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Hospital outcomes and early readmission for the most common gastrointestinal and liver diseases in the United States:Implications for healthcare delivery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第2期13卷 141-152页

作者： Somashekar G Krishna Brandon K Chu Alecia M Blaszczak Gokulakrishnan Balasubramanian Hisham Hussan peter p stanich Khalid Mumtaz Alice Hinton Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Biostatistics Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)and liver diseases contribute to substantial inpatient morbidity,mortality,and healthcare resource *** ways to reduce the economic burden of healthcare costs and the impact of these diseases is of crucial ***-day readmission rates and related hospital outcomes can serve as objective measures to assess the impact of and provide further insights into the most common GI *** To identify the thirty-day readmission rates with related predictors and outcomes of hospitalization of the most common GI and liver diseases in the United *** A cross-sectional analysis of the 2012 National Inpatient Sample was performed to identify the 13 most common GI *** 2013 Nationwide Readmission Database was then queried with specific International Classification of Diseases,Ninth Revision,Clinical Modification *** outcomes were mortality(index admission,calendar-year),hospitalization costs,and thirty-day readmission and secondary outcomes were predictors of thirty-day *** For the year 2013,the thirteen most common GI diseases contributed to 2.4 million index hospitalizations accounting for about$25 *** thirty-day readmission rates were highest for chronic liver disease(25.4%),Clostridium difficile(***)infection(23.6%),functional/motility disorders(18.5%),inflammatory bowel disease(16.3%),and GI bleeding(15.5%).The highest index and subsequent calendar-year hospitalization mortality rates were chronic liver disease(6.1%and 12.6%),*** infection(2.3%and 6.1%),and GI bleeding(2.2%and 5.0%),***-day readmission correlated with any subsequent admission mortality(r=0.798,p=0.001).Medicare/Medicaid insurances,≥3 Elixhauser comorbidities,and length of stay>3 d were significantly associated with thirty-day readmission for all the thirteen GI *** preventable and non-chronic GI disease contributed to a significant economic and health

关键词： Gastrointestinal disease Thirty-day readmission Nationwide readmission database Outcomes Mortality Cost

Outcomes of inpatient cholecystectomy among adults with cystic fibrosis in the United States

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2021年第9期13卷 371-381页

作者： Mitchell L Ramsey Lindsay A Sobotka Somashekar G Krishna Alice Hinton Stephen E Kirkby Susan S Li Michael p Meara Darwin L Conwell peter p stanich Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of Biostatistics The Ohio State University College of Public HealthColumbusOH 43210United States Division of pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of General Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOH 43210United States

BACKGROUND Symptomatic biliary and gallbladder disorders are common in adults with cystic fibrosis(CF)and the prevalence may rise with increasing CF transmembrane conductance regulator modulator *** may be considered,but the outcomes of cholecystectomy are not well described among modern patients with *** To determine the risk profile of inpatient cholecystectomy in patients with *** The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried from 2002 until 2014 to investigate outcomes of cholecystectomy among hospitalized adults with CF compared to controls without CF.A propensity weighted sample was selected that closely matched patient demographics,patient’s individual comorbidities,and hospital *** propensity weighted sample was used to compare outcomes among patients who underwent laparoscopic *** outcomes of open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy were compared among adults with *** A total of 1239 inpatient cholecystectomies were performed in patients with CF,of which 78.6%were performed *** wasp=0.719).In the propensity weighted analysis of laparoscopic cholecystectomy,there was no difference in mortality,or pulmonary or surgical complications between patients with CF and *** adjusting for significant covariates among patients with CF,open cholecystectomy was independently associated with a 4.8 d longer length of stay(p=0.018)and an$18449 increase in hospital costs(p=0.005)compared to laparoscopic *** patients with CF have a very low mortality after cholecystectomy that is similar to the general *** patients with CF,laparoscopic approach reduces resource utilization and minimizes post-operative complications.

