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HOtSPOtS OF NUtRIENt LOSSES tO AIR AND WAtER:AN INtEGRAtED mODELING APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN RIVER BASINS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 579-592页

作者： Aslihan URAL-jANSSEN Carolien KROEZE jan peter LESSCHEN Erik mEERS peter j.t.m.vanpuijenbroek maryna StROKAL Water Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Environmental Systems Analysis Group Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Wageningen Environmental Research PO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands. Laboratory of Bioresource Recovery(RE-soURCE LAB) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000 GhentBelgium. PBL The Netherlands Environmental Assessment AgencyPO Box 303142500GH The Haguethe Netherlands.

Nutrient pollution of air and water is a persistent problem in ***,the pollution sources are often analyzed separately,preventingthe formulation of integrative *** study aimed to quantify the contribution of agriculture to air,river and coastal water pollution by nutrients.A new mARINA-Nutrients model was developed for Europe to calculate inputs of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)to land and rivers,N emissions to air,and nutrient export to seas by river *** current practice,inputs of N and P to land were 34.4 and 1.8 ***^(-1),***,only 12%of N and 3%of P reached the *** was responsible for 55%of N and sewage for 67%of P in *** N emissions to air from agriculture were calculated at 4.0 ***^(-1).Almost twofifths of N emissions to air were from animal housing and *** a third of the basin area was considered as pollution hotspots and generated over half of N emissions to air and nutrient pollution in *** 25%of river export of N ended up in the Atlantic Ocean and of P in the mediterranean *** results could support environmental policies to reduce both air and water pollution simultaneously,and avoid pollution swapping.

关键词： agriculture air-water modeling European rivers nutrient pollution sewage systems source attribution

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Generation of polarized electron beams through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasma

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.j.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong m.Büscher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(moE) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina peter Grünberg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasmaphysik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(moE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron beam production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasma is investigated by particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron beam polarization is studied based on the thomas±Bargmann±michel±telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to be influenced by the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the bubble regime,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is mainly influenced by the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regime(for example,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons move around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contribution of the wakefield can be ***,an ultra-short electron beam with polarization of 99%can be obtained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell simulation polarized electron beam

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Association between Exposure to metals during Pregnancy,Childhood Gut microbiome,and Risk of Intestinal Inflammation in Late Childhood

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Environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 739-749页

作者： Vishal midya manasi Agrawal jamil m.Lane Chris Gennings Leonid tarassishin Libni A.torres-Olascoaga joseph Eggers jill K.Gregory mellissa Picker Inga peter jeremiah j.Faith manish Arora martha m.tellez-Rojo Robert O.Wright jean-Frederic Colombel Shoshannah Eggers Department of Environmental medicine and Climate Science Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Division of Gastroenterology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Center for molecular Prediction of Inflammatory Bowel Disease(PREDICt) Department of Clinical MedicineAalborg UniversityCopenhagen 9220Denmark Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of MedicineNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Center for Research on Nutrition and Health National Institute of Public HealthCuernavaca 62508Mexico Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States Department of Epidemiology University of Iowa College of Public HealthIowa City 52242 IowaUnited States Instructional technology Group Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew York 10029-6574New YorkUnited States

Alterations to the gut microbiome and exposure to metals during pregnancy have been suggested to impact inflammatory bowel ***,how prenatal exposure to metals eventually results in long-term effects on the gut microbiome,leading to subclinical intestinal inflammation,particularly during late childhood,has not been *** is also unknown whether such an interactive effect drives a specific subgroup of children toward elevated susceptibility to intestinal *** used an amalgamation of machine-learning techniques with a regression-based framework to explore if children with distinct sets of gut microbes and certain patterns of exposure to metals during pregnancy(metal−microbial clique signature)had a higher likelihood of intestinal inflammation,measured based on fecal calprotectin(FC)in late *** obtained samples from a well-characterized longitudinal birth cohort from mexico City(n=108),*** the second and third trimesters of pregnancy,11 metals were measured in whole *** microbial abundances and FC were measured in stool samples from children 9−11 years of *** FC was defined as having FC above 100μg/g of *** identified subgroups of children in whom microbial and metal−microbial clique signatures were associated with elevated FC(false discovery rate(FDR)ticular,we found two metal−microbial clique signatures significantly associated with elevated FC:(1)low cesium(Cs)and copper(Cu)in the third trimester and low relative abundance of Eubacterium ventriosum(OR[95%CI]:10.27[3.57,29.52],FDRthe third trimester and high relative abundances of Roseburia inulinivorans and Ruminococcus torques(OR[95%CI]:7.21[1.81,28.77],FDRthis exploratory study demonstrates that children with specific gut microbes and specific exposure patterns to metals during pregnancy may have higher fecal calprotectin levels in late childhood,denoting an elevated risk of intestinal inflammation.

