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Characterization and mode of action analysis of black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)larva-derived hemocytes

Insect Science 2022年第4期29卷 1071-1095页

作者： Yvette M.von Bredow Ariane Müller philipp f.popp Denis Iliasov Christoph-Rüdiger von Bredow Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen Institut für Allgemeine Zoologie und EntwicklungsbiologieZelluläre Erkennungs-und AbwehrprozesseGießenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Fakultät BiologieInstitut für ZoologieDresdenGermany Technische Universität Dresden Fakultät BiologieInstitut für MikrobiologieDresdenGermany Present address:philipp f.popp Institute for Biology-Bacterial PhysiologyHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany

With the growing importance of the black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens)for both sustainable food production and waste management as well as for science,a great demand of understanding its immune system ***,we present the first description of the circulating larval hemocytes with special emphasis on uptake of microorganisms and distinguishing hemocyte *** histological,zymographic,and cytometric methods and with a set of hemocyte binding lectins and antibodies,the hemocytes of *** are identified as plasmatocytes,crystal cells,and putative *** hemocyte counts(THC)are determined,and methods for THC determination are *** 1100 hemocytes per microliter hemolymph are present in naive animals,while hemocyte density decreases dramatically shortly after wounding,indicating a role of hemocytes in response to wounding(and immune response in general).The determination of the relative abundance of each hemocyte type(differential hemocyte count,DHC)revealed that plasmatocytes are highly abundant,whereas prohemocytes and crystal cells make up only a small percentage of the circulating *** are not only the most abundant but also the professional phagocytes in *** rapidly engulf and take up bacteria both in vivo and in vitro,indicating a very potent cellular defense against invading *** bioparticles such as yeasts are also removed from circulation by phagocytosis,but slower than *** is the first analysis of the potent cellular immune response in the black soldier fly,and a first toolbox that helps to identify hemocyte(types)is presented.

关键词： black soldier fly(Hermetia ilucens) cellular immunity crystal cell hemocyte types immunity of economically imporant insects microbe phagoeytosis plasmatocyte

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Mode structure symmetry breaking of reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes and its impact on the generation of parallel velocity asymmetries in energetic particle distribution

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第2期24卷 17-27页

作者： Guo MENG philipp LAUBER Xin WANG Zhixin LU Max-Planck-Institut fiir Plasmaphysik D-85748 GarchingGermany

In this work,the gyrokinetic eigenvalue code LIGKA,the drift-kinetic/MHD hybrid code HMGC and the gyrokinetic full-f code TRIMEG-GKX are employed to study the mode structure details of reversed shear Alfvén eigenmodes(RSAEs).Using the parameters from an ASDEXUpgrade plasma,a benchmark with the three different physical models for RSAE without and with energetic particles(EPs)is carried *** agreement has been found for the mode frequency and the growth *** structure symmetry breaking(MSSB)is observed when EPs are included,due to the EPs’non-perturbative *** is found that the MSSB properties are featured by a finite radial wave phase velocity,and the linear mode structure can be well described by an analytical complex Gaussian expressionФ(s)=e^(-σ(s-s_(0))^(2))with complex parametersσand s_(0),where s is the normalized radial *** mode structure is distorted in opposite manners when the EP drive shifted from one side of qminto the other side,and specifically,a non-zero average radial wave number with opposite signs is *** initial EP density profiles and the corresponding mode structures have been used as the input of HAGIS code to study the EP *** parallel velocity of EPs is generated in opposite directions,due to different values of the average radial wave number,corresponding to different initial EP density profiles with EP drive shifted away from the qmin.

关键词： reversed shear Alfvén eigenmode symmetry breaking energetic particles non-perturbative effects

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A multi-layered policy generation and management engine for semantic policy mapping in clouds

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Digital Communications and Networks 2020年第1期6卷 38-50页

作者： faraz fatemi Moghaddam philipp Wieder Ramin Yahyapour Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche Datenverarbeitung mbH Gottingen(GWDG) Germany Institute of Informatics Georg-August-UniversitatGottingenGermany

The long awaited cloud computing concept is a reality now due to the transformation of computer ***,security challenges have become the biggest obstacles for the advancement of this emerging technology.A well-established policy framework is defined in this paper to generate security policies which are compliant to requirements and ***,a federated policy management schema is introduced based on the policy definition framework and a multi-level policy application to create and manage virtual clusters with identical or common security *** proposed model consists in the design of a well-established ontology according to security mechanisms,a procedure which classifies nodes with common policies into virtual clusters,a policy engine to enhance the process of mapping requests to a specific node as well as an associated cluster and matchmaker engine to eliminate inessential mapping *** suggested model has been evaluated according to performance and security parameters to prove the efficiency and reliability of this multilayered engine in cloud computing environments during policy definition,application and mapping procedures.

