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Synergetic pathways of water-energy-carbon in ecologically vulnerable regions aiming for carbon neutrality:a case study of Shaanxi,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 1-15页

作者： Yingying liu Hanbing Li Sha Chen Lantian Zhang Sumei Li He Lv Ji Gao Shufen Cui Kejun Jiang Department of Environmental Science Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution ControlBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China China Metallurgical Industry Planning and Research Institute Beijing 100711China Environmental Defense Fund Beijing 100007China Department of Financial Management Lishui UniversityLishui 323000China Energy Research Institute Beijing 100038China

Synergetic energy-water-carbon pathways are key issues to be tackled under carbon-neutral target and high-quality development worldwide,especially in ecologically vulnerable regions(EVRs).In this study,to explore the synergistic pathways in an EVR,a water-energy-carbon assessment(WECA)model was built,and the synergistic effects of water-energy-carbon were comprehensively and quantitatively analyzed under various scenarios of regional *** Province was chosen as the representative EVR,and Lower challenge(LEC)and Greater challenge(GER)scenarios of zerocarbon transition were set considering the technological maturity and regional energy *** results showed that there were limited effects under the zero-carbon transition of the entire region on reducing water withdrawals and improving the water *** the LEC scenario,the energy demand and CO2 emissions of Shaanxi in 2060 will decrease by 70.9%and 99.4%,respectively,whereas the water withdrawal and freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity potential(FAETP)will only decrease by 8.9%and 1.6%,*** could be attributed to the stronger demand for electricity in the energy demand sector caused by industrial transition *** GER scenario showed significant growth in water withdrawals(16.0%)and FAETP(36.0%)because of additional biomass *** promote the synergetic development of regional transition,EVRs should urgently promote zero-carbon technologies(especially solar and wind power technologies)between 2020 and 2060 and dry cooling technology for power generation before *** particular,a cautious attitude toward the biomass energy with carbon capture and storage technology in EVRs is strongly recommended.

关键词： Carbon neutrality Water withdrawals Water environment quality Ecologically vulnerable region Typical regional transition

Relative carcinogenicity of tacrolimus vs mycophenolate after solid organ transplantation and its implications for liver transplant care

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第4期16卷 650-660页

作者： Dorothy liu Mark M Youssef Josephine A Grace Marie Sinclair Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Medicine University of MelbourneMelbourne 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND De novo malignancy is a leading cause of late morbidity and mortality in liver transplant *** immunosuppression has been shown to contribute to post-transplant malignancy(PTM)*** is emerging evidence on the differential carcinogenic risk profile of individual immunosuppressive drugs,independent of the net effect of *** inhibitors such as tacrolimus may promote tumourigenesis,whereas mycophenolic acid(MPA),the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil,may limit tumour *** transplantation(LT)is relatively unique among solid organ transplantation in that immunosuppression monotherapy with either tacrolimus or MPA is often achievable,which makes careful consideration of the risk-benefit profile of these immunosuppression agents particularly relevant for this ***,there is limited clinical data on this subject in both LT and other solid organ transplant *** To investigate the relative carcinogenicity of tacrolimus and MPA in solid organ *** A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE and Embase databases using the key terms“solid organ transplantation”,“tacrolimus”,“mycophenolic acid”,and“carcinogenicity”,in order to identify relevant articles published in English between 1st January 2002 to 11th August *** terms,synonyms and explosion of MeSH terms,Boolean operators and truncations were also utilised in the *** lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed to identify any additional *** duplicates,abstracts from 1230 records were screened by a single reviewer,whereby 31 records were reviewed in ***-text articles were assessed for eligibility based on pre-specified inclusion and exclusion *** A total of 6 studies were included in this *** studies were large population registries or cohort studies,which varied in transplant era,type of organ transplanted and immunosuppression protocol us

关键词： Immunosuppression Solid organ transplantation Liver transplantation Carcinogenicity Tacrolimus Mycophenolate

In situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) for improving hydrolysis properties of MgH_(2)

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1204-1214页

作者： Yongyang Zhu Mili liu liming Zeng Yin Wang Daifeng Wu Rui Li Qing Zhou Renheng Tang Fangming Xiao Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Development and ApplicationGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