关键词： exposome metals machine learning microbiome environmental epidemiology intestinal inflammation

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Solid particle erosion studies of thermally deposited alumina-titania coatings on an aluminum alloy

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International journal of minerals,metallurgy and materials 2021年第7期28卷 1186-1193页

作者： Chellaganesh Duraipandi Adam Khan m Winowlin jappes j.t. Nouby mGhazaly peter madindwa mashinini School of Automotive and mechanical Engineering and Centre for Surface Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil 626126VirudhunagarTamilnaduIndia mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt Department of mechanical and Industrial Engineering technology University of JohannesburgDoornfontein CampusJohannesburg 2028South Africa

thermal barrier coatings are widely used as surface modifications to enhance the surface properties of the material and protect from surface degradations such as erosion and ***-based coatings are highly recommended to increase wear resistance in the indus-trial *** this paper,an alumina-titania ceramic powder was deposited on an aluminum alloy using an atmospheric plasma spray *** investigations were performed to study the behavior and erosion rate of the *** particle erosion studies were performed by varying the particle velocity and particle flow *** angle impingement and stand-off distance were constant for *** base metal has a clinging effect and the mass change was negative at a maximum particle flow rate of 4 g·min^(−1).Under the same process conditions,the coated sample had a reduced lifetime and reached a maximum erosion rate of 0.052(Δg/g).the solid particle erosion studies confirmed that the base metal aluminum alloy had severe surface damage with erodent reinforcement when compared to the coated *** influence of the particle velocity,particle flow rate,and input process parameters were also identified.

关键词： erosion alumina wear velocity microstructure

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Nonlocal-means Image Denoising technique Using Robust m-Estimator

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journal of Computer Science & technology 2010年第3期25卷 623-631页

作者： Dinesh j. peter V. K. Govindan Abraham t. mathew Department of Computer Science National Institute of Technology Calicut Department of Electrical Engineering National Institute of Technology Calicut

Edge preserved smoothing techniques have gained importance for the purpose of image processing applications A good edge preserving filter is given by nonlocal-means filter rather than any other linear model based approaches. this paper explores a different approach of nonlocal-means filter by using robust m-estimator function rather than the exponential function for its weight calculation. Here the filter output at each pixel is the weighted average of pixels with surrounding neighborhoods using the chosen robust m-estimator function. the main direction of this paper is to identify the best robust m-estimator function for nonlocal-means denoising algorithm. In order to speed up the computation, a new patch classification method is followed to eliminate the uncorrelated patches from the weighted averaging process. this patch classification approach compares favorably to existing techniques in respect of quality versus computational time. Validations using standard test images and brain atlas images have been analyzed and the results were compared with the other known methods. It is seen that there is reason to believe that the proposed refined technique has some notable points.

关键词： image processing denoising technique nonlocal-means filter robust m-estimators

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Claudin-11 and occludin are major contributors to Sertoli cell tight junction function, in vitro

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Asian journal of Andrology 2016年第4期18卷 620-626页

作者： mark j mcCabe Caroline FH Foo marcel E Dinger peter m Smooker peter G Stanton male Fertility Regulation Laboratory Hudson Institute of Medical Research Monash Medical Centre Clayton Victoria 3168 Australia School of Applied Sciences Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University Bundoora Victoria 3088 Australia Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics Garvan Institute of Medical Research Darlinghurst New South Wales 2010 Australia St Vincent's Clinical School UNSW Sydney New South Wales 2052 Australia.