关键词： Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Nationwide Inpatient Sample Cystic fibrosis Mortality Length of stay Symptomatic biliary disorders

A flexible,thin-film microchannel electrode array device for selective subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve recording

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongcheon Lim peter A.Zoss Terry L.powley Hyowon Lee Matthew p.Ward Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Center for Implantable Devices Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Department of psychological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA purdue Institute of Integrative Neuroscience Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)plays an important role in regulating physiological conditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract by communicating via the parasympathetic pathway to the enteric nervous system(ENS).However,the lack of knowledge in the neurophysiology of the VN and GI tract limits the development of advanced treatments for autonomic dysfunctions related to the *** better understand the complicated underlying mechanisms of the VN-GI tract neurophysiology,it is necessary to use an advanced device enabled by microfabrication *** several candidates including intraneural probe array and extraneural cuff electrodes,microchannel electrode array devices can be used to interface with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by securing them in the separate channel *** microchannel electrode array devices to interface teased nerve structures are relatively bulky with thickness around 200µ*** thick design can potentially harm the delicate tissue structures,including the nerve *** this paper,we present a flexible thin film based microchannel electrode array device(thickness:11.5µm)that can interface with one of the subdiaphragmatic nerve branches of the VN in a *** demonstrated recording evoked compound action potentials(ECAp)from a transected nerve ending that has multiple nerve ***,our analysis confirmed that the signals are from C-fibers that are critical in regulating autonomic neurophysiology in the GI tract.

关键词： electrode recording film

The potential of glutamine supplementation in reduced-crude protein diets for chicken-meat production

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 49-56页

作者： Selle, peter H. Macelline, Shemil p. Toghyani, Mehdi Liu, Sonia Yun Univ Sydney Poultry Res Fdn Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Sydney Sch Vet Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia Univ Sydney Fac Sci Sch Life & Environm Sci Camden NSW 2570 Australia

This review explores the potential of including glutamine, a so-called non-essential amino acid, in the formulation of reduced-crude protein (Cp) diets for broiler chickens. There is a precedent for benefits when including glycine and serine in reduced-Cp diets. Fundamentally this is due to decreases in nonessential amino acid concentrations in reduced-Cp diets d an unavoidable consequence of reducing Cp without amino acid supplementation. The situation for glutamine is complicated because analysed dietary concentrations are very rarely provided as standard assays do not differentiate between glutamine and glutamate and are reported on a combined basis as glutamic acid. The dietary requirement for glutamic acid is approximately 36.3 g/kg but it is increasingly unlikely that this requirement will be met as dietary Cp levels are progressively reduced. Glutamine is an abundant and versatile amino acid and constitutes 50.5 mg/g of whole-body chicken protein and is the dominant free amino acid in systemic plasma where it has been shown to provide 22.6% (139.9 of 620.3 mg/mL) of the total in birds offered 215 g/kg Cp, wheat-based diets. In addition to dietary intakes, glutamine biosynthesis is derived mainly from the condensation of glutamate and ammonia (NH3) catalysed by glutamine synthetase, a reaction that is pivotal to NH3 detoxification. Glutamate and NH3 are converted to glutamine by phosphatedependent glutaminase in the reciprocal reaction; thus, glutamine and glutamate are interchangeable amino acids. However, the rate of glutamine biosynthesis may not be adequate in rapidly growing broiler chickens and exogenous and endogenous glutamine levels are probably insufficient in birds offered reduced-Cp diets. The many functional roles of glutamine, including NH3 detoxification and maintenance of acid-base homeostasis, then become relevant. Twenty feeding studies were identified where dietary glutamine supplementation, usually 10 g/kg, was evaluated in birds kept under

关键词： Broiler chicken Glutamate Glutamic acid Glutamine ACID-BASE-BALANCE BROILER-CHICKENS AMINO-ACIDS INTESTINAL-MUCOSA SKELETAL-MUSCLE GROWTH-pERFORMANCE GLYCINE SUppLEMENTATION ELECTROLYTE BALANCE METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS AMMONIA METABOLISM

Interdigitated terahertz metamaterial sensors:design with the dielectric perturbation theory

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photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1115-1128页

作者： LEI CAO FANQI MENG ESRAÖZDEMIR YANNIK LOTH MERLE RICHTER ANNA KATHARINA WIGGER MAIRA BEATRIZ pÉREZ SOSA ALAA JABBAR JUMAAH SHIHAB AL-DAFFAIE peter HARING BOLÍVAR HARTMUT G.ROSKOS State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China physikalisches Institut Johann Wolfgang Goethe-UniversitätFrankfurt am MainGermany University of Siegen Institute for High Frequency and Quantum ElectronicsSiegenGermany Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology5612 AE EindhovenThe Netherlands

