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Nutrition interventions and clinical outcomes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: More than meets the eye

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 126-128页

作者： Sony Sinha prateek nishant Ranjeet Kumar Sinha Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatnaPatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001DelhiIndia

In the retrospective study by Luo et al regarding clinical outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),the results are statistically significant in favour of the benefits of individualized nutrition interventions enumerated *** study has provided important evidence to improve maternal and child health in the Asian *** methods,however,appear to have considerable limi-tations,wherein the time point of diagnosis of GDM,severity of GDM,selection bias,compliance to therapy,important maternal covariates,observable microvascular abnormalities and the confounding effect of added insulin have not been *** have provided suggestions to improve the external validity of the study,including the use of Equator Network reporting guidelines and inclusion of overweight and obese patients in future studies.

关键词： Glucose intolerance Hyperglycemia Obesity Pregnancy Research methodology

Intraocular lens selection in diabetic patients:How to increase the odds for success

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第6期15卷 1199-1211页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya prateek nishant Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh Sony Sinha Aarti Heda Sarika Salodia Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801113BiharIndia Department of Glaucoma and Research Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology National Institute of OphthalmologyPune 411000MaharashtraIndia Department of Safety Global Medical SafetyLundbeckSingapore 307591Singapore Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

The incidence of cataracts is significantly higher in diabetic individuals,particularly in younger age groups,with rates quadrupled in those under 65 and doubled in those over 65 compared to *** surgery in diabetic patients poses many challenges:Poor epithelial healing,decreased corneal sensitivity,increased central corneal thickness,decreased endothelial cell count,variable topography,poor pupillary dilatation,anterior capsular phimosis,posterior capsular opacification(PCO),chances of progression of diabetic retinopathy(DR),zonular weakness,and vitreous prolapse and diabetic macular *** of an appropriate intraocular lens(IOL)is crucial for visual rehabilitation and monitoring *** choice of IOL in diabetic cataract patients is a challenging ***-edge IOLs are favored for their capacity to mitigate PCO,whereas hydrophilic counterparts may incur calcification in the setting of proliferative *** advisability of premium IOLs for achieving spectacle independence warrants judicious evaluation,particularly in the presence of advanced *** IOL placement within the capsular bag is advocated to minimize postoperative *** preoperative assessment and informed patient counseling regarding IOL options are indispensable for optimizing surgical *** review article covers various aspects regarding the choice of IOLs in different case scenarios and complications in the diabetic population.

关键词： Diabetics Cataract Intraocular lens Diabetic retinopathy Diabetes mellitus

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness and mechanical ventilation:A reciprocal relationship

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第18期12卷 3644-3647页

作者： Ranjeet Kumar Sinha Sony Sinha prateek nishant Arvind Kumar Morya Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegeBiharPatna 800004India Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesBiharPatna 801507India Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegeBiharPatna 801113India Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesTelanganaHyderabad 508126India

Intensive care unit-acquired weakness(ICU-AW;ICD-10 Code:G72.81)is a syndrome of generalized weakness described as clinically detectable weakness in critically ill patients with no other credible *** risk factors for ICU-AW include hyperglycemia,parenteral nutrition,vasoactive drugs,neuromuscular blocking agents,corticosteroids,sedatives,some antibiotics,immobilization,the disease severity,septicemia and systemic inflammatory response syndrome,multiorgan failure,prolonged mechanical ventilation(MV),high lactate levels,older age,female sex,and pre-existing systemic *** is a definite association between the duration of ICU stay and MV with ***,the interpretation that these are modifiable risk factors influencing ICU-AW,appears to be flawed,because the relationship between longer ICU stays and MV with ICU-AW is reciprocal and cannot yield clinically meaningful strategies for the prevention of *** strategies must be based on other risk *** multicentric randomized controlled trials as well as meta-analysis of such studies can be a more useful approach towards determining the influence of these risk factors on the occurrence of ICU-AW in different populations.