the Sertoli cell tight junction （t j） is the key component of the blood-testis barrier, where it sequesters developing germ cells undergoing spermatogenesis within the seminiferous tubules. Hormonally regulated claudin-11 is a critical transmembrane protein involved in barrier function and its murine knockout results in infertility. We aimed to assess quantitatively the significance of the contribution of claudin-11 to tj function, in vitro, using siRNA-mediated gene silencing. We also conducted an analysis of the contribution of occludin, another intrinsic transmembrane protein of the tj. Silencing of claudin-11 and/or occludin was conducted using siRNA in an immature rat Sertoli cell culture model. transepithelial electrical resistance was used to assess quantitatively tj function throughout the culture. two days after siRNA treatment, cells were fixed for immunocytochemical localization of junction proteins or lyzed for Rt-PCR assessment of mRNA expression. Silencing of claudin-11, occludin, or both resulted in significant decreases in tj function of 55% （P 〈 0.01）, 51% （P 〈 0.01）, and 62% （P 〈 0.01）, respectively. Data were concomitant with significant decreases in mRNA expression and marked reductions in the localization of targeted proteins to the Sertoli cell tj. We provide quantitative evidence that claudin-11 contributes significantly （P 〈 0.01） to Sertoli cell tj function in vitro. Interestingly, occludin, which is hormonally regulated but not implicated in infertility until late adulthood, is also a significant （P 〈 0.01） contributor to barrier function. Our data are consistent with in vivo studies that clearly demonstrate a role for these proteins in maintaining normal tj barrier structure and function.

关键词： blood-testis barrier claudin-11 occludin Sertoli cell tight junction siRNA

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Characterization of colonic dendritic cells in normal and colitic mice

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第40期11卷 6338-6347页

作者： Sheena m Cruickshank Nicholas R English peter j Felsburg Simon R Carding Institute of molecular and Cellular Biology Antigen Presentation Research Group Department of Clinical Science

AIm： Recent studies demonstrating the direct involvement of dendritic cells （DC） in the activation of pathogenic t cells in animal models of inflammatory bowel disease identify DC as important antigen presenting cells in the colon. However, very little is known about the properties of colonic DC. mEtHODS： Using immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and flow cytometry we have characterized and compared colonic DC in the colon of healthy animals and interleukin-2-deficient （IL2-/-） mice that develop colitis. RESULtS： In the healthy colon, DC resided within the lamina propria and in close association with the basement membrane of colonic villi. type i myeloid （CD11c^＋, CD11b^＋, B220, CD8） DC made up the largest （40-45%） population and all DC expressed low levels of CD80, CD86, and CD40, and had high endooltic activity consistent with an immature phenotype. In colitic IL2-/- mice, colonic DC numbers increased four- to five-fold and were localized within the epithelial layer and within aggregates of t and B cells. they were also many more DC in mesenteric lymph nodes （mLN）. the majority （〉85%） of DC in the colon and mLN of IL2./ mice were type 1 myeloid, and expressed high levels of mHC class II, CD80, CD86, CD40, DEC 205, and CCR5 molecules and were of low endocytic activity consistent with mature DC. CONCLUSION： these findings demonstrate striking changes in the number, distribution and phenotype of DC in the inflamed colon. their intimate association with lymphocytes in the colon and draining lymph nodes suggest that they may contribute directly to the ongoing inflammation in the colon.

关键词： Colonic dendritic cells Interleukin 2 Colitis

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Operational continental-scale land cover mapping of Australia using the Open Data Cube

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International journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 1715-1737页

