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Critical analysis of feeding jejunostomy following resection of upper gastrointestinal malignancies

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第2期9卷 53-60页

作者： Andrew M Blakely Saad Ajmal rachel e Sargent Thomas T Ng Thomas J Miner Department of Surgery Rhode Island HospitalProvidence Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence

AIM To assess nutritional recovery,particularly regarding feeding jejunostomy tube(FJT)utilization,following upper gastrointestinal resection for malignancy. MeTHODS A retrospective review was performed of a prospectively-maintained database of adult patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy(subtotal or total)for cancer with curative intent,from January 2001 to June 2014. Patient demographics,the approach to esophagectomy,the extent of gastrectomy,FJT placement and utilization at discharge,administration of parenteral nutrition(PN),and complications were evaluated. All patients were followed for at least ninety days or until *** The 287 patients underwent upper GI resection,comprised of 182 esophagectomy(n=107 transhiatal,58.7%; n=56 Ivor-Lewis,30.7%)and 105 gastrectomy [n=63 subtotal(SG),60.0%; n=42 total(TG),40.0%]. 181 of 182 esophagectomy patients underwent FJT,compared with 47 of 105 gastrectomy patients(99.5% vs 44.8%,P ergone TG(n=39,92.9% vs n=8 SG,12.9%,P edian length of stay was similar between esophagectomy and gastrectomy groups(14.7 d vs 17.1 d,P=0.076). Upon discharge,87 esophagectomy patients(48.1%)were taking enteral feeds,with 53(29.3%)fully and 34(18.8%)partially dependent. Meanwhile,20 of 39 TG patients(51.3%)were either fully(n=3,7.7%)or partially(n=17,43.6%)dependent on tube feeds,compared with 5 of 8 SG patients(10.6%),all of whom were partially dependent. Gastrectomy patients were significantly less likely to be fully dependent on tube feeds at discharge compared to esophagectomy patients(6.4% vs 29.3%,P=0.0006). PN was administered despite FJT placement more often following gastrectomy than esophagectomy(n=11,23.4% vs n=7,3.9%,P=0.0001). FJT-specific complications requiring reoperation within 30 d of resection occurred more commonly in the gastrectomy group(n=6),all after TG,compared to 1 esophagectomy patient(12.8% vs 0.6%,P=0.0003). Six of 7 patients(85.7%)who experienced tube-re

关键词： Feeding jejunostomy esophagectomy Gastrectomy Nutritional recovery Outcomes

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Free vibration and transient response of double curved beams connected by intermediate straight beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2025年第1期46卷 37-62页

作者： R.A.JAFARI-TALOOKOLAeI H.GHANDVAR e.JUMAeV S.KHATIR T.CUONG-Le School of Mechanical engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Department of Mechanical engineering Faculty of Engineering New Uzbekistan University University of Business and Science Center for engineering Application and Technology Solutions Ho Chi Minh City Open University

This paper investigates the free vibration and transient response of interconnected structures including double curved beams and intermediate straight beams,which are all constructed from functionally graded porous(FGP) materials. The strain potential and kinetic energies of each beam along with the work done by the external force are calculated. Additionally, a higher-order beam element is introduced to derive stiffness and mass matrices, along with the force vector. The curved and straight beams are discretized, and their assembled stiffness, mass matrices, and force vectors, are *** conditions at the joints are used to derive the total matrices of the entire structure. Subsequently, the natural frequencies and transient response of the system are determined. The accuracy of the mathematical model and the self-developed computer program is validated through the comparison of the obtained results with those of the existing literature and commercial software ANSYS, demonstrating excellent ***, a comprehensive study is conducted to investigate the effects of various parameters on the free vibration and transient response of the considered structure.

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Folate binding protein—Outlook for drug delivery applications

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2015年第4期26卷 426-430页

作者： rachel L.Merzel Jun-Jie Chen e.Neil G.Marsh Mark M.Banaszak Holl Department of Chemistry University of Michigan

Serum proteins represent an important class of drug and imaging agent delivery vectors. In this mini- review, key advantages of using serum proteins are discussed, followed by the particular advantages and challenges associated with employing soluble folate binding protein. In particular, approaches employing drugs that target folate metabolism are reviewed. Additionally, the slow-onset, tight- binding interaction of folate with folate binding protein and the relationship to a natural oligomerization mechanism is discussed. These unique aspects of folate binding protein suggest interesting applications for the protein as a vector for further drug and imaging agent development.

