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Genetic association of autoimmune hepatitis and human leucocyte antigen in German patients

world Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第34期12卷 5513-5516页

作者： Andreas Teufel Markus wrns Arndt weinmann Catherine Centner Anja Piendl Ansgar w Lohse peter R Galle Stephan Kanzler Department of Medicine I Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Germany Department of Medicine I University of Hamburg Germany

AIM: To report on our large German collective and updated data of 142 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) type 1. METHODS: Key investigations performed were liver biopsy, serum autoantibodies as well as serum markers such as IgG and elevated transaminases. Antinuclear antigen (ANA) and smooth muscle antigen (SMA) autoantibodies characterized type 1 AIH. Type 3 (AIH) was solely characterized by the occurrence of soluble liver antigen/liver-pancreas antigen (SLA/LP) autoantibodies either with or without ANA or SMA autoantibodies. RESULTS: Most prevalent HLAs were A2 (68 patients, 48%), B8 (63 patients, 44%), C7 (90 patients, 63%), DR3 (49 patients, 38%), DR4 (49 patients, 38%) and DQ2 (42 patients, 30%). Compared to the Italian and North American patients, we found fewer patients with a DQ2 subtype. Furthermore, the B8-DR3-DQ2 human leucocyte antigen (HLA) was also less prominent compared to the North American patients. However, prevalences of B8, DR3, DR4, DR7, DR11 and DR13 were comparable to the Italian and North American patients. Furthermore, we report on an additional subgroup of patients with SLA/LP positive AIH. Generally, in this subgroup of patients the same HLA subtypes were favoured as the AIH type 1. CONCLUSION: Although HLA subtypes were comparable between these three collectives, the German patients were distinct from the Italian and North American patients with respect to DQ2 and from the North American patients with respect to B8-DR3-DQ2HLA. A clinical correlation, e.g. difference in severity or treatability of AIH type 1, has yet to be determined.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Human leucocyte antigen Immunogenetics

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Methyl-β-cyclodextrin enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and associated microbial activity in contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第5期24卷 926-933页

作者： peter Christie Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Newforge Lane Belfast BT9 5PX United Kingdom

The contamination of soils by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a widespread environmental problem and the remediation of PAHs from these areas has been a major concern. The effectiveness of many in situ bioremediation systems may be constrained by low contaminant bioavailability due to limited aqueous solubility or a large magnitude of sorption. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of methyl-β-cyclodextrin （MCD） on bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 of an aged PAH-contaminated soil. when 10% （w/w） MCD amendment was combined with bioaugmentation by the PAH-degrading bacterium Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2, the percentage degradation of total PAHs was significantly enhanced up to 34.8%. Higher counts of culturable PAH- degrading bacteria and higher soil dehydrogenase and soil polyphenol oxidase activities were observed in 10% （w/w） MCD-assisted bioaugmentation soil. This MCD-assisted bioaugmentation strategy showed significant increases （p 〈 0.05） in the average well color development （AwCD） obtained by the BIOLOG Eco plate assay, Shannon-weaver index （H） and Simpson index （λ） compared with the controls, implying that this strategy at least partially restored the microbiological functioning of the PAH-contaminated soil. The results suggest that MCD-aided bioaugmentation by Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 may be a promising practical bioremediation strategy for aged PAH-contaminated soils.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons methyl-β-cyclodextrin biodegradation Paracoccus sp. strain HPD-2 microbial activity

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Detrital zircon U-Pb-He double dating: A method of quantifying long- and short-term exhumation rates in collisional orogens

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第11期57卷 2702-2711页

作者： Christina Yan wANG Ian H.CAMPBELL peter w.REINERS Charlotte M.ALLEN Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Research School of Earth Sciences The Australian National UniversityCanberra ACT 0200 Australia Department of Geosciences University of ArizonaTucson AZ 85721 USA