作者： Christopher j.Owers Richard m.Lucas Daniel Clewley Belle tissott Sean m.t.Chua Gabrielle Hunt Norman mueller Carole Planque Suvarna m.Punalekar Pete Bunting peter tan Graciela metternicht School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia Department of Geography and Earth Sciences Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwythUK Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Land and WaterCanberraAustralia Centre for Geospatial Applications Plymouth Marine LaboratoryPlymouthUK Geoscience Australia SymonstonAustralia Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia School of Science Western Sydney UniversityRichmondAustralia

to comprehensively support national and international initiatives for sustainable development,land cover products need to be reliably and routinely generated within operational *** with consistent semantics and taxonomies,ensuring confidence in mapping land cover for multiple time periods,facilitates informed decision-making at scales appropriate to multiple policy *** United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO)Land Cover Classification System(LCCS)provides a taxonomy that comparable at different scales,level of detail and geographic *** Open Data Cube(ODC)initiative offers a framework for operational continental-scale land cover mapping using analysis-ready Earth Observation *** study utilised the FAO LCCS framework and the Landsat sensor data through Digital Earth Australia(DEA;Australia’s ODC instance)to generate consistent and continent-wide land cover mapping(DEA Land Cover)of the Australian *** Land Cover provides annual maps from 1988 to 2020 at 25 m *** maps were validated with∼12,000 independent validation points,giving an overall map accuracy of 80%.DEA Land Cover provides Australia with a nationally consistent picture of land cover,with an open-source software package using readily available global coverage data and demonstrates a pathway of adoption for national implementations across the world.

关键词： DEA land cover digital earth Australia FAO LCCS landsat sustainable development goals

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management of symptomatic neuromas:a narrative review of the most common surgical treatment modalities in amputees

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 120-132页

作者： Sahand C.Eftekari peter j.Nicksic Allison j.Seitz D’Andrea t.Donnelly Aaron m.Dingle Samuel O.Poore Division of Plastic Surgery University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthG5-347 Clinical Sciences CenterMadisonWI 53711USA

Symptomatic neuromas are an all-too-common complication following limb amputation or extremity trauma,leading to chronic and debilitating pain for *** resection of symptomatic neuromas has proven to be the superior method of intervention,but traditional methods of neuroma resection do not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of a future symptomatic neuroma and lead to high reoperation *** approaches employ the physiology of peripheral nerve injury to harness the regeneration of nerves to their *** review explores the underlying pathophysiology of neuroma formation and centralization of pain *** compares the traditional surgical approach for symptomatic neuroma resection and describes three novel surgical strategies that harness this pathophysiology of neuroma formation to their *** traditional resection of symptomatic neuromas is currently the standard of care for amputation patients,but new techniques including the regenerative peripheral nerve interface,targeted muscle reinnervation,and intraosseous transposition have shown promise in improving patient pain outcomes for postamputation pain and residual limb *** neuromas are a chronic and debilitating complication following amputation procedures and trauma,and the current standard of care does not address the underlying pathophysiology leading to the formation of the *** techniques are under development that may provide improved patient pain outcomes and a higher level of care for symptomatic neuroma resection.

关键词： Neuromas regenerative peripheral nerve interface targeted muscle reinnervation osseointegrated neural interface amputation

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烷基铝浓度对丙烯高温聚合动力学行为的影响

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高分子材料科学与工程 2006年第1期22卷 40-43页

作者：高明智 peter j t tait 丁春敏中国石化北京化工研究院北京100013 Department of Chemistry Um ISt manchester m601QD UK.

研究了在70℃和93℃烷基铝浓度对m gC l2/DNBP/t iC l4-A lE t3/DCPDm S催化体系催化丙烯聚合动力学行为的影响,结果显示,高温下烷基铝浓度的提高更加速了催化剂活性的衰减及催化剂活性中心稳定性的降低。随着聚合反应的进行,单体在固... 详细信息

研究了在70℃和93℃烷基铝浓度对m gC l2/DNBP/t iC l4-A lE t3/DCPDm S催化体系催化丙烯聚合动力学行为的影响,结果显示,高温下烷基铝浓度的提高更加速了催化剂活性的衰减及催化剂活性中心稳定性的降低。随着聚合反应的进行,单体在固体催化剂表面的吸附常数Km将降低,但烷基铝在固体催化剂表面的吸附常数KA的变化在不同聚合温度下是不同的,70℃时,烷基铝在固体催化剂表面的吸附常数KA增大,而93℃,当S i/t i比恒定时,KA基本不变,当A l/S i比恒定时,KA增大。

关键词：丙烯聚合 Ziegler-Natta催化剂动力学行为稳定指数吸附常数

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