关键词： Folate binding proteinSerum proteinDrug deliveryFolate conjugateFolic acid

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Identification of genes preferentially expressed in wild strawberry receptacle fruit and demonstration of their promoter activities

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1005-1014页

作者： rachel Shahan Dongdong Li Zhongchi Liu Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Zhejiang University College of Biosystems Engineering and Food ScienceKey Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling Ministry of AgricultureZhejiang Key Laboratory for Agri-Food ProcessingZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058People’s Republic of China Department of Biology and Howar

Fragaria vesca(***),the wild strawberry,is a diploid model for the commercial,octoploid strawberry as well as other members of the economically relevant Rosaceae *** the fruits of tomato and Arabidopsis,the fleshy fruit of strawberry is unique in that it is derived from the floral receptacle and has an external seed ***,identification and subsequent characterization of receptacle-expressed genes may shed light on novel developmental processes or provide insight into how developmental regulation differs between receptacle-derived and ovary-derived ***,since fruit and flower tissues are the last organs to form on a plant,the development of receptacle fruitspecific promoters may provide useful molecular tools for research and *** this work,we mined previously generated RNA-Seq datasets and identified 589 genes preferentially expressed in the strawberry receptacle versus all other profiled *** of a select subset of the 589 genes were isolated and their activities tested using a GUS transcriptional *** promoters may now be used by the *** research community for a variety of purposes,including driving expression of tissue-specific reporters,RNAi constructs,or specific genes to manipulate fruit ***,identified genes with receptacle-specific expression patterns,including MADS-Box and KNOX family transcription factors,are potential key regulators of fleshy fruit development and attractive candidates for functional characterization.

关键词： straw attractive fruit

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Temperature-induced plasticity at cellular and organismal levels in the lizard Anolis carolinensis

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 208-217页

作者： rachel M.GOODMAN Tze P.HeAH Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA

Among ectotherms,individuals raised in cooler temperatures often have larger body size and/or larger cell *** current study tested whether geographic variation in cell size and plasticity for cell size exist in a terrestrial,ectothermic vertebrate,Anolis carolinensis Voigt,*** demonstrated temperature-induced plasticity in erythrocytes and epithelial cells of hatchlings lizards derived from the eggs of females sampled from four populations and incubated at multiple *** cells were produced in hatchlings from cooler treatments;however,hatchling body size was unaffected by ***,temperature-induced plasticity applies at the cellular,but not organismal,level in *** addition,reaction norms for cell size differed among *** was a latitudinal trend in cell size and in plasticity of cell size among our study *** two southernmost populations showed plasticity in cell size,whereas the two northernmost ones did *** suggest that selection pressure for larger cell size in northern,cooler environments has restricted plasticity in *** applied at the cellular level in response to variable incubation environments.

关键词： epithelium erythrocyte phenotypic plasticity reptile temperature

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Male-driven reproductive and agonistic character displacement in darters and its implications for speciation in allopatry

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Current Zoology 2018年第1期64卷 101-113页

作者： rachel L. MORAN Rebecca C. FULLeR School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Champaign IL 61820 USA

Selection against hybridization can cause mating traits to diverge between species in sympatry via reproductive character displacement （RCD）. Additionally, selection against interspecific fighting can cause aggressive traits to diverge between sympatric species via agonistic character displacement （ACD）. By directly affecting conspecific recognition traits, RCD and ACD between species can also incidentally cause divergence in mating and fighting traits among populations within a species [termed cascade RCD （CRCD） and cascade ACD]. Here, we demonstrate patterns consistent with male-driven RCD and ACD in 2 groups of darters （orangethroat darter clade Ceasia and rainbow darter etheostoma caeruleum）. In both groups, males that occur in sympatry （between Ceasia and e. caeruleum） have higher levels of preference for mating and fighting with conspecifics over heterospecifics than do males from allopatry. This is consistent with RCD and ACD. We also found patterns consistent with CRCD and cascade ACD among species of Ceasia. Ceasia males that are sympatric to e. caeruleum （but allopatric to one another） also have heightened preferences for mat- ing and fighting with conspecific versus heterospecific Ceasia. In contrast, Ceasia males that are allopatric to e. caeruleum readily mate and fight with heterospecific Ceasia. We suggest that RCD and ACD between Ceasia and e. caeruleum has incidentally led to divergence in mating and fighting traits among Ceasia species. This study is unique in that male preferences evolve via both RCD （male preference for conspecific females） and ACD （male preference to fight conspecific males） which leads to subsequent divergence among allopatric lineages.

关键词： agonistic character displacement behavioral isolation cascade reinforcement reinforcement reproductive charac-ter displacement speciation.