关键词： Cloud computing Security Security management Policy management Access control Policy mapping

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Data-driven Bayesian inference of turbulence model closure coefficients incorporating epistemic uncertainty

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2021年第12期37卷 1812-1838页

作者： Daigo Maruyama philipp Bekemeyer Stefan Gortz Simon Coggon Sanjiv Sharma German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology Lilienthalplatz 738108 BraunschweigGermany Airbus Operations Limited Pegasus House Aerospace AveFiltonBristol BS347PA

We introduce a framework for statistical inference of the closure coefficients using machine learning *** objective of this framework is to quantify the epistemic uncertainty associated with the closure model by using experimental data via Bayesian *** framework is tailored towards cases for which a limited amount of experimental data is *** consists of two ***,by treating all latent variables(non-observed variables)in the model as stochastic variables,all sources of uncertainty of the probabilistic closure model are quantified by a fully Bayesian *** probabilistic model is defined to consist of the closure coefficients as parameters and other parameters incorporating ***,the uncertainty associated with the closure coefficients is extracted from the overall uncertainty by considering the noise being *** overall uncertainty is rigorously evaluated by using Markov-Chain Monte Carlo sampling assisted by surrogate *** apply the framework to the Spalart-Allmars one-equation turbulence *** test cases are considered,including an industrially relevant full aircraft model at transonic flow conditions,the Airbus ***,we demonstrate that epistemic uncertainties in the closure coefficients result into uncertainties in flow quantities of interest which are prominent around,and downstream,of the shock occurring over the XRf1 *** data-driven approach could help to enhance the predictive capabilities of CfD in terms of reliable turbulence modeling at extremes of the flight envelope if measured data is available,which is important in the context of robust design and towards virtual aircraft *** plentiful amount of information about the uncertainties could also assist when it comes to estimating the influence of the measured data on the inferred model ***,the developed framework is flexible and can be applied to different test cases and to various turbulence model

关键词： Turbulence modeling Uncertainty quantification Parameter calibration Bayesian statistics Surrogate-assisted methods Spalart-Allmaras one-equation turbulence model Large-scale industrial aircraft use-case

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Reaction zone characterization of counter-flow diffusion flame with diluted and preheated reactants

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2009年第3期16卷 278-284页

作者： Yu-ying Liu Jean-michel Most philipp Bauer Alain Claverie School of Jet Propulsion Beijing University of Aeronautics ＆ Astronautics Beijing 100083 China Laboratoire de Combustion et de Détonique （UPR 9028 au CNRS） F-86961 Futuroscope Cedex Poitiers France

Reaction zone characteristics were studied using hydroxy radical planar laser-induced fluorescence （OH-PLIf） technique for a counter-flow preheated （CH4＋N2）/（Air＋N2） diluted diffusion flames. The effects of preheat temperature and dilute ratio on the reaction zone characteristics were investigated by demonstrating the OH intensity distribution and reaction zone thickness from OH-PLIf images. Under the experimental conditions of constant cold flow velocity, the results show that the OH intensity and reaction zone thickness decrease with the increase of dilute ratio at constant preheat temperature and increase with preheat temperature at fixed dilute ratio. The OH maximum intensity shifts towards the ＂lean＂ side of counter flow at constant preheat temperature, and it shifts towards the fuel side with the increase of dilute ratio of fuel stream and towards the oxidizer side with the increase of dilute ratio of oxidizer stream respectively. The feasibility of OH as a reaction zone marker in this diluted combustion is verified further. The variation of diffusion and chemical reaction rate of reactants due to preheat and dilution contributes to the reaction zone characteristics simultaneously. The effect of strain on the flame reaction zone should be included in the future work.

