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Re-evaluation of recent research on metabolic utilization of energy in poultry:Recommendations for a net energy system for broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 62-72页

作者： Jean Noblet Aye-Cho Tay-Zar Shu-Biao Wu Pairat Srichana pierre cozannet pierre-Andre Geraert Mingan Choct INRAE RennesFrance Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Company Limited(CPF) BangkokThailand School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleAustralia Adisseo France S.A.S. AntonyFrance

Different energy systems have been proposed for energy evaluation of feeds for domestic *** oldest and most commonly used systems take into account the fecal energy loss to obtain digestible energy(DE),and fecal,urinary and fermentation gases energy losses to calculate metabolizable energy(ME).In the case of ruminants and pigs,the net energy(NE)system,which takes into account the heat increment associated with the metabolic utilization of ME,has progressively replaced the DE and ME systems over the last 50 *** poultry,apparent ME(AME)is used exclusively and NE is not yet used *** present paper considers some important methodological points for measuring NE in poultry feeds and summarizes the available knowledge on NE systems for *** prediction equations based on a common analysis of three recent studies representing a total of 50 complete and balanced diets fed to broilers are proposed;these equations including the AME content and easily available chemical indicators have been validated on another set of 30 *** equations are applicable to both ingredients and complete *** rely primarily on an accurate and reliable AME value which then represents the first limiting predictor of NE *** analysis indicates that NE would be a better predictor of broiler performance than AME and that the hierarchy between feeds is dependent on the energy system with a higher energy value for fat and a lower energy value for protein in an NE *** considerations for implementing such an NE system from the commonly used AME or AMEn(AME adjusted for zero nitrogen balance)systems are *** conclusion,there is sufficient information to allow the implementation of the NE concept in order to improve the accuracy of feed formulation in poultry.

关键词： Poultry Feed evaluation Net energy Energy system

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Multi-carbohydrase enzymes improve feed energy in broiler diets containing standard or low crude protein

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 496-505页

作者： Sosthene Musigwa Natalie Morgan Robert A.Swick pierre cozannet Sarbast K.Kheravii Shu-Biao Wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Adisseo France SAS 92160AntonyFrance

This study evaluated the effect of multi-carbohydrase(MC)on energy and nitrogen(N)balance and gene expression in broilers fed diets with different crude protein(CP)*** study employed a 2×2 factorial arrangement of *** factors were presence or absence of MC,and standard(SCP)or low(LCP)dietary CP concentration.A 3-phase feeding program was used,including starter(0 to 7 d),grower(8 to 17 d)and finisher(18 to 28 d)*** study was undertaken in closed calorimetry *** of the 4 dietary treatments was replicated 8 times in total across 2 runs,with 2 birds per replicate(n=64).Data for energy partitioning and N balance were collected from d 25 to *** d 28,birds were euthanized to collect muscle and intestinal tissue samples for gene *** results showed that the MC increased apparent metabolizable energy(AME,P<0.01)and net energy(NE,P<0.05),and reduced the feed conversion ratio(FCR,P<0.01)in all *** proportion of energy retained as fat per total energy retention(REf/RE)was positively correlated with feed AME and NE(r=0.541,P<0.01 and r=0.665,P<0.001,respectively),suggesting that feed energy augmented with increased fat *** ATP synthase subunit alpha(ATPSA1W)gene expression had a positive cor-relation with REf/RE and feed NE(r=0.587,P<0.001 and r=0.430,P<0.05,respectively).Similarly,muscle peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha(PGC-1A)expression was negatively correlated with weight gain and positively correlated with FCR(r-0.451,P<0.05 and r-0.359,P<0.05,respectively).These correlations show that over-expressions of muscle genes related to energy production reduce bird *** study demonstrated that MC increase dietary energy utilization,regardless of dietary CP ***,the energy released by the enzymes in-creases feed energy-to-CP ratio,meaning there is excess energy that is then deposited as body *** suggests that supplemental MC in broiler feeds is benefi

关键词： Apparent metabolizable energy Net energy Nitrogen efficiency Gene expression Energy-to-protein ratio

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Potential of guar gum as a leaky gut model in broilers: Digestibility,performance, and microbiota responses

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 177-187页

作者： Amine Mellouk Tahir Mahmood Maamer Jlali Nuria Vieco-Saiz Virginie Michel pierre cozannet Sarper Ozbek Yves Mercier Estelle Devillard Jessika Consuegra Department of R&I in Monogastric Animal Nutrition European Laboratory of Innovation Science & Expertise (ELISE)

