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Polyethylene glycol fusion repair of severed rat sciatic nerves reestablishes axonal continuity and reorganizes sensory terminal fields in the spinal cord

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2095-2107页

作者： Emily A.Hibbard Liwen Zhou Cathy Z.Yang Karthik Venkudusamy Yessenia Montoya Alexa Olivarez George D.Bittner Dale r.Sengelaub Program in Neuroscience Indiana UniversityBloomingtonINUSA Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA

Peripheral nerve injuries result in the rapid degeneration of distal nerve segments and immediate loss of motor and sensory functions;behavioral recovery is typically *** used a plasmalemmal fusogen,polyethylene glycol(PEG),to immediately fuse closely apposed open ends of severed proximal and distal axons in rat sciatic *** have previously reported that sciatic nerve axons repaired by PEG-fusion do not undergo Wallerian degeneration,and PEG-fused animals exhibit rapid(within 2–6 weeks)and extensive locomotor ***,our previous report showed that PEG-fusion of severed sciatic motor axons was non-specific,i.e.,spinal motoneurons in PEG-fused animals were found to project to appropriate as well as inappropriate target *** this study,we examined the consequences of PEG-fusion for sensory axons of the sciatic *** adult male and female rats(Sprague–Dawley)received either a unilateral single cut or ablation injury to the sciatic nerve and subsequent repair with or without(Negative Control)the application of *** action potentials recorded immediately after PEG-fusion repair confirmed conduction across the injury *** success of PEG-fusion was confirmed through Sciatic Functional Index testing with PEG-fused animals showing improvement in locomotor function beginning at 35 days *** 2–42 days postoperatively,we anterogradely labeled sensory afferents from the dorsal aspect of the hindpaw following bilateral intradermal injection of wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish ***-fusion repair reestablished axonal *** to unoperated animals,labeled sensory afferents ipsilateral to the injury in PEG-fused animals were found in the appropriate area of the dorsal horn,as well as inappropriate mediolateral and rostrocaudal ***,despite having intact peripheral nerves,similar reorganizations of labeled sensory afferents were also observed contralateral to the injury and repa

关键词： axotomy dorsal horn peripheral nerve injury plasticity polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve sensory terminals wheat germ agglutinin horseradish peroxidase

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Design of Human Adaptive Mechatronics Controller for Upper Limb Motion Intention Prediction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第4期71卷 1171-1188页

作者： r.Joshua Samuel raj J.Prince Antony Joel Salem Alelyani Mohammed Saleh Alsaqer C.anand Deva Durai Department of Information Science&Engineering CMR Institute of TechnologyBengaluruIndia Department of Mechatronics Engineering Rajas Engineering CollegeTirunelveliIndia Center for Artificial Intelligence King Khalid UniversityAbhaKingdom of Saudi Arabia College of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityAbhaKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Human Adaptive Mechatronics(HAM)includes human and computer system in a closed *** person with disabilities,normally carry out their daily routines with some assistance to move their *** the short fall of human care takers,mechatronics devices are used with the likes of exoskeleton and exosuits to assist *** rehabilitation and occupational therapy equipments utilize the electromyography(EMG)signals to measure the muscle activity *** paper focuses on optimizing the HAM model in prediction of intended motion of upper limb with high accuracy and to increase the response time of the *** characteristics extraction from EMG signal and prediction of optimal controller parameters are *** and frequency based approach of EMG signal are considered for feature *** models used for estimating motion and muscle parameters from EMG signal for carrying out limb movement predictions are *** on the extracted features,optimal parameters are selected by Modified Lion Optimization(MLO)for controlling the HAM ***,supervised machine learning makes predictions at different points in time for individual sensing using Support Vector Neural Network(SVNN).This model is also evaluated based on optimal parameters of motion estimation and the accuracy level along with different optimization models for various upper limb *** proposed model of human adaptive controller predicts the limb movement by 96%accuracy.