A U-Pb-He double-dating method is applied to detrital zircons with core-rim structure from the Ganges River in order to de- termine average short and long-term exhumation rates for the Himalayas. Long-term rates are calculated from the U/Pb ages of metamorphic rims of the grains that formed during the Himalayan orogeny and their crystallization temperatures, which are calculated from the Ti-in-zircon thermometer. Short-term rates are calculated from （U-Th）/He ages of the grains with appro- priate closure temperatures. The results show that short-term rates for the Himalayas, which range from 0.70 ± 0.09 to 2.67 ± 0.40 km/Myr and average 1.75 ± 0.59 （1δ） km/Myr, are higher and more varied than the long-term rates, which range from 0.84 ±0.16 to 1.85 ± 0.35 km/Myr and average 1.26 ±0.25 （let） km/Myr. The differences between the long-term and short-term rates can be attributed to continuous exhumation of the host rocks in different mechanisms in continental collision orogen. The U/Pb ages of 44.0 ± 3.7 to 18.3 ±0.5 Ma for the zircon rims indicate a protracted episode of -：25 Myr for regional metamorphism of the host rocks at deeper crust, whereas the （U-Th）/He ages of 42.2 ± 1.8 to 1.3 ± 0.2 Ma for the zircon grains represent a protracted period of -40 Myr for exposure of the host rocks to shallower crustal level. In particular, the oldest （U-Th）/He ages of the zircon grains are close to the oldest U/Pb ages for the rims, indicating that some parcels of the rocks that contain zircons were rapidly exhumed from deep to shallow levels in the stage of collisional orogeny. On the other hand, some parcels of the rocks may have been carried upwards by thrust faults in the post-collisional stage. The parcels could be carried upwards by the thrust faults that steepen as they near the surface, or by transient movement faults so that areas of rapid exhu- mation became areas of slow exhumation and visa versa on a time scale of a few Myr in order to maintain the continuous ex- huma

关键词： zircon U-Pb-He double-dating method Himalayas exhumation rate collisional orogen

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Cirrhotic portal hypertension: From pathophysiology to novel therapeutics

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第40期26卷 6111-6140页

作者： Lakmie S Gunarathne Harinda Rajapaksha Nicholas Shackel peter w Angus Chandana B Herath Department of Medicine Melbourne Medical SchoolThe University of MelbourneHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia School of Molecular Science College of ScienceHealth and EngineeringLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia ANZAC Research Institute ConcordNSW 2139Australia Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelbergVIC 3084Australia South western Sydney Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUniversity of New South WalesIngham Institute for Applied Medical Research1 Campbell StreetLiverpoolNSW 2170Australia

Portal hypertension and bleeding from gastroesophageal varices is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Portal hypertension is initiated by increased intrahepatic vascular resistance and a hyperdynamic circulatory state. The latter is characterized by a high cardiac output, increased total blood volume and splanchnic vasodilatation, resulting in increased mesenteric blood flow. Pharmacological manipulation of cirrhotic portal hypertension targets both the splanchnic and hepatic vascular beds. Drugs such as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin Ⅱ type receptor 1 blockers, which target the components of the classical renin angiotensin system(RAS), are expected to reduce intrahepatic vascular tone by reducing extracellular matrix deposition and vasoactivity of contractile cells and thereby improve portal hypertension. However, these drugs have been shown to produce significant offtarget effects such as systemic hypotension and renal failure. Therefore, the current pharmacological mainstay in clinical practice to prevent variceal bleeding and improving patient survival by reducing portal pressure is non-selective-blockers(NSBBs). These NSBBs work by reducing cardiac output and splanchnic vasodilatation but most patients do not achieve an optimal therapeutic response and a significant proportion of patients are unable to tolerate these *** statins, used alone or in combination with NSBBs, have been shown to improve portal pressure and overall mortality in cirrhotic patients, further randomized clinical trials are warranted involving larger patient populations with clear clinical end points. On the other hand, recent findings from studies that have investigated the potential use of the blockers of the components of the alternate RAS provided compelling evidence that could lead to the development of drugs targeting the splanchnic vascular bed to inhibit splanchnic vasodilatation in portal hypertension. This rev

关键词： Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Intrahepatic vascular resistance Hyperdynamic circulatory state Splanchnic vasodilatation Portal blood flow Non-selective betablockers Alternate renin angiotensin system

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Sexually transmitted infections of the anus and rectum

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15262-15268页

作者： Roland Assi peter w Hashim Vikram B Reddy Hulda Einarsdottir walter E Longo Department of Surgery Yale University School of Medicine

Sexually transmitted infections(STIs) represent a significant public health *** STIs,once thought to be on the verge of extinction,have recently *** change is thought to be partially related to an increase in STIs of the anus and ***,the global human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS) epidemic has contributed to the emergence of particular anorectal lesions that require specialized *** this report,we review common anorectal STIs that are frequently referred to colorectal surgeons in the United ***,clinical presentation,and management are summarized,including the latest treatment *** particularity of anorectal diseases in HIV/AIDS is addressed,along with recent trends in anal cytology and human papillomavirus vaccination.