关键词： counter-flow preheat diluted combustion reaction zone OH-PLIf

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Tissue-resident memory T cells break tolerance to renal autoantigens and orchestrate immune-mediated nephritis

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第9期21卷 1066-1081页

作者： frederic Arnold Laurence Kupferschmid philipp Weissenborn Lukas Heldmann Jonas f.Hummel Paulina Zareba Sagar Manuel Rogg Christoph Schell Yakup Tanriver Department of Medicine IV Medical CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Institute of Microbiology and Hygiene Medical CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Institute of Pathology Medical CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany Department of Medicine II Medical CenterFaculty of MedicineUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Immune-mediated nephritis is a leading cause of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney *** the role of B cells and antibodies has been extensively investigated in the past,the advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors has led to a reappraisal of the role of T cells in renal ***,it remains elusive how T cells with specificity for renal autoantigens are activated and participate in immune-mediated ***,we followed the fate and function of pathogen-activated autoreactive CD8 T cells that are specific for a renal *** demonstrate that recently activated splenic CD8 T cells developed a hybrid phenotype in the context of renal autoantigen cross-presentation,combining hallmarks of activation and T cell *** circulating memory T cells rapidly disappeared,tissue-resident memory T cells emerged and persisted within the kidney,orchestrating immune-mediated ***,T cells infiltrating kidneys of patients with interstitial nephritis also expressed key markers of tissue *** study unveils how a tissue-specific immune response can dissociate from its systemic counterpart driving a compartmentalized immune response in the kidneys of mice and ***,targeting tissue-resident memory T cells emerges as a promising strategy to control immune-mediated kidney disease.

关键词： T cell response Tissue residency Renal autoimmunity Nephritis CD8

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Automatic method for the estimation of li-ion degradation test sample sizesrequired to understand cell-to-cell variability

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 139-147页

作者： Calum Strange Michael Allerhand philipp Dechent Gonçalo dos Reis School of Mathematics University of EdinburghThe Kings buildingsEdinburghEH93JFScotlandUnited Kingdom Institute for Power Electronics and Electrical Drives(ISEA) RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany Centro de Matematica e Aplicacoes(CMA) Faculdade de Ciencias e TecnologiaCampus da CaparicaCaparica2829-516Portugal

The testing of battery cells is a long and expensive process, and hence understanding how large a test set needsto be is very useful. This work proposes an automated methodology to estimate the smallest sample size ofcells required to capture the cell-to-cell variability seen in a larger population. We define cell-to-cell variationbased on the slopes of a linear regression model applied to capacity fade curves. Our methodology determinesa sample size which estimates this variability within user specified requirements on precision and *** sample size is found using the distributional properties of the slopes under a normality assumption, andan implementation of the approach is available on *** the five datasets in the study, we find that a sample size of 8–10 cells (at a prespecified precision andconfidence) captures the cell-to-cell variability of the larger datasets. We show that prior testing knowledge canbe leveraged with machine learning models to operationally optimise the design of new cell-testing, leadingup to a 75% reduction in experimental costs.

关键词： Battery Testing Lithium-ion Degradation Statistics Manufacturing Machine learning

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Wave propagation through disordered media without backscattering and intensity variations

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 623-629页

作者： Konstantinos G Makris Andre Brandstötter philipp Ambichl Ziad H Musslimani Stefan Rotter Crete Center for Quantum Complexity and Nanotechnology Department of PhysicsUniversity of CreteHeraklion 71003Greece Institute for Theoretical Physics Vienna University of Technology(TU-Wien)Vienna 1040Austria Department of Mathematics Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306USA

A fundamental manifestation of wave scattering in a disordered medium is the highly complex intensity pattern the waves acquire due to multi-path *** we show that these intensity variations can be entirely suppressed by adding disorder-specific gain and loss components to the *** resulting constant-intensity waves in such non-Hermitian scattering landscapes are free of any backscattering and feature perfect transmission through the *** experimental demonstration of these unique wave states is envisioned based on spatially modulated pump beams that can flexibly control the gain and loss components in an active medium.

关键词： Anderson localisation complex media non-Hermitian physics scattering

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Applying ionic liquids as oil additives for gearboxes:Going beyond the state of the art by bridging the nano-scale and component level

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friction 2023年第6期11卷 1057-1078页

作者： Azhaarudeen ANIfA MOHAMED fARUCK philipp G.GRÜTZMACHER Chia-Jui HSU Dominik DWORSCHAK Hsiu-Wei CHENG Markus VALTINER Kristof STAGEL philipp MIKSOVSKY Apurba Ranjan SAHOO Aitor SAINZ MARTINEZ Katharina BICA-SCHRODER Michael WEIGAND Carsten GACHOT Institut für Konstruktionswissenschaften und Produktentwicklung(IKP) Tribology Research DivisionTU WienVienna1060Austria Institut für Angewandte Physik(IAP) Applied Interface Physics research groupTU WienVienna1040Austria Institut für Angewandte Synthesechemie(IAS) Sustainable Organic Synthesis and Catalysis research groupTU WienVienna1060Austria