关键词： Critical illness Meta-analysis Morbidity Myopathy Polyneuropathy Risk factors

Novel automated non-invasive detection of ocular surface squamous neoplasia using artificial intelligence

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第2期14卷 51-64页

作者： Sony Sinha Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh prateek nishant Arvind Kumar Morya Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology–Vitreo Retina Neuro Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507India Department of Glaucoma and Research Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017India Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801113India Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126India Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001India

Ocular surface squamous neoplasia(OSSN)is a common eye surface tumour,characterized by the growth of abnormal cells on the ocular *** includes invasive squamous cell carcinoma(SCC),in which tumour cells penetrate the basement membrane and infiltrate the stroma,as well as non-invasive conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia,dysplasia,and SCC in-situ thereby presenting a challenge in early detection and *** identification and precise demarcation of the OSSN border leads to straightforward and curative treatments,such as topical medicines,whereas advanced invasive lesions may need orbital exenteration,which carries a risk of *** intelligence(AI)has emerged as a promising tool in the field of eye care and holds potential for its application in OSSN *** algorithms trained on large datasets can analyze ocular surface images to identify suspicious lesions associated with OSSN,aiding ophthalmologists in early detection and *** can also track and monitor lesion progression over time,providing objective measurements to guide treatment ***,AI can assist in treatment planning by offering personalized recommendations based on patient data and predicting the treatment *** manuscript highlights the role of AI in OSSN,specifically focusing on its contributions in early detection and diagnosis,assessment of lesion progression,treatment planning,telemedicine and remote monitoring,and research and data analysis.

关键词： Conjunctival neoplasm Early detection of cancer Machine learning Deep neural network Precision medicine

Diabetic retinopathy:A review on its pathophysiology and novel treatment modalities

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World Journal of Methodology 2024年第4期14卷 61-76页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh prateek nishant Kirandeep Kaur Bharat Gurnani Aarti Heda Sarika Salodia Head of the Department Department of OphthalmologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Glaucoma Medical Officer Department of Glaucoma and ResearchMahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Gomabai Netralaya and Research CentreNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Cornea and Refractive Services Gomabai Netralaya and Research CentreNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Ophthalmology National Institute of OphthalmologyPune 411000MaharashtraIndia Global Medical Safety LundbeckSingapore 569933SingaporeSingapore

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic metabolic non-communicable disease with the ability to cause serious microvascular and macrovascular complications throughout the body,including in the *** retinopathy(DR),present in onethird of patients with diabetes,is a vision-threatening complication caused by uncontrolled diabetes,which greatly affects the retinal blood vessels and the lightsensitive inner retina,eventually leading to *** epidemiological studies elucidate that DR can vary by age of onset,duration,types of diabetes,and *** studies show that the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy has spread its roots beyond merely being the result of *** complexity of its etiopathology and diagnosis makes therapeutic intervention *** review throws light on the pathological processes behind DR,the cascade of events that follow it,as well as the available and emerging treatment options.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetic retinopathy Diabetic macular edema Intravitreal injection Laser photocoagulation

Axenfeld-Reiger syndrome: A search for the missing links

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第29期11卷 7034-7042页

作者： Arvind Kumar Morya Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh Sony Sinha prateek nishant Nazia Nain Ravi NaikRamavath Chetana Gone Ripunjay Prasad Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBibi NagarHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Glaucoma Medical Officer Mahathma Eye Hospital Private LimitedThennurTrichy 620017Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina and Oculoplasty All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology RP Eye InstituteDelhi 110001DelhiIndia

BACKGROUND Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome(ARS)is a rare cause of congenital glaucoma and may result in loss of *** is mostly autosomal dominant in nature characterized by developmental abnormalities in the angle of anterior chamber and iris of the eye,also associated with structural abnormalities in the *** To study and observe the demographics and clinical findings in a very rare ocular disease known as *** Case records of symptomatic patients attending Ophthalmology outpatient department and diagnosed to have ocular hypertension or glaucoma in 3 years from March 2017 to March 2020 were evaluated to search for cases diagnosed with *** of all patients diagnosed with ARS were then analysed for demographic and clinical characterization as well as management and success of *** Eight out of ten patients with positive clinical signs were symptomatic and had *** of these patients had limbal stem cell deficiency and another had vernal *** Clinical characterization of ARS is important for making a definitive diagnosis and determining prognosis.

关键词： Axenfeld-Reiger Syndrome Glaucoma Limbal stem cell deficiency Vernal keratoconjuctivitis