The hydrolysis of MgH_(2) delivers high hydrogen capacity(15.2 wt%),which is very attractive for real-time hydrogen ***,the formation of a surface passivation Mg(OH)_(2) layer and the large excess of H_(2)O required to ensure complete hydrolysis are two key challenges for the MgH_(2) hydrolysis ***,a low-cost method is reported to synthesize MgH_(2)@Mg(BH_(4))_(2) composite via ball-milling MgH_(2) with cheap and widely available B_(2)O_(3)(or B(OH)_(3)).By adding small amounts of B_(2)O_(3),the in-situ formed Mg(BH_(4))_(2) could significantly promote the hydrolysis of MgH_(2).In particular,the MgH_(2)–10 wt%B_(2)O_(3) composite releases 1330.7 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(close to 80%theoretical hydrogen generation H_(2))in H_(2)O and 1520.4 mL·g^(−1) H_(2)(about 95%)in 0.5 M MgCl_(2) in 60 min at 26℃ with hydrolysis rate of 736.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) and 960.9 mL·g^(−1)·min^(−1) H_(2) during the first minute of the hydrolysis,*** addition,the MgCl_(2) solution allows repeated use by filtering and exhibits high cycle stability(20 cycles),therefore leading to much reduced capacity loss caused by the excess H_(2)*** show that by introducing B_(2)O_(3) and recycling the 0.5 M MgCl_(2) solution,the system hydrogen capacity can approach 5.9 wt%,providing a promising hydrogen generation scheme to supply hydrogen to the fuel cells.

关键词： Hydrolysis MgH_(2) Mg(BH_(4))_(2) Hydrogen generation B_(2)O_(3) MgCl_(2)

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Recent development in degradation mechanisms of proton exchange membrane fuel cells for vehicle applications:problems,progress,and perspectives

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Energy Storage and Saving 2024年第2期3卷 106-152页

作者： Zikuo liu Shanshan Cai Zhengkai Tu Siew Hwa Chan School of Energy and Power Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China Energy Research Institute Nanyang Technological University637553Singapore

Due to its zero emissions,high efficiency and low noise,proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)is full of potential for the application of vehicle power ***,its lifespan and durability remain multiple obstacles to be solved before widespread *** exposure to non-rated operating conditions could considerably accelerate the degradation of the PEMFC in various forms,thus reducing its *** paper first analyzes degradation mechanisms of PEMFCs under typical automotive operating conditions,including idling,startup-shutdown,dynamic loads,and cold *** corresponding accelerated stress testing methods are also ***,as the impurities existed in the reaction gas source and generated from the degradation of the PEMFC itself may occur under all automotive conditions,the degradation mechanisms caused by impurity contamination are classified and reviewed in *** that,the techniques proposed by researchers to enhance the durability of PEMFCs are presented from four aspects:membrane electrode assembly materials,bipolar plates and flow fields design,stack assembly,and cell control *** challenges in the field and the prospects for the future are summarized and analyzed at the *** aim of this work is to provide guidelines for improving the durability of PEMFCs in vehicle applications.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Vehicle Automotive operating conditions Degradation Durability

Rapid and sensitive detection of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by chemiluminescence strips based on iron-porphyrin single atom nanozyme

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1827-1836页

作者： Daji Wang Jie Wang Dan liu Jiuyang He Meiying Wang Haibing Huang Guohui Nie Hui Ding Xiyun Yan Nanozyme Synthesis Center Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Center for Drug Evaluation National Medical Products AdministrationBeijing 100022China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of nanozymes and Translational Cancer Research Department of Otolaryngologyand Shenzhen Institute of Translational MedicineShenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen 518035China CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide PharmaceuticalInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Rheumatology and Immunology Shenzhen Second People’s HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055China

The correlation between Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection and nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)risk has been extensively *** continual monitoring of EBV-IgAs provides a promising approach of NPC screening in its early *** this study,we successfully synthesized a single-atom nanozyme(SANzyme)through the application of iron-porphyrin based metal organic framework(MOF-FeP).The MOF-FeP possesses precisely-defined electronic and geometric structures that accurately mimic highly-evolved catalytic site of natural *** peroxidase-like activity of MOF-FeP enables it to catalyze the chemiluminescence of luminol *** integrating MOF-FeP into a traditional strip,we created a rapid and highly-sensitive evaluation tool for detecting ***,the MOF-FeP strip enables the simultaneous detection of three EBV-IgAs,greatly improving the accuracy of EBV-associated NPC *** sensitivities of the MOF-FeP strip(75.56%–93.30%)surpass those of current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)methods(64.44%–82.22%).This test takes only 16 min to perform as opposed to the customary 1–2 h required for standard ***,the MOF-FeP strip is suitable for whole blood samples,thereby significantly simplifying the sample preparation and detection *** conclusion,the MOF-FeP strip combines the simplicity of traditional strip with the high catalytic activity of *** innovative MOF-FeP strip offers a new point-of-care strategy for EBV-IgAs detection,which is expected to markedly facilitate early screening for EBV-associated diseases.