关键词： Sexually transmitted disease Rectal disease Sexual behavior Human papillomavirus Human immunodeficiency virus Perianal disease Highly active antiretroviral therapy Human papilloma virus vaccines Anal cytology

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Neurotransmitter systems in mouse airways

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 1015-1016页

作者： peter w ABEL Cameron M KIEFFER Ya-ping TU Department of Pharmacology Creighton University School of Medicine

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to characterize the neurotransmitter systems that cause constriction of murine *** Murine precision cut lung slices(PCLS)and trachea were prepared,placed into perfusion chambers equipped with platinum electrodes and stimulated transmurally(1.0 ms,50 V,0.1-30 Hz).To measure PCLS constriction,changes in airway luminal area in response to electric field stimulation(EFS)were captured as video images quantified using Image J *** trachea,changes in isometric tension were recorded using Grass force *** response curves were generated in the absence and the presence of the inhibitors magnesium,atropine and capsaicin and responses analyzed and compared using a student's t-test(Pway constriction in a frequency-dependent manner that was best fit by a biphasic ***-specific stimulation was verified by Mg^(2+) *** airway constriction to 30 Hz EFS in PCLS was(51.8±3.0)%while tracheal constriction averaged(551±80)***,in PCLS the muscarinic receptor antagonist atropine(10μmol·L^(-1))blocked(99.5±7.2)%of EFS induced constriction at 1 Hz,but only blocked(23.3±3.8)%of EFS induced constriction at 30 Hz and eliminated the first phase but not the second phase of the biphasic EFS *** with capsaicin to deplete sensory neurotransmitters significantly increased EFS constriction supporting the presence of sensory neurotransmitter systems in *** These data are consistent with parasympathetic constriction of airways by acetylcholine at lower EFS frequencies while higher frequencies release sensory dilator *** data provide evidence for multiple nerve types innervating airways which may provide novel targets for treatment of lung disease.

关键词： airways nerve stimulation airway constriction atropine capsaicin

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Bacterial volatiles elicit differential olfactory responses in insect species from the same and different trophic levels

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Insect Science 2023年第5期30卷 1464-1480页

作者： Francine Antoinette Cornelus van Neerbos peter Dewitte Felix wäckers Tom wenseleers Hans Jacquemyn Bart Lievens CMPG Laboratory for Process Microbial Ecology and Bioinspirational Management(PME&BIM) Department M2SKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Leuven Plant Institute(LPI) KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution Biology DepartmentKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium Biobest WesterloBelgium Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Population Biology Biology DepartmentKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

Insect communities consist of species from several trophic levels that have to forage for suitable resources among and within larger patches of *** locate their resources,insects use diverse stimuli,including olfactory,visual,acoustic,tactile and gustatory *** most research has focused on cues derived from plants and other insects,there is mounting evidence that insects also respond to volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emitted by ***,to date little is known about how the olfactory response of insects within and across different trophic levels is affected by bacterial *** this study,we used Y-tube bioassays and chemical analysis of VOCs to assess how VOCs emitted by bacteria affect the olfactory response of insects of the same and different trophic *** were performed using two aphid species(Amphorophora idaei Börner and Myzus persicae *** Blackman),three primary parasitoid species(Aphidius colemani Viereck,*** Haliday,and *** Viereck),and two hyperparasitoid species(Asaphes suspensus Nees and Dendrocerus aphidum Rondani).Olfactory responses were evaluated for three bacterial strains(Bacillus pumilus ST18.16/133,Curtobacterium ***18.16/085,and Staphylococcus saprophyticus ST18.16/160)that were isolated from the habitat of the *** revealed that insects from all trophic levels responded to bacterial volatiles,but olfactory responses varied between and within trophic *** bacteria produced the same set of volatile compounds,but often in different relative *** 11 of these volatiles we found contrasting correlations between their concentration and the behavior of the primary parasitoids and ***,olfactometer experiments on three of these compounds confirmed the contrasting olfactory responses of primary parasitoids and *** potential of these findings for the development of novel semiochemical-based strategies to improve

关键词： aphids behavioral response hyperparasitoids parasitoids trophic chain

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Association between Exposure to Metals during Pregnancy,Childhood Gut Microbiome,and Risk of Intestinal Inflammation in Late Childhood

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Environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 739-749页

作者： Vishal Midya Manasi Agrawal Jamil M.Lane Chris Gennings Leonid Tarassishin Libni A.Torres-Olascoaga Joseph Eggers Jill K.Gregory Mellissa Picker Inga peter Jeremiah J.Faith Manish Arora Martha M.Tellez-Rojo Robert O.wright Jean-Frederic Colombel Shoshannah Eggers Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Division of Gastroenterology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Center for Molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease(PREDICT) Department of Clinical MedicineAalborg UniversityCopenhagen 9220Denmark Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of MedicineNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Center for Research on Nutrition and Health National Institute of Public HealthCuernavaca 62508Mexico Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Department of Epidemiology University of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa City 52242 IowaUnited States Instructional Technology Group Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States