关键词： Exoskeleton electromyography(emg) human adaptive mechatronics occupational therapy motion prediction machine learning

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The Author reply

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2011年第1期10卷 107-108页

作者： Vui Heng Chong anand Jalihal Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineRIPAS Hospital

We thank *** et al for their interest in our recent publication on biliary interventions during pregnancy and value their views on one of the latest innovation for biliary interventions without radiation exposure. [1] We fully agree with their comments that such technologies should be evaluated and adopted into clinical ***,in any interventions including those carried out during pregnancy,several principles should be adhered to.

关键词： The Author reply

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Profiles of autoimmune hepatitis in Brunei Darussalam

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第6期8卷 602-607页

作者： anand Jalihal Pemasari Upali Telisinghe Vui Heng Chong Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medicine Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha(RIPAS)Hospital Department of Pathology raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha(rIPAS)Hospital

BACKGrOUND:Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the *** on the disease remain scarce in the Southeast Asia *** study was undertaken to assess the profiles of AIH in Brunei ***:Nineteen patients with AIH treated at the hepatology clinic,rIPAS Hospital(up until December 2008)were ***,laboratory,histologic,clinical,and therapeutic data of the patients were ***:The median age of the 19 patients at diagnosis was 52 years(range 33-70)with a male to female ratio of 1:*** patients were diagnosed with typeⅠ*** prevalence rate of the disease was 5.61/100 000 and was higher in the Chinese than in Malays and Indigenous *** seen presentations were abnormal liver function(52.6%),icteric hepatitis(36.8%),and decompensated liver disease(10.5%).Histologically advanced fibrosis was found in 47.4%and cirrhosis in 21.1%of the ***-mediated diseases were present in 36.8%.In a follow-up for 31 months(range 0.25-102),three patients died,2 had progressive liver failure and 1 had *** biochemical response was seen in 75%of the patients,partial response in 12.5%,and no response in 12.5%.HLA DrB1*03(Dr3) was detected in 18.2%of the patients and DrB1*04(Dr4) in 45.5%.There were significant associations between HLA Cw7(P=0.038)and DQB1*04(P=0.007).CONCLUSIONS:The data of the 19 patients were comparable to those reported in the *** of the patients were found to have abnormal *** were significant associations between HLA Cw7 and DQB104,but not between DrB103(Dr3)and DrB104(Dr4).

关键词： hepatitis human leukocyte antigens outcomes hepatic failure cirrhosis

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Deep learning network with Euclidean similarity factor for Brain Mr Tumor segmentation and volume estimation

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2019年第6期10卷 57-84页

作者： G.anand Kumar P.V.Sridevi Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering(Autonomous)Visakhapatnam Andhra PradeshIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Andhra University College of Engineering(Autonomous)Visakhapatnam Andhra PradeshIndia

The major goal of this paper is to isolate tumor region from nontumor regions and the estimation of tumor *** segmentation is not an easy task due to the varying size,shape and location of the *** segmentation,volume estimation is necessary in order to accurately estimate the tumor *** exactly estimating the volume of abnormal tissue,physicians can do excellent prognosis,clinical planning and dosage *** paper describes a new Euclidean Similarity factor(ESF)based active contour model with deep learning for segmenting the tumor region into complete,core and enhanced tumor ***,the ESF considers the spatial distances and intensity differences of the region automatically to detect the tumor *** preserves the image details but removes the noisy ***,the 3D Convolutional Neural Network(3D CNN)segments the tumor by automatically extracting spatiotemporal ***,the extended shoelace method estimates the volume of the tumor accurately for n-sided *** simulation result achieves a high accuracy of 92%and Jaccard index of 0.912 and computes the tumor volume with effective performance than existing approaches.