Ionic liquids(ILs)have been used effectively in many applications for reducing problems related to friction and *** this work,the potential of ILs as an anti-wear and extreme pressure lubricant additive for high load-carrying gearbox applications such as helicopter transmissions has been *** halide-free ILs:P_(8881)(BuO)_(2)PO_(2)^(-)(1)and P_(8881)(MeO)_(2)PO_(2)^(-)(2),which are blended at 5 wt%each into a standard non-additivated fVA2 base oil(BO)are *** solid-liquid interface,friction and load-carrying capacity,and wear(scuffing)behavior are studied on the nano-,lab-,and component-scale,respectively,at a different range of temperature and loading conditions by using the atomic force microscopy(AfM),Schwing-Reib-Verschleiβ(SRV)friction tests,and Brugger tests,as well as forschungsstelle für zahnrader und getriebebau(fZG)back-to-back gear test *** AfM analysis shows nearly no change of adhesion over the full range of studied temperature for the IL blends compared to the ***,IL blends demonstrate a very stable coefficient of friction(COf)of around 0.16,which even decreases with increasing test temperatures ranging from 40 to 120℃.A clear reduction in COf up to 25%is achieved by adding only 5 wt%of the investigated Ils in the BO,and the Brugger tests also show a pronounced enhancement of load-carrying ***,on the component-scale,a significant improvement in gear scuffing performance has been observed for both used IL blends.A detailed characterization of the wear tracks from the SRV friction tests via the transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed the formation of a phosphate(P-O)-based amorphous tribo-chemical layer of about 20 nm ***,this work may present an approach for Ils to be used as an additive in conventional lubricants due to their ability to enhance the lubrication properties,making them an alternative lubricant solution for high load-carrying gearbox applications.

关键词： ionic liquids(ILs) additives gears scuffing friction load-carrying capacity

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Helicobacter pylori vac A genotype is a predominant determinant of immune response to Helicobacter pylori CagA

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第26期23卷 4712-4723页

作者： Alexander Link Cosima Langner Wiebke Schirrmeister Wiebke Habendorf Jochen Weigt Marino Venerito Ina Tammer Dirk Schlüter philipp Schlaermann Thomas f Meyer Thomas Wex Peter Malfertheiner Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious DiseasesOtto-von-Guericke University Institute of Medical Microbiology Otto-von-Guericke University Helmholtz Center for Infection Research Department of Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology Department of Molecular Genetics Medical Laboratory for Clinical ChemistryMicrobiology and Infectious Diseases

To evaluate the frequency of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) CagA antibodies in H. pylori infected subjects and to identify potential histopathological and bacterial factors related to H. pylori CagA-immune response. METHODSSystematic data to H. pylori isolates, blood samples, gastric biopsies for histological and molecular analyses were available from 99 prospectively recruited subjects. Serological profile (anti-H. pylori, anti-CagA) was correlated with H. pylori isolates (cagA, EPIYA, vacA s/m genotype), histology (Sydney classification) and mucosal interleukin-8 (IL-8) mRNA and protein expression. Selected H. pylori strains were assessed for H. pylori CagA protein expression and IL-8 induction in co-cultivation model with AGS cells. RESULTSThirty point three percent of microbiologically confirmed H. pylori infected patients were seropositive for CagA. Majority of H. pylori isolates were cagA gene positive (93.9%) with following vacA polymorphisms: 42.4% vacA s1m1, 23.2% s1m2 and 34.3% s2m2. Anti-CagA-IgG seropositivity was strongly associated with atrophic gastritis, increased mucosal inflammation according to the Sydney score, IL-8 and cagA mRNA expression. VacA s and m polymorphisms were the major determinants for positive (vacA s1m1) or negative (vacA s2m2) anti-CagA serological immune response, which also correlated with the in vitro inflammatory potential in AGS cells. In vitro co-cultivation of representative H. pylori strains with AGS cells confirmed functional CagA translocation, which showed only partial correlation with CagA seropositivity in patients, supporting vacA as major co-determinant of the immune response. CONCLUSIONSerological immune response to H. pylori cagA+ strain in H. pylori infected patients is strongly associated with vacA polymorphism, suggesting the crucial role of bacterial factors in immune and clinical phenotype of the infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Seropositivity Virulence factors CagA VacA Immune response

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