Alterations to the gut microbiome and exposure to metals during pregnancy have been suggested to impact inflammatory bowel ***,how prenatal exposure to metals eventually results in long-term effects on the gut microbiome,leading to subclinical intestinal inflammation,particularly during late childhood,has not been *** is also unknown whether such an interactive effect drives a specific subgroup of children toward elevated susceptibility to intestinal *** used an amalgamation of machine-learning techniques with a regression-based framework to explore if children with distinct sets of gut microbes and certain patterns of exposure to metals during pregnancy(metal−microbial clique signature)had a higher likelihood of intestinal inflammation,measured based on fecal calprotectin(FC)in late *** obtained samples from a well-characterized longitudinal birth cohort from Mexico City(n=108),*** the second and third trimesters of pregnancy,11 metals were measured in whole *** microbial abundances and FC were measured in stool samples from children 9−11 years of *** FC was defined as having FC above 100μg/g of *** identified subgroups of children in whom microbial and metal−microbial clique signatures were associated with elevated FC(false discovery rate(FDR)we found two metal−microbial clique signatures significantly associated with elevated FC:(1)low cesium(Cs)and copper(Cu)in the third trimester and low relative abundance of Eubacterium ventriosum(OR[95%CI]:10.27[3.57,29.52],FDRw Cu in the third trimester and high relative abundances of Roseburia inulinivorans and Ruminococcus torques(OR[95%CI]:7.21[1.81,28.77],FDRwith specific gut microbes and specific exposure patterns to metals during pregnancy may have higher fecal calprotectin levels in late childhood,denoting an elevated risk of intestinal inflammation.

关键词： exposome metals machine learning microbiome environmental epidemiology intestinal inflammation

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Reversibility of central neuronal changes in patients recovering from gallbladder stones or acute cholecystitis

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第46期12卷 7522-7526页

作者： Daniel w Kjaer Marek Stawowy Lars Arendt-Nielsen Asbjφrn Mohr Drewes peter Funch-Jensen Surgical Gastroenterology Department L Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology V Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Center for Sensory-Motor Interactions Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Denmark Department of Medical Gastroenterology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark

AIM: To investigate the referred pain area in patients 2-7 years after cholecystectomy in order to test the hypothesis that neuroplastic changes could give rise to post cholecystectomy pain. METHODS: Forty patients were tested. Twenty five were cholecystectomized due to uncomplicated gallbladder stones and 15 because of acute cholecystitis. Sensitivity to pinprick, heat, cold, pressure and single and repeated electrical stimulation was studied both in the referred pain area and in the control area on the contra lateral side of the abdomen. RESULTS: Five patients still intermittently suffered from pain. But in the objective test of the 40 patients, no statistical significant difference was found between the referred pain area and the control area. CONCLUSION: This study does not support the hypothesis that de novo neuroplastic changes could develop several years after cholecys-tectomy.

关键词： Referred pain Hyperalgesia Cholecystitis Post cholecystectomy syndrome

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A method combining refined composite multiscale fuzzy entropy with PSO-SVM for roller bearing fault diagnosis

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Journal of Central South University 2019年第9期26卷 2404-2417页

作者： XU Fan peter w TSE Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management City University of Hong KongHong Kong 990777China

Combining refined composite multiscale fuzzy entropy(RCMFE)and support vector machine(SVM)with particle swarm optimization(PSO)for diagnosing roller bearing faults is proposed in this *** with refined composite multiscale sample entropy(RCMSE)and multiscale fuzzy entropy(MFE),the smoothness of RCMFE is superior to that of those *** corresponding comparison of smoothness and analysis of validity through decomposition accuracy are considered in the numerical experiments by considering the white and 1/f noise *** RCMFE,RCMSE and MFE are developed to affect extraction by using different roller bearing vibration *** the extracted RCMFE,RCMSE and MFE eigenvectors are regarded as the input of the PSO-SVM to diagnose the roller bearing ***,the results show that the smoothness of RCMFE is superior to that of RCMSE and ***,the fault classification accuracy is higher than that of RCMSE and MFE.

关键词： refined composite multiscale fuzzy entropy roller bearings support vector machine fault diagnosis particle swarm optimization

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