Designing terahertz sensors for highly sensitive detection of nanoscale thin films and a few biomolecules poses a substantial challenge but is crucial for unlocking their full potential in scientific research and advanced *** work presents a strategy for optimizing metamaterial sensors in detecting small quantities of dielectric *** amount of frequency shift depends on intrinsic properties(electric field distribution,Q-factor,and mode volume)of the bare cavity as well as the overlap volume of its high-electric-field zone(s)and the *** by the simplified dielectric perturbation theory,interdigitated electric split-ring resonators(ID-eSRRs)are devised to significantly enhance the detection sensitivity compared with eSRRs without interdigitated ***-eSRR’s fin-gers redistribute the electric field,creating strongly localized enhancements,which boost analyte *** periodic change of the inherent antiphase electric field reduces radiation loss,leading to a higher *** with ID-eSRR sensors operating at around 300 GHz demonstrate a remarkable 33.5 GHz frequency shift upon depositing a 150 nm SiO_(2)layer as an analyte simulant,with a figure of merit improvement of over 50 times compared with structures without interdigitated *** rational design offers a promising avenue for highly sensitive detection of thin films and trace biomolecules.

关键词： dielectric perturbation theory

Investigation of WZ Sge-type Dwarf Nova ASASSN-19oc:Optical Spectroscopy and Multicolor Light Curve Analysis

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 20-31页

作者： Viktoriia Krushevska Sergey Shugarov paolo Ochner Yuliana Kuznyetsova Mykola petrov peter Kroll Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences Tatranska Lomnica05960 VysokéTatrySlovakia Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine 27 Akademika Zabolotnoho St.03143 KyivUkraine INAF—Osservatorio Astronomico di padova Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5I-35122 PadovaItaly Department of physics and Astronomy University of PadovaVia F.Marzolo 8I-35131 PadovaItaly Max planck Computing and Data Facility(MpCDF) Gießenbachstrasse 2D-85748 GarchingGermany Sonneberg Observatory Sternwartestr.32D-96515 SonnebergGermany

In this study,we present an investigation of the newly discovered dwarf nova ASASSN-19oc during its superoutburst on 2019 June *** carried out detailed UBVRcIc-photometric observations and also obtained a spectrum on day 7 of the outburst,which shows the presence of hydrogen absorption lines commonly found in dwarf nova *** of photometric data reveals the occurrence of early superhumps in the initial days of observations,followed by ordinary and late *** have accurately calculated the period of the ordinary superhumps as pord=0.05681(10)days and determined the periods at different stages,as well as the rate of change of the superhump period(p_(dot)=(5)p/p=8.1×10^(-5)).Additionally,we have derived the mass ratio of the components(q=0.09),and estimated the color temperature during the outburst as~11,000 K,the distance to the system(d=560 pc)and absolute magnitude of the system in outburst(MV=5.3).We have shown that outbursts of this star are very rare:based on brightness measurements on 600 archival photographic plates,we found only one outburst that occurred in *** fact,as well as the properties listed above,convincingly shows that the variable ASASSN-19oc is a dwarf nova of WZ Sge type.

关键词： (stars)binaries(including multiple) close-(stars)novae-cataclysmic variables-stars dwarf novae

Defining the association between the prolonged operative time and 90-day complications in patients undergoing radical cystectomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 429-436页

作者： peter Hanna Joseph Zabell Badrinath Konety Christopher Warlick Department of Urology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Department of Urology Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt Department of Urology Rush UniversityChicagoILUSA