关键词： Active contour brain tumor segmentation convolutional neural network Euclidean similarity factor magnetic resonance imaging

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A simplified tool for building layout design based on thermal comfort simulations

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Frontiers of Architectural research 2017年第2期6卷 218-230页

作者： Prashant anand Chirag Deb ramachandraiah Alur Civil Engineering Department (BTCM Division) Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai 600036 India Department of Building School of Design and Environment National University of Singapore Singapore

Thermal comfort aspects of indoor spaces are crucial during the design stages of building layout planning. This study presents a simplified tool based on thermal comfort using predicted mean vote （PMV） index. Thermal comfort simulations were performed for 14 different possible room Layouts based on window configurations. ECOTECT 12 was used to determine the PMV of these rooms for one full year, leading to 17,808 simulations. Simulations were performed for three different climatic zones in India and were validated using in-situ measurements from one of these climatic zones. For moderate climates, rooms with window openings on the south facade exhibited the best thermal comfort conditions for nights, with comfort conditions prevailing for approximately 79.25% of the time annually. For operation during the day, windows on the north facade are favored, with thermal comfort conditions prevailing for approximately 77.74% of the time annually. Similar results for day and night time operation for other two climatic zones are presented. Such an output is essential in deciding the layout of buildings on the basis of functionality of the different rooms （living room, bedroom, kitchen） corresponding to different operation times of the day.

关键词： Thermal comfort Building layoutdesign Building orientation Simplified tool ECOTECT simulation

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role of dental plaque,saliva and periodontal disease in Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第19期20卷 5639-5653页

作者： Pradeep S anand Kavitha P Kamath Sukumaran Anil Department of Periodontics People’s College of Dental Sciences and Research CentreBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462037India Department of Oral Pathology People’s Dental AcademyBhopalMadhya Pradesh 462037India Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry College of DentistryKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11545Saudi Arabia

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans. Although H. pylori may be detected in the stomach of approximately half of the world’s population, the mechanisms of transmission of the microorganism from individual to individual are not yet clear. Transmission of H. pylori could occur through iatrogenic, fecal-oral, and oral-oral routes, and through food and water. The microorganism may be transmitted orally and has been detected in dental plaque and saliva. However, the role of the oral cavity in the transmission and recurrence of H. pylori infection has been the subject of debate. A large number of studies investigating the role of oral hygiene and periodontal disease in H. pylori infection have varied significantly in terms of their methodology and sample population, resulting in a wide variation in the reported results. Nevertheless, recent studies have not only shown that the microorganism can be detected fairly consistently from the oral cavity but also demonstrated that the chances of recurrence of H. pylori infection is more likely among patients who harbor the organism in the oral cavity. Furthermore, initial results from clinical trials have shown that H. pylori-positive dyspeptic patients may benefit from periodontal therapy. This paper attempts to review the current body of evidence regarding the role of dental plaque, saliva, and periodontal disease in H. pylori infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Dental plaque Saliva Oral cavity Periodontitis Periodontal therapy

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LOA-rPL:Novel Energy-Efficient routing Protocol for the Internet of Things Using Lion Optimization Algorithm to Maximize Network Lifetime

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 351-371页

作者： Sankar Sennan Somula ramasubbareddy anand Nayyar Yunyoung Nam Mohamed Abouhawwash Department of Computer Science Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India VNr Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering&Technology Hyderabad500090India Graduate School Duy Tan UniversityDa NangVietnam550000Vietnam Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan UniversityDa NangVietnam550000Vietnam Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA

Energy conservation is a significant task in the Internet of Things(IoT)because IoT involves highly resource-constrained *** is an effective technique for saving energy by reducing duplicate *** a clustering protocol,the selection of a cluster head(CH)plays a key role in prolonging the lifetime of a ***,most cluster-based protocols,including routing protocols for low-power and lossy networks(rPLs),have used fuzzy logic and probabilistic approaches to select the CH ***,early battery depletion is produced near the *** overcome this issue,a lion optimization algorithm(LOA)for selecting CH in rPL is proposed in this ***-rPL comprises three processes:cluster formation,CH selection,and route establishment.A cluster is formed using the Euclidean *** selection is performed using *** establishment is implemented using residual energy *** extensive simulation is conducted in the network simulator ns-3 on various parameters,such as network lifetime,power consumption,packet delivery ratio(PDr),and *** performance of LOA-rPL is also compared with those of rPL,fuzzy rule-based energyefficient clustering and immune-inspired routing(FEEC-IIr),and the routing scheme for IoT that uses shuffled frog-leaping optimization algorithm(rISArPL).The performance evaluation metrics used in this study are network lifetime,power consumption,PDr,and *** proposed LOArPL increases network lifetime by 20%and PDr by 5%–10%compared with rPL,FEEC-IIr,and ***-rPL is also highly energy-efficient compared with other similar routing protocols.