Diet is a major modulator of animal resilience and its three pillars: host?s immune response, gut microbiota, and intestinal barrier. In the present study, we endeavour to delineate a challenging condition aimed to degrade these pillars and elucidate its impact on broiler performance and nutrient digestibility. To attain this objective, we opted to use guar gum(GG) as a source of galactomannan. A series of three in vivo experiments were conducted employing conventional or semi-purified diets, supplemented with or without GG during the grower phase(14-28 d). Our findings demonstrate a substantial decline in animal performance metrics such as body weight(reduced by 29%, P < 0.001), feed intake(decreased by 12%, P < 0.001), and feed conversion ratio(up to 58% increase, P < 0.001) in the presence of GG at 2%. The supplementation of a semi-purified diet with incremental doses of GG resulted in a linear reduction(P < 0.001) in the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and apparent metabolisable energy. Additionally, a marked reduction in ileal endogenous losses, as well as apparent and standardised digestibility of all amino acids with varying proportions(P < 0.05), was observed. These alterations were accompanied by disrupted gut integrity assessed by fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran(FITC-d)(P < 0.001) as well as an inflammatory status characterised by elevated levels of acute-phase proteins,namely orosomucoid and serum amyloid A in the sera(P = 0.03), and increased m RNA expression levels of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, Inos, and K203 genes in the ileum, along with a decrease in Ig A levels in the gut lumen(P < 0.05). Microbial ecology and activity were characterised by reduced diversity and richness(Shannon index, P = 0.005) in the presence of GG. Consequently, our results revealed diminished levels of shortchain fatty acids(P = 0.01) and their producer genera, such as Clostridium＿XIVa and Blautia, in the gut caeca, coupled with excessive accumulation of lactate(17-f

关键词： Animal resilience Guar gum Broilers’ gut health Performance Digestibility Microbiota

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肠道健康平衡对人和猪都至关重要

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中国动物保健 2014年第9期16卷 66-67页

作者：李崇婕 pierre cozannet 西安泰乐星畜牧科技有限公司陕西西安710075

随着畜牧业集约化和标准化的快速发展,人们对身体健康和餐桌上动物产品的安全意识逐年提高,动物养殖业主们对所饲养动物的肠道健康和药残的关注度上升到一定的高度,目前市面上对肠道功能有提升的产品很多,而同时具备双向免疫调节且效果... 详细信息

随着畜牧业集约化和标准化的快速发展,人们对身体健康和餐桌上动物产品的安全意识逐年提高,动物养殖业主们对所饲养动物的肠道健康和药残的关注度上升到一定的高度,目前市面上对肠道功能有提升的产品很多,而同时具备双向免疫调节且效果稳定,没有任何配伍禁忌的绿色环保无残留的产品不多。目前兴起的糖肽类制剂符合这一理念,为动物肠道健康和基础保健开辟了一条绿色通道。

关键词：肠道健康动物产品平衡安全意识身体健康动物养殖肠道功能免疫调节

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如何使母猪在哺乳期拥有最佳的体况

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2020年第2期40卷 22-24页

作者： pierre cozannet 黄选洋(译) 王晶晶(校) Adisseo法国公司不详

近年来,母猪的生产性能有所提高。品种、营养和健康状况的改善推动了这些变化。但是一些旨在应对母猪较高营养需求量的方案仍然没有得到充分利用,碳水化合物复合酶就是其中之一。

关键词：母猪哺乳期营养碳水化合物复合酶

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如何提高营养物质的消化率

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2017年第3期37卷 70-71页

作者：潘淑勤(译) 邵建忠韩浩月（校） pierre cozannet 不详

能量、蛋白质和磷在饲料成本中占极大的比重,使用新一代酶制剂,所有营养物质的消化率可以得到改善。能量、蛋白质和磷的成本平均分别占饲料成本的64%、27%和9%。虽然能量本身不是一种营养物质,但是它来自碳水化合物、脂类和蛋白的代谢。

关键词：营养物质消化率氨基酸平衡脂类表观代谢能家禽生产沉积率非淀粉多糖阿拉伯木聚糖可消化氨基酸

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Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 574-586页

作者： Olivier Kerdiles Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-mba Katherine Coulombe Cyntia Tremblay VincentÉmond Martine Saint-pierre Clémence Rouxel Line Berthiaume pierre Julien Francesca Cicchetti Frédéric Calon Facultéde pharmacie UniversitéLaval1050 Avenue de la MédecineQuebecQCCanada Axe Neuroscience Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval(Pavillon CHUL)2705 Boulevard LaurierQuebecQCCanada Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods QuebecQCCanada Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory(NutriNeuro FranceINAFCanada)QuebecQCCanada Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Médecine Facultéde MédecineUniversitéLavalQuebecQCCanada Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences Facultéde MédecineQuebecQCCanada

There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson’s disease after *** that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,such as docosahexaenoic acid,and exercise in Parkinson’s disease,we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic ***,mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal *** weeks after lesion,animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 *** this period,the animals had access to a running wheel,which they could use or *** acid treatment,voluntary exercise,or the combination of both had no effect on(i)distance traveled in the open field test,(ii)the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or(iii)the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars ***,the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned *** to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone,the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise(i)improved forelimb balance in the stepping test,(ii)decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and(iii)led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned *** present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： 6-hydroxydopamine dopamine dopamine transporter exercise neurorestoration Parkinson’s disease polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-3