Objective:Radical cystectomy is a complex lengthy procedure associated with postoperative *** aimed to assess the operative time(OT)in patients undergoing radical cystectomy and its impact on 90-day postoperative complications and readmission ***:The retrospective cohort study included 296 patients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion from May 2010 to December 2018 in our *** OT of 369 min was set as a cutoff value between short and long OT *** primary outcome was 90-day postoperative complication *** outcomes were gastrointestinal recovery time,length of hospital stay,and 90-day readmission ***:The overall incidence of 90-day postoperative complications was 79.7%where 43.2%representing low-grade complications according to the ClavieneDindo classification(Grade 1 and Grade 2),and 36.5%representing high-grade complications(Grade3).Gastrointestinal tract and infectious complications are the most common complications in our data set(45.9%and 45.6%,respectively).On multivariable analysis,prolonged OT was significantly associated with odds of high-grade complications(odds ratio 2.340,95%confidence interval 1.288e4.250,p=0.005).After propensity score-matched analysis,a higher incidence of major complications was identified in the long OT group 55(51.4%)compared to 35(32.7%)in the short OT group(p=0.006).A shorter gastrointestinal tract recovery time was noticed in the short OT group(p=0.009).prolonged OT was associated with a higher 90-day readmission rate on univariate and multivariate analyses(pp=0.001,respectively).

关键词： Radicalcystectomy Operativetime Complication Readmission

Determination of riding comfort on cycleways using a smartphone application

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 747-760页

作者： Anna Niska Leif Sjögren peter Andrén Christian Weber Tineke de Jong Aslak Fyhri Department of Infrastructure Maintenance Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute(VTI)Linköping SE-58195Sweden Department of Safety and Behavior Institute of Transport EconomicsGaustadalleen 210349 OsloNorway

Well maintained cycleways will encourage more people to cycle,as the condition of cycleways is important for the safety,accessibility and riding comfort of *** that,only a few models used to describe the quality of service for cyclists take the surface condition into *** measuring methods are needed to enable reliable and effective assessment of surface conditions,and measurable performance criteria related to the needs of cyclists should be *** purpose of this study has been to test the reliability and validity of using accelerometers in smartphones to assess the riding comfort on cycleways.A smartphone application converting three-dimensional accelerometer measurements into a single indicator for cycleways has been used to assess road surfaces in two field studies,in Sweden and Norway,*** studies assessed test sections of varying *** relate the measurements to subjective riding comfort assessments by cyclists,recruited cyclists collected quantitative data using the app,whilst also rating their perceived riding comfort by completing a *** were also related to standard road surface condition indicators,generated from a road surface tester equipped with 19 laser sensors:international roughness index(IRI),mega-and *** results show that it is possible to describe the unevenness of a cycleway using the technology present in smartphones.A software application can be used to collect and analyse data from the acceleration sensors in the phone,which can then be used to describe the riding comfort of *** is mainly the unevenness in the 50-1000 mm sizerange that create the greatest discomfort for cyclists,and intermittent vibrations are perceived as more uncomfortable than more evenly distributed ***,IRI is not a relevant measurement for describing the riding comfort of cyclists.

关键词： Cyclist Comfort Assessment Road surface measurement Smartphone application

Immunological Exploration of Helicobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synthetic Glycan Library

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 243-251页

作者： Ming Zhao Guangzong Tian Chunjun Qin Xiaopeng Zou peter H. Seeberger Jing Hu Jian Yin Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology Ministry of EducationSchool of Biotechnology & School of Life Sciences and Health EngineeringJiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China Biomolecular Systems Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and InterfacesAm Mühlenberg 1Potsdam14476 Germany Wuxi School of Medicine Jiangnan UniversityLihu Avenue 1800WuxiJiangsu214122 China

Helicobacter pylori(***)infection is a threat to human *** lipopolysaccharide(LpS)O-antigen holds promise for developing *** is meaningful to explore the immunological activity of oligosaccharides with different lengths and frameshifts for antigen ***,a glycan library of *** O2 O-antigen containing eight fragments is *** screening with *** O2 LpS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,the disaccharide HpO2G-2b and trisaccharide HpO2G-3a show strong antigenicity and then are separately conjugated with carrier protein *** glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in *** anti-HpO2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much stronger binding affinity with the LpS and bacteria of *** O2 than the anti-HpO2G-2b IgG *** is no cross-reaction between both sera IgG antibodies with LpS and bacteria of *** O1,O6,and *** results demonstrate the trisaccharide HpO2G-3a is a promising candidate for *** vaccine development.

关键词： Glycoconjugates Helicobacter pylori Immunology Microarrays O-antigen Oligosaccharides