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The role of retinoic acid in the commitment to meiosis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第6期23卷 549-554页

作者： rachel L Gewiss M Christine Schleif Michael D Griswold School of Molecular Biosciences and Center for Reproductive Biology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA

Male meiosis is a complex process whereby spermatocytes undergo cell division to form haploid *** review focuses on the role of retinoic acid(RA)in meiosis,as well as several processes regulated by RA before cell entry into meiosis that are critical for proper meiotic entry and ***,we discuss RA metabolism in the testis as well as the roles of stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8(STRA8)and MeIOSIN,which are responsive to RA and are critical for *** assert that transcriptional regulation in the spermatogonia is critical for successful meiosis.

关键词： meiosis retinoic acid spermatogenesis testis

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Regulation of enolase activation to promote neural protection and regeneration in spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1457-1462页

作者： Hannah MMcCoy rachel Polcyn Naren LBanik Azizul Haque Department of Microbiology and Immunology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Department of Neurosurgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA Ralph H.Johnson Veterans Administration Medical Center CharlestonSCUSA

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is a debilitating condition characterized by damage to the spinal cord resulting in loss of function,mobility,and sensation with no *** and Drug Administration-approved ***,a multifunctional glycolytic enzyme upregulated after SCI,promotes pro-and anti-inflammatory events and regulates functional recovery in *** is normally expressed in the cytosol,but the expression is upregulated at the cell surface following cellular injury,promoting glial cell activation and signal transduction pathway ***-induced microglia activation triggers pro-inflammatory mediators at the injury site,activating other immune cells and metabolic events,i.e.,Rho-associated kinase,contributing to the neuroinflammation found in *** surface expression also activates cathepsin X,resulting in cleavage of the C-terminal end of neuron-specific enolase(NSe)and non-neuronal enolase(NNe).Fully functional enolase is necessary as NSe/NNe C-terminal proteins activate many neurotrophic processes,i.e.,the plasminogen activation system,phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B,and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated *** here suggest an enolase inhibitor,eNOblock,attenuates the activation of Rho-associated kinase,which may decrease glial cell activation and promote functional recovery following ***,eNOblock inhibits cathepsin X,which may help prevent the cleavage of the neurotrophic C-terminal protein allowing full plasminogen activation and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase *** combined NSe/cathepsin X inhibition may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for preventing neuroinflammation/degeneration and promoting neural cell regeneration and recovery following *** role of cell membrane-expressed enolase and associated metabolic events should be investigated to determine if the same strategies can be applied to other neu

关键词： cathepsin X eNOblock enolase glia mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase neurodegeneration neuroinflammation phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/protein kinase B Rho-associated protein kinase spinal cord injury

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Multiple reaction monitoring for the detection of disease-related synaptic proteins

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第23期9卷 2042-2043页

作者： rachel Yoon Kyung Chang Peter R.Dodd School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Queensland

Synaptic dysfunction occurs early in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） and is acknowledged as a primary pathologic target for treatment. Synaptic degeneration is the pathological feature most strongly correlated with loss of cognitive function ante mortern （Terry et al., 1991）. Synapses are heavily damaged in hippocampal and neocortical regions of AD brain, whereas motor and occipital cortices are relatively spared （Honer et al., 1992）. Despite extensive work, the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic degeneration are largely unknown.

关键词： MRM Multiple reaction monitoring for the detection of disease-related synaptic proteins

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The epididymal immune balance:a key to preserving male fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 531-539页

作者： Allison Voisin Fabrice Saez Joel R Drevet rachel Guiton Team Mechanisms of Posttesticular Infertility GReD LaboratoryCNRS UMR 6293-INSERM U1103 University of Clermont Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand 63001France

Up to 15%of male in fertility has an immuno logical origi n,either due to repetitive infections or to autoimmune resp on ses mainly affecting the epididymis,prostate,and *** observations and epidemiological data clearly contradict the idea that the testis confers immune protection to the whole male genital *** a consequenee,the epididymis,in which posttesticular spermatozoa mature and are stored,has raised some in terest in recent years when it comes to its immune mecha *** deed,sperm cells are produced at puberty,long after the establishment of self-toleranee,and they possess unique surface proteins that cannot be recognized as *** are potential targets of the immune system,with the risk of inducing autoantibodies and consequently male *** immunity is based on a finely tuned equilibrium between efficient immune responses to pathogens and strong tolerance to sperm *** processes rely on incompletely described molecules and cell *** review compiles recent studies focusing on the immune cell types populating the epididymis,and proposes hypothetical models of the organization of epididymal immunity with a special emphasis on the immune response,while also discussing important aspects of the epididymal immune regulation such as tolerance and tumour control.

关键词： epididymis immune response lymphocytes mononuclear phagocytes toleranee

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