关键词： Internet of things cluster head clustering protocol optimization algorithm lion optimization algorithm network lifetime routing protocol wireless sensor networks energy consumption low-power and lossy networks

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Differential fault location identification by machine learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第1期6卷 17-24页

作者： Anubhab Baksi Santanu Sarkar Akhilesh Siddhanti ravi anand Anupam Chattopadhyay Nanyang Technological University Singapore Indian Institute of Technology ChennaiIndia Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaUSA Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurIndia

As the fault‐based attacks are becoming a more pertinent threat in today's era of edge computing/internet‐of‐things,there is a need to streamline the existing tools for better accuracy and ease of use,so that we can gauge the attacker's power and a proper countermeasure can be devised in the long *** this regard,we propose a machine learning(ML)assisted tool that can be used in the context of a differential fault *** particular,finding the exact fault location by analysing the output difference(typically the XOr of the nonfaulty and the faulty ciphertexts)is somewhat *** the literature survey,we notice that the Pearson's correlation coefficient dominantly is used for this purpose,and has almost become the defacto *** this method can yield good accuracy for certain cases,we argue that an MLbased method is more powerful in all the situations we experiment *** sub-stantiate our claim by showing the relative performances(we choose the commonly used multilayer perceptron as our ML tool)with two variants of Grain‐128a(a stream cipher,and a stream cipher with authentication),the lightweight stream cipher LIZArD and the lightweight block cipher SIMON‐32(where the faults are injected at the fifth last rounds).Our results demonstrate that a common ML tool can outperform the correlation with the same training/testing *** believe that our work extends the state‐of‐the‐art by showing how traditional cryptographic methods can be replaced by a more powerful ML tool.

关键词： fault typically gauge

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Food for the mind:The journey of probiotics from foods to anti-Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics

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Food Bioscience 2023年第1期51卷 54-66页

作者： Abhinav anand Navneet Khurana rajesh Kumar Neha Sharma School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Lovely Professional UniversityJalandhar-Delhi G.T.RoadPhagwaraPunjab144411India CT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences CT Group of InstitutionsSouth CampusShahpurPunjabIndia

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease which finds its place in the top five reasons for mortality across the *** date,there is no disease modifying therapeutic approach for *** pharmacological treatment does not provide anything except mere symptomatic *** the recent years,research on the Gut Brain Axis(GBA)has garnered keen attention of researchers *** may be possible that a disease modifying approach for AD has been present in nature since ages waiting to be *** comprehensive review aims at establishing a concrete link between the consumption of probiotics and neuroprotection in *** foods are deeply seated in the culinary history of every *** multiple benefits associated with the usage of probiotics have become more like a legacy that is handed down from generation to *** use of probiotics to achieve therapeutic aim in cases of AD via the GBA has become a highly researched *** have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory *** have been found to hold significance in the field of food based anti-AD *** have been reported to maintain the integrity of intestinal epithelium and the blood brain ***,the recently available knowledge about the molecular mechanisms behind the anti-inflammatory effect of probiotics in AD is *** more feathers to the hat,probiotics have been found to have remarkable antioxidant activity and cognition enhancing *** these factors make a very strong case in favour of probiotics to be explored more deeply as anti-AD therapeutics.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Anti-inflammatory Antioxidant Gut brain axis Probiotics

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