关键词： iron-porphyrin single-atom nanozyme(SANzyme) chemiluminescence strips Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) antibody detection

Engineering self-catabolic DNAzyme nanospheres for synergistic anticancer therapy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2412-2422页

作者： Yu Chen Yu Guo Jiaoli Wang Ruiting liu Xiaohai Yang Kemin Wang Ying Pu Hui Shi Jin Huang Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory for Bio-Nanotechnology and Molecular Engineering of Hunan ProvinceHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Department of GeriatricsXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410008China

DNAzyme-based gene therapy faces some challenges including cell penetration,activity limitation,and co-delivery ***-assembled DNA nanomedicine has attracted widespread attention due to its many *** is urgent to develop a universal DNA degradation strategy for precise programmable drug ***,we reported a self-catabolic DNAzyme nanospheres(SCNS),which could simultaneously achieve cell penetration,activity enhancement,and co-delivery *** SCNS were assembled through Y-DNA stepwise hybridization with each other,which were then loaded with aptamer(Apt),doxorubicin(Dox),and zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs).The acid-triggered dissociation of ZnO NPs leads to the generation of Zn^(2+)ions cofactors for immediately self-catabolic DNAzyme *** the disassembly of the SCNS,three types of anticancer treatments would be activated,which include Zn^(2+)involved reactive oxygen species(ROS),Dox-induced chemotherapy,and DNAzyme-based gene *** experimental results show that the nanoplatform(Apt-SCNS-Dox-ZnO)has a good tumor-killing effect and minimal side *** a smart self-driven drug delivery nanoplatform,it is anticipated to displace extraordinary potential in biomedicine and bioengineering.

关键词： DNAzyme nanosphere ZnO NPs ROS Dox anticancer therapy

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Advances in brain tumor therapy: from molecular diagnostics to novel treatments

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Junwen Zhang Ran Mu Fusheng liu Brain Tumor Research Center Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Capital Medical University Department of Neurosurgery Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University

With the rapid increase in incidence and mortality, brain tumors have become a major social, economic, and public health problem worldwide. According to the latest report from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC),there are approximately 320,000 new cases and 250,000 deaths from brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors each year. The incidence and mortality rates rank 19th and 12th among all cancers (Bray et al., 2024), respectively,and are particularly prevalent in East Asia, Western Europe, and South *** like San Marino, Denmark, and Norway have the highest age-standardized incidence rates, while Central Europe and tropical Latin America have the highest age-standardized mortality and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates.

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Solution-processed all-inorganic lead halide perovskite/layered double hydroxides superlattices

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第9期67卷 2904-2910页

作者： Deyu Li Mingming Zhang Lulu Wei Shubing Tian Mingze Sun Kang liu Jixiang Xu Lei Wang Jun Xing Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao 266042China College of Sino-German Science and Technology Qingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao 266042China

Quantum wells and superlattices are key building blocks in the semiconductor industry,normally fabricated using epitaxial growth techniques,such as vapor phase epitaxy,metalorganic chemical vapor deposition and molecular beam ***,these complicated preparation processes,as well as their high cost,limit their extensive *** is essential to develop a simple solution process for building ***,we demonstrate an ion exchange strategy for synthesizing an allinorganic superlattice cesium lead bromide/layered double hydroxides(CsPbBr_3/LDH)in *** room temperature,the perovskite ions diffuse into the interlayer of LDH and assemble into layered perovskite with various *** with traditional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite superlattice,the all-inorganic perovskite superlattice CsPbBr_(3)/LDH has weak quantum confinement,which exhibits narrow emission line-widths of 20 nm,high quantum yields of 55%,and radiative lifetimes of several *** findings offer a new route to synthesize novel perovskite superlattices and enrich the perovskite supercrystal platform for electronics,photonics and optoelectronics devices.

关键词： halide perovskite superlattice layered double hydroxides 2D

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Enhancing zinc-air battery performance by constructing threedimensional N-doped carbon coating multiple valence Co and MnO heterostructures

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5104-5113页

作者： Qi liu Panzhe Qiao Miaomiao Tong Ying Xie Xinxin Zhang Kuo Lin Zhijian Liang Lei Wang Honggang Fu Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China Heilongjiang UniversityHarbin 150080China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China

Developing highly-efficient bifunctional oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts is crucial for the widespread application of rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs).Herein,an efficiency electrodeposition and pyrolytic strategy to synthesize the three-dimensional(3D)N-doped carbon coating multiple valence Co and MnO heterostructures supported on carbon cloth substrate(Co-MnO@NC/CC).It contains Co-Co,Co-N,and Co-O bonds,which synergistically enhance the oxygen reaction activity with *** exhibits a working potential of 1.473 V at 10 mA·cm^(−2)for OER and onset potential of 0.97 V for *** calculations demonstrate that the synergy between cobalt and manganese species could optimize the d-band center and reduce the energy barrier of Co-MnO@NC/CC for both OER and ORR ***,the MnO acts as the main OER active site could significantly optimize the energy barrier of O*→OOH*,thus further promoting the OER *** can be directly used as the air-cathode for both liquid-state and solid-state ZABs,which could afford a small voltage gap of 0.75 V at 10 mA·cm^(−2),a high power density of 172.5 mW·cm^(−2)and a long-term durability for 400 h,surpassing those of the Pt/C+RuO_(2)-based ***,the assembled batteries show potential applications in portable devices.

关键词： heterostructure synergy valence cobalt manganese oxide Zn-air battery