproductive Biology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Male meiosis is a complex process whereby spermatocytes undergo cell division to form haploid *** review focuses on the role of retinoic acid(RA)in meiosis,as well as several processes regulated by RA before cell entry into meiosis that are critical for proper meiotic entry and ***,we discuss RA metabolism in the testis as well as the roles of stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8(STRA8)and MEIOSIN,which are responsive to RA and are critical for *** assert that transcriptional regulation in the spermatogonia is critical for successful meiosis.

关键词： meiosis retinoic acid spermatogenesis testis

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