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A spotlight on dosage and subject selection for effective neuroprotection: exploring the central role of mitochondria

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1081-1082页

作者： John Mitrofanis Jonathan Stone Michael R.Hamblin pierre Magistretti Alim-Louis Benabid Glen Jeffery Fonds Clinatec UniversitéGrenoble AlpesGrenobleFrance School of Medical Science University of SydneySydneyAustralia Faculty of Health Sciences University of JohannesburgJohannesburgSouth Africa King Abdullah University of Science and Technology ThuwalSaudi Arabia Institute of Ophthalmology University College LondonLondonUK

Neurons are notoriously vulnerable cell *** the slightest change in their internal and/or external environments will cause much distress and dysfunction,leading often to their death.A range of pathological conditions,including stroke,head trauma,and neurodegenerative disease,can generate stress in neurons,affecting their survival and proper *** most neural pathologies,mitochondria become dysfunctional and this plays a pivotal role in the process of cell *** challenge over the last few decades has been to develop effective interventions that improve neuronal homeostasis under pathological *** interventions,often referred to as disease-modifying or neuroprotective,have,however,proved frustratingly elusive,at both preclinical and,in particular,clinical *** this perspective,we highlight two factors that we feel are key to the development of effective neuroprotective *** are:firstly,the choice of dose of intervention and method of application,and secondly,the selection of subjects,whether they be patients or the animal model.

关键词： protective dosage distress

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Brachioradialis tendon transfer and palmaris longus tendon graft for thumb avulsion:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第4期13卷 48-55页

作者： pierre Curings Sonia Ramos-Pascual Kinga Michalewska Nicolas Gibert Lionel Erhard Mo Saffarini AlexisNogier Department of Hand Surgery Clinique TrenelSainte-Colombe 69560France Medical Research ReSurg SANyon 1260VaudSwitzerland Department of Hand Surgery Hand and Upper Limb Surgical InstituteVilleurbanne 69100France Department of Orthopaedics Clinique TrenelSainte-Colombe 69560France

BACKGROUND Thumb replantation following complete traumatic avulsion requires complex techniques to restore function,especially in cases of avulsion at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joint(MCP I)and avulsion of the flexor pollicis longus(FPL)at the musculotendinous *** treatments include direct tendon suture or tendon transfer,most commonly from the ring *** optimize function and avoid donor finger complications,we performed thumb replantation with flexion restoration using brachioradialis(BR)tendon transfer with palmaris longus(PL)tendon *** SUMMARY A 20-year-old left-handed male was admitted for a complete traumatic left thumb amputation following an accident while sliding from the top of a *** patient presented with skin and bone avulsion at the MCP I,avulsion of the FPL tendon at the musculotendinous junction(zone 5),avulsion of the extensor pollicis longus tendon(zone T3),and avulsion of the thumb’s collateral arteries and *** patient was treated with two stage thumb *** first intervention consisted of thumb replantation with MCP I arthrodesis,resection of avulsed FPL tendon and implantation of a silicone tendon *** second intervention consisted of PL tendon graft and BR tendon ***-up at 10 months showed good outcomes with active interphalangeal flexion of 70°,grip strength of 45 kg,key pinch strength of 15 kg and two-point discrimination threshold of 4 *** Flexion restoration after complete thumb amputation with FPL avulsion at the musculotendinous junction can be achieved using BR tendon transfer with PL tendon graft.

关键词： Brachioradialis tendon transfer Flexor pollicis longus Palmaris longus tendon graft Replantation Thumb amputation Thumb avulsion Case report

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A Review on Complex System Engineering

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2020年第6期33卷 1755-1784页

作者： PARREND pierre COLLET pierre ECAM Strasbourg-Europe 2Rue de MadridSchiltigheimFrance University of Strasbourg StrasbourgFrance

Complexity is commonly summarized as‘the actions of the whole are more than the sum of the actions of the parts’.Understanding how the coherence emerges from these natural and artificial systems provides a radical shift in the process of thought,and brings huge promises for controlling and fostering this *** authors define the term‘Complex System Engineering’to denote this approach,which aims at transferring the radical insights from Complex System Science to the pragmatic world of engineering,especially in the Computing System Engineering domain.A theoretical framework for Complex System Engineering is built by the morphogenetic engineering framework,which identifies a graduation of models,in growing order of generative *** implementation of Complex System Engineering requires a portfolio of operational solutions:The authors therefore provide a classification of Complex System application approaches to answer this challenge and support the emergence of Complex System Engineers capable of addressing the issues of an ever more connected world.

关键词： Complex networks complex software engineering complex systems design structure matrix emergent engineering evolutionary algorithms organically grown architectures

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